Samacheer Kalvi 12th Commerce Notes Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Commerce Notes Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

→ The human resources is the most important element is any organization. The success, growth and development of organizations depend on the quality of work force they possess.

→ With the advent of globalization, liberalization and privatization leading to advancement in information, communication and technology paved way exhibiting the high level of innovation and creativity in human resource.

→ As per the views of Michael J. Jucius Human Resource is a “whole consisting of interrelated interdependent and interacting physiological, sociological and ethical components”.

→ The unique, peculiar and distinctive features of human resources are as under. It is created all other resources, it exhibits innovation and creativity, human resources alone can think, act, analyze and interpret, human resources are movable and it can work as a team.

→ In the words of E.F.L. Brech HRM as that part of management process which is primarily concerned with the human constituents of an organization.

→ The functions of human resource management may be classified. Managerial function – Planning, organizing, directing, controlling.

→ Operative function – procurement, development, compensation, retention, integration, maintenance.

→ The strategic role of human resource management is the process of acquiring, training, appraising and compensating employees and attending to their labour relation, health, safety and fairness concerns.

Ensuring the quality of work force through quality assurance

Benefits / compensation / Legal Recruitment staffing, Training Technology / HR Administration, An Human Resources subsystem Training, Communicating, quality effort using quality principles with the customer satisfaction. Mutual respect and team work in all the department in a company.

High quality system in companies with the Boards. Standardization with the guidelines all applicable to law and regulation, agreement with federal state agencies monitoring results – workforce system and contractors changes in Training. Measure the agent performance procedures to boost customer service regular training is must to development of workforce.

Describe two management techniques to improve job satisfaction

  1. To provide a positive working environment.
  2. Reward recognition
  3. Develop workers skill and knowledge, evaluate and measuring job satisfaction.
  4. Respectful treatment of employees at all levels.
  5. Job security / compensation / pay.

To prepare Human Resource Planning Schedule

  1. Analysis organization objectives.
  2. Inventory present HR’s.
  3. Forecasting demand and supply of HR.
  4. Estimating manpower gap.
  5. Formulating the final HR action plan.
  6. Monitoring control and feedback.

Analyse the ways of forecasting Human resource requirements.

HR forecasts both short term and long term staffing needs based on projected sales, office growth projecting Labour and materials, machineries needs. Forecasting the number of workers you will need. HR planning includes cost and administrative work that along with regular work.

Evaluate the shortfalls of Human resource management and its consequence

  1. Lack of support of top management.
  2. Improper utilisation of Resources .
  3. Inadequate development and Training and skill based programme inadequate information, datas related human resources.

Identify points of differences between HRM and HRD

HRM

HRD
Art of managing all aspects of the human workforce at a company. It focuses on the personal development of employees.
It refers to principles of management to manage the people working in organization. To develop skills, knowledge and competency of employees.
To improve the performance of the employees. It refers to continuous development function.
It is concerned with people only. It is concerned with development of the entire organization.

Analyse the impact of Change Management
Change management is a board discipline to ensuring that changes is implemented smoothly and it have wide impact on the organization and people within it.

  1. To adopt the changes and they have right path of training to improve quality of work force.
  2. To motivate the people move to current situation to new policy or strategy.
  3. The organization make the people ready to adopt the changes in a company.

Prescribe ways of resolving Conflict Management

To meet the employee separately to know about the problem and situation to avoid emotional feelings that will hurt company’s development misunderstanding due to different communication system. In sometimes emotional feelings should be expressed and acknowledged. To keep the conversation goal oriented.

Project ways of having a control over the operation of Trade Unions

Unions play a vital role both in securing legislated labour protections and rights such as safety, health overtime, medical leave, enforcing those rights on the job. If any labour receive below the wage in equality arise union will interfere asking higher wages for workers. They demand other benefits compensation, medical facilities and pension plan for workers in an organization.

Clearly specify the available Competency Mapping Process.

(i) To identify the organizational structure.
(ii) To conduct job analysis, then to prepare a job and description of job.
(iii) To identify the required skill set employees.
(a) Interview,
(b) Questionnaires,
(c) Aptitude
(d) Competency – Skill – knowledge
(e) Role to play selecting recruiting and retaining right people.

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Commerce Notes

TN Board 12th Commerce Important Questions Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

TN State Board Kalvi 12th Commerce Notes Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

Question 1.
Give the meaning of Human Resource.
Answer:

  1. The advent of globalization, liberalization and privatization leading to advancement in information, communication and technology paved way for exhibiting the high level of innovation and creativity in human resource.
  2. Individuals who acquired the required skill sets, talents, knowledge, competencies and capabilities in the accomplishment of both individual and organisational objectives.

Question 2.
What is Human Resource Management?
Answer:

  1. The branch of management that deals with managing human resource is known as Human resource management.
  2. Human resource management is a function of management concerned with hiring, motivating and maintaining people is an organization. It focuses on people is an organization.

Question 3.
State two features of HRM.
Answer:
(i) Universally relevant:
Human resource management has universal relevance. The approach and style varies depending the nature of organization structure and is applicable at all levels.

(ii) Goal oriented:
The accomplishment of organizational goals is made possible through best utilization of human resource in an organization.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 12th Commerce Notes Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

Question 4.
Mention two characteristics of Human Resource.
Answer:

  1. Human resource exhibits innovation and creativity.
  2. Human resource alone can think, act, analyze and interpret.
  3. Human resource is the only factor of production that lives.

Question 5.
List the functions of HRM.
Answer:

  1. Managerial function: Planning, organizing, directing, controlling.
  2. Operative function: Procurement, development, compensation, retention, integration and maintenance.

Question 6.
Define the term Human Resource Management.
Answer:

  1. Human resource management is a function of management concerned with hiring motivating and maintaining people in an organization.
  2. In order to achieve the personal and organizational objectives human resources are to be trained up and managed.
  3. According to Dale Yoder Human resource management as “the effective process of planning and directing the application, development and utilization of human resources in employment”.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 12th Commerce Notes Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

Question 7.
What are the features of Human resources?
Answer:

  1. Human resource is the only factor of production that lives.
  2. Human resource created all other resource.
  3. Human resource exhibits innovation and creativity
  4. Human resource alone can think, act, analyze and interpret.
  5. Human resources are emotional beings.
  6. The behaviour of Human resources are unpredictable.
  7. Human resources are movable.
  8. Human resources can work as a team.

Question 8.
Give two points of differences between HR and HRM.
Answer:

Human Resource

 Human Resource Management
Human resource exhibits innovation and creativity.  Managing the human resource is to motivate, participate and co ordinate the available work force.
Human resource alone can think, act analyze and interpret.  HRM focuses on the development of man power through training and development programmes.
Over years human resources gains value and appreciates.  Honing of skills through training increases the effective use of the resource procured.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 12th Commerce Notes Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

Question 9.
What is the importance of Human resource?
Answer:

  1. It is only through human resources all other resources are effectively used.
  2. Industrial relations depend on human resources.
  3. Human resource manages all other factors of production.
  4. Human resource can be utilized at all levels of management.
  5. Human resources are well protected by legislative frame works.
  6.  The sustainable growth of an organization depends on the important resource called human resource.

Question 10.
State the functions of Human Resource Management.
Answer:
(a) Managerial function:

  1. Planning
  2. Organizing
  3. Directing
  4. Controlling

(b) Operative function:

  1. Procurement
  2. Development
  3. Compensation
  4. Retention
  5. Integration
  6. Maintenance

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 12th Commerce Notes Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

Question 11.
Explain the unique features of Human Resource.
Answer:

  1. Human resource is the only factor of production that lives.
  2. Human resource created all other resources.
  3. It is only the labour of employees that is hired and not the employee himself.
  4. Human resource exhibits innovation and creativity.
  5. Human resources are emotional beings.
  6. Human resources can be motivated either financially or non-financially.
  7.  The behaviour of human resources are unpredictable.
  8. Human resources are movable.
  9. Human resources can work as a team.
  10. Human resources alone can think, act, analyse and interpret.

Question 12.
Describe the significance of Human Resource Management.
Answer:
There are various reasons why Human resource management is important. They are as follows:

To identify man power needs:
The number of men required are to be identified accurately to optimize the cost.

To incorporate change:
Change is constant in any organisation and change has to be introduced in such a way that Human resource management acts as an agent to make the change effective.

To ensure the correct requirement of man power:
At any time the organisation should not suffer from shortage or surplus man power which is made possible through Human resource management.

To select right man for right job:
To ensures the right talent available for the right job, so that no employee is either under qualified or over qualified.

To update the skill and knowledge:
In the process of employee, skill and knowledge enhancement to enable the employees to remain upto date through training and development programmes.

To provide incentives and bonus to best performers:
HRM to recognize the best performers and to provide them with bonus and incentives as a form of appreciation for their work.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 12th Commerce Notes Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

Question 13.
Elaborate on the Managerial functions of Human Resource Management.
Answer:
Planning:
Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do and who is to do it. It helps in the systematic operation of business. It involves determination objectives, policies, procedures, rules, strategies, programmes and budgets.

Organisation:
It includes division of work among employees. By assigning each employee their duties, delegation of authority as required and creation of accountability to make employees responsible.

Directing:
It involves issue of orders and instructions along with supervision guidance and motivation to get the best out of employees.

Controlling:
The control process includes fixing of standards, measuring actual performance comparing actual with standard laid down and taking corrective action. This is made possible through observation, supervision, reports, records and audit.

Question 14.
Differentiate HR from HRM.
Answer:
Human Resource:

  1. Individuals who acquired the required skill sets, talents, knowledge, competencies, capabilities is known as Human resources.
  2. HR created all other resources.
  3. Human resource alone can think, act, analyse and interpret.
  4. Human resource can work as a team.
  5. Human resource can be utilized at all levels of management.

Human Resource Management:

  1. It is a function, of management concerned with hiring, motivating and maintaining people in an organization.
  2. The approach and style varies depending the nature of organization structure.
  3. Managing the human resource is to motivate, participate and coordinate the available work force.
  4. HRM is a intangible function which can be measured only by results.
  5. HRM ensures the right talent available for the right job and to secure favourable employee attitude towards the management.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 12th Commerce Notes Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

Question 15.
Discuss the Operating functions HRM.
Answer:
(i) Procurement:
Acquisition deals with job analysis. Human resource planning, recruitment, selection placement, transfer and promotion.

(ii) Development:
Development includes performance, appraisal, training, executive development, career planning and organizational development.

(iii) Compensation:
It deals with job evaluation, wage and salary administration, incentives bonus, and social security schemes.

(iv) Retention:
This is made possible through health and safety, welfare social security, job satisfaction and quality of work life.

(v) Integration:
Aim to bring about reconciliation between personal interest and organizational interest.

(vi) Maintenance:
This encourages employees to work with job satisfaction, reducing labour turnover accounting for human resource and carrying out audit and research.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 12th Commerce Notes Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Human resource is a asset.
(a) Tangible
(b) Intangible
(c) Fixed
(d) Current
Answer:
(b) Intangible

Question 2.
Human Resource management is both _______ and ________
(a) Science and art
(b) Theory and practice
(c) History and Geography
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) Science and art

Question 3.
Planning is a _______ function.
(a) selective
(b) pervasive
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) pervasive

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 12th Commerce Notes Chapter 9 Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

Question 4.
Human resource management determines the ________ relationship.
(a) internal, external
(b) employer, employee
(c) Owner, Servant
(d) Principle, Agent
Answer:
(b) employer, employee

Question 5.
Labour turnover is the rate at which employees _________ the organisation.
(a) enter
(b) leave
(c) Salary
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) leave

TN Board 12th Commerce Important Questions