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TN State Board 11th Computer Science Important Questions Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers

Question 1.
What are Registers?
Answer:
Registers are the high speed temporary storage locations in the CPU. Although the number of registers varies from computer to computer, there are some registers which are common to all computers.

Question 2.
What type of challenges are frequently involved in natural language processing (NLP)?
Answer:
Speech Recognition, Natural Language Understanding and Natural Language Generation.

Question 3.
What is the function of Robotics?
Answer:
Robotics deals with the design, construction, operation and use of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback and processing.

Question 4.
What is Data?
Answer:
Data is defined as an unprocessed collection of raw facts, suitable for communication, interpretation or processing.
Eg: 134, 16 ‘Kavitha’, ‘C’ are data.

Question 5.
What is Information?
Answer:
Information is a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn. Data is the raw facts that is processed to give meaningful, ordered or structured information. Eg: Kavitha is 16 years old. This information is about Kavitha and conveys some meaning. This conversion of data into information is called data processing.

Question 6.
Write the different types of mouse.
Answer:
The different types of mouse are: Mechanical Mouse, Optical, Laser Mouse, Air Mouse, 3D Mouse, Tactile Mouse, Ergonomic Mouse and Gaming Mouse.

Question 7.
What is Track Ball?
Answer:
Track ball is similar to the upside-down design of the mouse. The user moves the ball directly, while the device itself remains stationary. The user spins the ball in various directions to navigate the screen movements.

Question 8.
Mention the uses of scanner.
Answer:
Scanners are used to enter the information directly into the computer’s memory. This device works like a Xerox machine. It converts any type of printed or written information including photographs into a digital format, which can be manipulated by the computer.

Question 9.
What is the use of plotters?
Answer:
Plotter is an output device that is used to produce graphical output on papers. It uses single color or multi color pens to draw pictures.

Question 10.
How printers are categorized?
Answer:
Printers are used to print the information on papers. They are divided into two main categories:
(i) Impact Printers.
(ii) Non-Impact Printers.

Question 11.
Name the types of Booting process?
Answer:
Booting process is of two types:
(i) Cold Booting.
(ii) Warm Booting.

Question 12.
What is meant by Cold Booting?
Answer:
When the system starts from initial state i.e., it is switched on, we call it Cold Booting or Hard Booting. When the user presses the Power button, the instructions are read from the ROM to initiate the booting process.

Question 13.
What is meant by Warm Booting?
Answer:
When the system restarts or when Reset button is pressed, we call it Warm Booting or Soft Booting. The system does not start from initial state and so all diagnostic tests need not be carried out in this case. There are chances of data loss and system damage as the data might not have been stored properly.

Question 14.
Write the performance of a Retinal Scanner?
Answer:
It performs a retinal scan which is a biometric technique that uses unique patterns on a person’s retinal blood vessels.

Question 15.
What is meant by Abacus?
Answer:
It is the first calculating device which led to an extremely high speed calculating devices.

Question 16.
What is a Artificial Neural Networks?
Answer:
It is one of the most dramatic changes in the sixth generation and will be the explosive growth of wide area networking. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a component of Artificial Intelligence (AI).

Question 17.
What is developed using Deep Learning Neural Networks?
Answer:
Optical Character Recognition (Optical Grapheme Recognition) engine for the Indus scripts has been developed using Deep Learning Neural Networks (a sub-field of Artificial Intelligence).

Question 18.
What is mean by hardware?
Answer:
It is the physical component of a computer like motherboard, memory devices, monitor, keyboard etc.

Question 19.
What is known as IPO cycle?
Answer:
Task given to a computer follows an Input- Process-Output cycle (IPO cycle). It needs certain input, processes that input and produces the desired output.

Question 20.
What are the different types of keys available in the keyboard?
Answer:
Different set ofkeys available in the keyboard: Character keys, modifier keys, system and GUI keys, enter and editing keys, function keys, navigation keys, numeric keypad and lock keys.

Question 21.
What are the different actions using mouse?
Answer:
Move, click, double click, right click, drag and drop are the actions using mouse.

Question 22.
What is meant by booting?
Answer:
When the computer is switched on, the post will be executed and check if the devices are connected properly and ready to operate. If these devices are ready, then the BIOS gets executed. This process is called booting.

Question 23.
What is called bootstrap loader?
Answer:
After the booting process is over, a program called bootstrap loader transfers OS from hard disk into main memory. The OS will load and get executed. This is called bootstrap loader.

Question 24.
What is known as punched cards?
Answer:
Punch cards are paper cards containing several punched or perforated holes that were punched by hand or machine to represent data. They are also known as Hollerith cards.

Question 25.
What is meant by machine language?
Answer:
It is a collection of binary digits or bits that the computer reads and interprets.

Question 26.
What is meant by High level language?
Answer:
It is a computer programming language that isn’t limited by the computer, designed for a specific job, and is easier to understand.

Question 27.
What is meant by Nano technology?
Answer:
Nano technology is an engineering, science, and technology that develops machines or • works with one atom or one molecule that is 100 nanometers or smaller.

Question 28.
What is meant by bioengineering?
Answer:
It is a discipline that applies engineering principles of design and analysis to biological systems and biomedical technologies.

Question 29.
What is a mouse?
Answer:
Mouse (wired/wireless) is a pointing device used to control the movement of the cursor on the display screen. It can be used to select icons, menus, command buttons or activate something on a computer. Some mouse actions are move, click, double click, right click, drag and drop.

Question 30.
What are the variety of mouse available?
Answer:
Mechanical Mouse, Optical and Laser Mouse, Air Mouse, 3D Mouse, Tactile Mouse, Pucks, Ergonomic Mouse and Gaming Mouse are the available mouses. Among all Mechanical and Optical and Laser mouse is very familiar.

Question 31.
What are the two types of printers? Give example.
Answer:
Printers are used to print the information on papers. They are divided into two main categories:
(i) Impact Printers and
(ii) Non Impact printers

(i) Impact Printers:
These printers print with striking of – hammers or pins on ribbon. These printers can print on multi-part (using carbon papers) by using mechanical pressure. Eg: Dot Matrix printers and Line matrix printers are impact printers.

(ii) Non-Impact Printers:
These printers do not use striking mechanism for printing. They use electrostatic and laser technology. Quality and speed of these printers is better than Impact printers. Eg: Laser printers and Inkjet printers are hon-impact printers.

Question 32.
What is the classification of memory?
Answer:
The Memory Unit is of two kinds which are primary memory and secondary memory. The primary memory is used to temporarily store the programs and data when the instructions are ready to execute.Eg: RAM
The secondary memory is used to permanently store the data. Eg: Hard disk, CD-ROM.

Question 33.
What is boot sequence? (or) Write the process of Booting.
Answer:
An Operating System (OS) is a basic software that makes the computer to work. When a computer is switched on, there is no information in its RAM. At the same time, in ROM, the pre-written program called POST (Power on Self Test) will be executed first. This program checks if the devices like RAM, keyboard, etc., are connected properly and ready to operate. If these devices are ready, then the BIOS (Basic Input Output System) gets executed. This process is called Booting. Thereafter, a program called “Bootstrap Loader” transfers OS from hard disk into main memory. Now the OS gets
loaded (Windows/Linux, etc.,) and will get executed.
Booting process is of two types:
(i) Cold Booting
(ii) Warm Booting.

Question 34.
Write short notes on sixth generation computers.
Answer:
In the Sixth Generation, computers could be defined as the era of intelligent computers, based on Artificial Neural Networks. One of the most dramatic changes in the sixth generation will be the explosive growth of Wide Area Networking. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a component of Artificial Intelligence (AI). It provides the ability to develop the computer program to understand human language.

Question 35.
Write the mechanism for mechanical mouse.
Answer:
(i) A small ball is kept inside and touches the pad through a hole at the bottom of the mouse.
(ii) When the mouse is moved, the ball rolls.
(iii) This movement of the ball is converted into signals and sent to the computer.

Question 36.
Write the function of keyboard.
Answer:
Keyboard (wired / wireless, virtual) is the most common input device used today. The individual keys for letters, numbers and special characters are collectively known as character keys. This keyboard layout is derived from the keyboard of original typewriter. The data and instructions are given as input to the computer by typing on the keyboard.

Apart from alphabet and numeric keys, it also has Function keys for performing different functions. There are different set of keys available in the keyboard such as character keys, modifier keys, system and GUI keys, enter and editing keys, function keys, navigation keys, numeric keypad and lock keys.

Question 37.
Write short notes on
(i) Optical character reader
(ii) Voice input system.
Answer:
(i) Optical Character Reader:
It is a device which detects characters printed or written on a paper with OCR, a user can scan a page from a book. The Computer will recognize the characters in the page as letters and punctuation marks and stores. The Scanned document can be edited using a word processor.

(ii) Voice Input System:
Microphone serves as a voice input device. It captures the voice data and send it to the Computer. Using the microphone along with speech recognition software can offer a completely new approach to input information into the Computer.

Question 38.
Expand the following:
(i) POST
(ii) BIOS
(iii) NLP.
Answer:
(i) POST: Power On Self Test.
(ii) BIOS: Basic Input Output System.
(iii) NLP: Natural Language Processing.

Question 39.
How the touch screen allows the user to interact with computer?
Answer:
A touch screen is a display device that allows the user to interact with a computer by using the finger. It can be quite useful as an alternative to a mouse or keyboard for navigating a Graphical User Interface (GUI).

Touch screens are used on a wide variety of devices such as computers, laptops, monitors, smart phones, tablets, cash registers and information kiosks. Some touch screens use a grid of infrared beams to sense the presence of a finger instead of utilizing touch-sensitive input.

Question 40.
What is the use of Fingerprint Scanner?
Answer:
Fingerprint Scanner is a fingerprint recognition device used for computer security, equipped with the fingerprint recognition feature that uses biometric technology. Fingerprint Reader / Scanner is a very safe and convenient device for security instead of using passwords, which is vulnerable to fraud and is hard to remember.

Question 41.
Write about the light pen.
Answer:
A light pen is a pointing device shaped like a pen and is connected to a monitor. The tip of the light pen contains a light-sensitive element which detects the light from the screen enabling the computer to identify the location of the pen on the screen. Light pens have the advantage of ‘drawing’ directly onto the screen, but this becomes hard to use, and is also not accurate.

Question 42.
What is hardware and software?
Answer:
Hardware is the physical component of a computer like motherboard, memory devices, monitor, keyboard etc. Software is the set of programs or instructions.

Question 43.
Give the use of speakers.
Answer:
Speakers produce voice output (audio). Using speaker along with speech synthesize software, the computer can provide voice output. This has become very common in places like airlines, schools, banks, railway stations, etc.

Question 44.
List a few commonly used Input devices and explain them briefly.
Answer:
The most commonly used Input devices are:
(i) Keyboard: For answer refer Page 18, Q.No. 8.
(ii) Mouse: For answer refer Page 17, Q.No. 1.
(iii) Scanner: For answer refer Page 15, Q.No. 8.
(iv) Barcode Readers: A Bar code is a pattern printed in lines of different thickness. The Bar code reader scans the information on the bar codes and transmits to the Computer for further processing. The system gives fast and error free entry of information into the computer.
(v) Digital camera: It captures images / videos directly in the digital form. It uses a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) electronic chip. When light falls on the chip through the lens, It converts light rays into digital format.

Question 45.
Write the commonly used output devices and explain them briefly.
Answer:
The most commonly used output devices are
(i) Monitor,
(ii) Printers.
(i) Monitor:
For answer refer Page 5,
Q.No. 8.

(ii)Printers:
Printers are used to print the information on papers. Printers are divided into two main categories.
Printers

(a) Impact Printers:
For answer refer Page 4, Q.No. 6.

(b) Non-Impact Printers:
These printers donot use striking mechanism for printing. They use electrostatic or laser technology. Quality and speed of these printers are better than Impact printers. Eg: Laser printers and Inkjet printers are non-impact printers.

Thermal Printers:
It is a digital printing process which produces a printed image by selectively heating coated thermochromic paper or thermal paper as it is commonly known, when the paper passes over the thermal print head. The coating turns black in the areas where it is heated, producing an image. Two colour direct thermal printers can print both black and an additional colour (often red) by applying heat at two different temperature.

Laser Printers:
Laser printers mostly work with similar technology used by photocopiers. It makes a laser beam scan back and forth across a drum inside the printer, building up a pattern. It can produce very good quality of graphic images. One of the chief characteristics of laser printer is their resolution – how many Dots per inch(DPI). The available resolution range around 1200 dpi. Approximately it can print 100 pages per minute(PPM).

Inkjet Printers: For answer refer Page 7, Q.No. 3 (I).

Question 46.
Explain the types of mouse.
Answer:

Question 47.
Explain the classification of computers.
Answer:
The computer systems can be classified on the following basis:
(i) On the basis of size.
(ii) On the basis of functionality.
(iii) On the basis of data handling.
Classification on the basis of size:
Super computers:
The super computer is a computers are the most high performing system. The actual performance of a super
computer is measured in FLOPS [Floating point Operations Per Second] instead of MIPS [Million Instruction Per Second]. All of the world’s fastest 500 supercomputers run Linux-based operating systems.

Super computers are used for intensive computation tasks in various fields, including weather forecasting, climate research, oil and gas exploration, molecular modeling and physical simulations. Eg: PARAM, Jaguar, roadrunner.

Main frame computers:
These are commonly called as big iron, they are usually used by big organisations for bulk data processing such as statistics, census data processing, transaction processing and are widely used as the servers. Eg: IBMZ series, system Z9 and system Z10 servers.

Minicomputer:
Computer that is smaller, less expensive and less powerful than mainframe or supercomputer, but more expensive and more powerful than a personal computer. Minicomputers are used for scientific and engineering computations, business transaction processing, file handling and database management. Eg: Person laptop, PC etc.

Micro computers:
A microcomputer is a computer with a central processing unit (CPU) as a microprocessor. Designed for individual use, a microcomputer is small than a mainframe or a minicomputer. It includes a microprocessor, memory and minimal I/O circuitry mounted on a single printed circuit board. Eg: Tablets, Smart watches.

Classification on the basis of functionality:
Servers:
Servers are nothing but dedicated computers which are set up to offer some services to the clients. Eg: Security server, database server.
Workstation:
Those are the computers designed to primarily to be used by single user at a time. They are the ones which we use for our day to day personal / commercial / work.

Information Appliances:
They are the portable devices which are designed to perform a limited set of tasks like basic calculations, playing multimedia, browsing internet etc. They are generally referred as the mobile devices.

Embedded computers:
They are the computing devices which are used in other machines to serve limited set of requirements.

Classification on the basis of data handling:

Analog computer:
An analog computer is a computer which is used to process analog data. Analog computers store data in a continuous form of physical quantities and perform calculations with the help of measures. Example of such data are pressure, temperature, voltage, speed and weight. Real-time operation and simultaneous computation is possible with the help of analog computers.

Digital computer:
A computer that performs calculations and logical operations with quantities represented as digits, usually in the binary number system of “0” and “1” computer capable of solving problems by processing information in discrete form.

Hybrid computer: A computer that processes both analog and digital data, Hybrid computer is a digital computer that accepts analog signals, converts them to digital and processes them in digital form.

Question 48.
Give the details of motherboard names, RAM capacity used in the years 1993, 1995, 2005, 2008, 2016.
Answer:
1993 – Intel develops PPGA for setting chipset to mother board. Plastic pin grid array was developed by intel in 1993. It is assisted in Integrated circuit packaging 4 MB RAM capacity used.

1995 – Intel releases new mother board ATX form factor. This motherboard including new dimensions and layout. Improving, space and interchange ability of parts, it solved many issues faced by system builders. 8 MB RAM capacity used.

2005 – Intel introduces balanced technology extended. Intel’s concept to redesign the ATX case was short lived mainly because compatible components where limited as well as it not being able to accept energy efficient components. 2 GB RAM is used.

2008 – TheT Mobile ITX, VIAS mobile – ITX is the world smallest complaint mother board
form factor. Just 60 MM by 60 MM. 4 GB RAM is used.

2016 – Intel 100 series motherboard has been superseded by the 200 series with the advent of the 7th generation Kaby Lake CPUs. 16 GB RAM is used.

Question 49.
Mention two new input and output devices that are not given in this chapter.
Answer:
Input devices:
(i) Joystick:
Joystick is also a pointing device, which is used to move the cursor position on a monitor screen. It is a stick having a spherical ball as its both lower and upper ends. The function of the joystick is similar to that of a mouse. It is mainly used in computer Aided Designing (CAD) and playing computer games.

(ii) Digitizer:
Digitizer is an input device which converts analog information into digital form. It can convert a signal from the television or camera into a series of numbers that could be stored in a computer. It is also known as graphics tablet. It is used for five works of drawing and image manipulation applications.

(iii) Optical Mark Reader (OMR):
OMR is a special type of optical scanner used to recognize the type of mark made by pen or pencil. It is specially used for checking the answer sheets of examinations having multiple choice questions.

(iv) MIDI keyboard:
MIDI keyboard is the most uses keyboard for composing the songs. Generally, the piano is used with a computer to compose the song with the use of USB or MIDI cable.

Output devices:
(i) Speech generating device:
SGD is an output device that assists speech impaired individuals to communicate. Speech – generating devices also find use with children who are suspected of having speech deficiencies.

(ii) Film recorder:
A film recorder is a graphical output device for transferring digital images to photographic film.

(iii) Computer Output Microfilm (COM):
Computer Output Microfilm is a system that converts stored data directly to microfilm. A high speed recorder transfers machine readable digital data on to human-readable microfilm using laser technology and a processor, which develops the microfilm after it is exposed to the light source.

Question 50.
What is a computer?
Answer:
“A Computer is an electronic device that takes raw data (unprocessed) as an input from the user and processes it under the control of a set of instructions (called program), produces a result (output) and saves ¡t for future use.”

Question 51.
Distinguish between data and information.
Answer:

Question 52.
What are the components of a CPU?
Answer:
Control Unit, Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) and Memory Unit are the three components of a CPU.

Question 53.
What is the function of an ALU?
Answer:
In CPU, ALU performs various computing functions on data. The ALU performs arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and logical operations. Such as AND, OR, NOT. The result of an operation is stored in internal memory of CPU. The logical operations of ALU promote the decision-making ability of a computer.

Question 54.
Write the functions of control unit.
Answer:
Controls the flow of data between the CPU, memory and I/O devices. Controls the entire operation of a computer.

Question 55.
What is the function of memory?
Answer:
The basic function of computer memory is essential to store data. The memory unit is of two types:- Primary memory and Secondary memory. The Primary Memory (main memory) is volatile, i.e., the content is lost when the power supply is switched off.
Eg: the Random Access Memory (RAM). The Secondary memory is non-volatile. The content is available even after the power supply is switched off.
Eg: Hard disk, CD-ROM and DVD ROM.

Question 56.
Differentiate Input and output unit.
Answer:

Question 57.
Distinguish Primary and Secondary memory.
Answer:

Question 58.
What are the characteristics of a computer?
Answer:
The general characteristics of computers are speed, memory capacity, accuracy, diligence, representativeness, reliability, endurance and versatility.

Question 59.
Write the applications of computer.
Answer:
The applications of computers are business, education, marketing,banking, insurance, communication, health care, military, engineering design, entertainments, advertisement.

Question 60.
What is an input device? Give two examples.
Answer:
The input device is the component through which data and instructions are provided to the computer. Eg: Keyboard and mouse.

Question 61.
Name any three output devices.
Answer:
The output device is the component which delivers the data and informtion proceed by the CPU. Eg: Monitor, printers, speaker.

Question 62.
Differentiate optical and Laser mouse.
Answer:

Question 63.
Write short note on impact printer.
Answer:
Impact printers print with striking of hammers or pins on ribbon. They can print on multi-part (using carbon papers) by using mechanical pressure. Eg: Dot Matrix printers and Line matrix printers.

A Dot matrix printer prints using a fixed number of pins or wires. Each dot is produced by a tiny metal rod, also called a “wire” or “pin”, which works by the power of a tiny electromagnet or solenoid, either directly or through a set of small levers. It generally prints one line of text at a time. The printing speed of these printers varies from 30 to 1550 CPS (Character Per Second).

Line matrix printers use a fixed print head for printing. It prints a page-wide line of dots, but it builds up a line of text by printing lines of dots. They are capable of printing much more than 1000 Lines Per Minute, resulting in thousands of pages per hour. These printers also uses mechanical pressure to print on multi-part (using carbon papers).

Question 64.
Write the characteristics of sixth generation.
Answer:
(i) Parallel and Distributed computing.
(ii) Computers have become smarter, faster and smaller.
(iii) Development of robotics.
(iv) Natural Language Processing.
(v) Development of Voice Recognition Software.

Question 65.
Write the significant features of monitor.
Answer:
Monitor is the most commonly used output device to display the information. It looks like a TV. Pictures on a monitor are formed with picture elements called Pixels. Monitors may either be Monochrome which display text or images in Black and White or can be color, which display results in multiple colors.

There are many types of monitors available such as CRT (Cathode Ray Tube), LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and LED (Light Emitting Diodes). The monitor works with the VGA (Video Graphics Array) card. The video graphics card helps the keyboard to communicate with the screen. It acts as an interface between the computer and display monitor. Usually the recent motherboards incorporate built-in video card.

Question 66.
Explain the basic components of a computer with a neat diagram.
Answer:
The computer is the combination of hardware and software. Hardware is the physical
component of a computer like motherboard, memory devices, monitor, keyboard etc., Software is the set of programs or instructions. Both hardware and software together make the computer system function.

Input unit:
It is used to feed any form of data to the computer, which can be stored in the memory unit for further processing. Eg: Keyboard, mouse etc.

Central processing unit (CPU):
It is the major component which interprets and executes software instructions. It also control the operation of all other components such as memory, input and output units. It accepts binary data as input, process the data according to the instructions and provide the result as output. The CPU has three components which are Control unit, Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) and Internal Memory.

(i) Arithmetic and Logic Unit:
In CPU, ALU performs various computing functions data. The ALU performs arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and logical operations. The result of an operation is stored in internal memory of CPU. The logical operations of ALU promote the decision-making ability of a computer.

(ii) Control Unit:
It controls the flow of data between the CPU, memory and I/O devices. It also controls the entire operation of a computer. memory (or) main memory, often referred to simply as memory is the only one directly accessible to the CPU.

Output Unit:
Any hardware component that conveys information to users in an understandable form. Eg: Monitor, Printer etc.

Memory Unit:
The Memory Unit is of two types:- Primary memory and Secondary memory. The primary memory is used to temporarily store the programs and data when the instructions are ready to execute. The secondary memory is used to store the data permanently.

(i) The Primary Memory (main memory) is volatile, the content is lost when the power supply is switched off. Random Access Memory (RAM).
(ii) The Secondary memory is non-volatile, the content is available even after the power supply is switched off. Eg: Hard disk, CD-ROM and DVD ROM.

Question 67.
Discuss the various generations of computers.
Answer:

Question 68.
Explain the following:
(i) Inkjet Printer
(ii) Multimedia projector
(iii) Bar code / QR code Reader.
Answer:
(i) Inkjet Printer:
It uses colour cartridges which combine Magenta, Yellow and Cyan inks to create color tones. A black cartridge is also used for monochrome output. They work by spraying ionised ink at a sheet of paper. The speed of it generally range from 1-20 PPM (Page Per Minute).

They use the technology of firing ink by heating it so that it explodes towards the paper in bubbles or by using piezoelectricity in which tiny electric currents controlled by electronic circuits are used inside the printer to spread ink in jet speed. An Inkjet printer can spread millions of dots of ink at the’ paper every single second.

(ii) Multimedia projector:
They are used to produce computer output on a big screen. These are used to display presentations in meeting halls or in classrooms.

(iii) Bar code / QR code Reader:
A Bar code is a pattern printed in lines of different thickness. Scans the information on the bar codes and transmits to the computer for further processing. The system gives fast and error free entry of information into the computer.

(iv) QR (Quick response) Code:
The QR code is the two dimension bar code which can be read by a camera and processed to interpret the image.

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
_______ is the father of computer.
(a) John Napier
(b) William Oughtred
(c) Blaise Pascal
(d) Charles Babbage
Answer:
(d) Charles Babbage

Question 2.
The expansion of ALU is:
(a) Arithmetic Logic Unit
(b) Arithmetic Long Unit
(c) Arithmetic Law Unit
(d) Arithmetic Logo Unit
Answer:
(a) Arithmetic Logic Unit

Question 3.
The first generation was in the year:
(a) 1942-1955
(b) 1955-1964
(c) 1964-1975
(d) 1975 – present
Answer:
(a) 1942-1955

Question 4.
The first generation computers used:
(a) assembly language
(b) machine language
(c) high level language
(d) word processor language
Answer:
(b) machine language

Question 5.
__________ used in second generation computers.
(a) Punched cards
(b) Plotter
(c) Printers
(d) Keyboard
Answer:
(a) Punched cards

Question 6.
Second generation computers used:
(a) vacuum tube
(b) transistor
(c) integrated circuit
(d) micro processor
Answer:
(b) transistor

Question 7.
Batch processing and multi programming operating system were used in:
(a) first generation
(b) second generation
(c) third generation
(d) fourth generation
Answer:
(b) second generation

Question 8.
The second generation was in the year:
(a) 1942-1955
(b) 1955-1964
(c) 1964-1975
(d) 1975-1980
Answer:
(b) 1955-1964

Question 9.
Third generation computers used:
(a) vacuum tube
(b) transistor
(c) integrated circuit
(d) microprocessor
Answer:
(c) integrated circuit

Question 10.
The third generation was in the year:
(a) 1955 – 1964
(b) 1964 – 1975
(c) 1975 – 1980
(d) 1942 – 1955
Answer:
(b) 1964 – 1975

Question 11.
High level language appeared in:
(a) first generation
(b) second generation
(c) third generation
(d) fourth generation
Answer:
(c) third generation

Question 12.
Fourth generation computers used:
(a) vacuum tube
(b) transistor
(c) integrated circuit
(d) microprocessor
Answer:
(d) microprocessor

Question 13.
Portable computers were introduced in _______ generation.
(a) first
(b) second
(c) third
(d) fourth
Answer:
(d) fourth

Question 14.
Fourth generation computers was in the year:
(a) 1942-1955
(b) 1955-1964
(c) 1964-1975
(d) 1975-1980
Answer:
(d) 1975-1980

Question 15.
Microcomputer series such as IBM and APPLE developed in __________ generation.
(a) first
(b) second
(c) third
(d) fourth
Answer:
(d) fourth

Question 16.
Fifth generation was in the year:
(a) 1980-1990
(b) 1955-1964
(c) 1980 – present
(d) 1942-1955
Answer:
(c) 1980 – present

Question 17.
Computers can recognize images and graphs in:
(a) first generation
(b) second generation
(c) fourth generation
(d) fifth generation
Answer:
(d) fifth generation

Question 18.
Introduction of Artificial intelligence is in generation.
(a) sixth
(b) third
(c) fourth
(d) fifth
Answer:
(d) fifth

Question 19.
__________ is in the sixth generation.
(a) Introduction of portable computers
(b) Introduction of artificial intelligence
(c) Development of robotics
(d) Introduction of word processors
Answer:
(c) Development of robotics

Question 20.
Sixth generation computers are:
(a) batch processing
(b) parallel processing
(c) natural language processing
(d) natural networks
Answer:
(c) natural language processing

Question 21.
Voice Recognition is in the generation.
(a) sixth
(b) fourth
(c) fifth
(d) third
Answer:
(a) sixth

Question 22.
____________ is the ability of a computer program to understand human language.
(a) NLP
(b) CPU
(c) ANN
(d) AI
Answer:
(a) NLP

Question 23.
______ is a component of artificial intelligence.
(a) CPU
(b) ANN
(c) NLP
(d) ALU
Answer:
(c) NLP

Question 24.
_______ deals with the design, construction, operation and use of robots.
(a) NLP
(b) Robotics
(c) AI
(d) ANN
Answer:
(b) Robotics

Question 25.
___________ is the study and application of extremely small things.
(a) Nanotechnology
(b) ANN
(c) Natural language processing
(d) Bio Engineering
Answer:
(a) Nanotechnology

Question 26.
________ involves the ability to see and to control individual atoms and molecules.
(a) Robotics
(b) Artificial neural networks
(c) Nanotechnology
(d) NLP
Answer:
(c) Nanotechnology

Question 27.
_________ applies engineering principles of design and analysis to biological systems and biomedical technologies.
(a) Nanotechnology
(b) Robotics
(c) Bio-engineering
(d) NLP
Answer:
(c) Bio-engineering.

Question 28.
__________ is the term used for rawfacts and figures.
(a) Data
(b) Information
(c) Mother board
(d) Data processing
Answer:
(a) Data

Question 29.
Data represented in useful and meaningful form is:
(a) data processing
(b) information
(c) data
(d) information set
Answer:
(b) information

Question 30.
The conversion of data into information is called:
(a) computer
(b) information
(c) data processing
(d) software
Answer:
(c) data processing

Question 31.
The computer is the combination of:
(a) hardware and software
(b) mother board and memory devices
(c) monitor and keyboard
(d) monitor and CPU
Answer:
(a) hardware and software

Question 32.
_________ is the physical components of a computer.
(a) Software
(b) Hardware
(c) Mouse
(d) CPU
Answer:
(b) Hardware

Question 33.
________ is the set of programs or instructions.
(a) Hardware
(b) Software
(c) Input – Process – Output
(d) Data
Answer:
(b) Software

Question 34.
Every task given to a computer follows an:
(a) instruction
(b) input – process – output cycle
(c) data
(d) process cycle
Answer:
(b) input – process – output cycle

Question 35.
_________ holds the data and instructions during the processing.
(a) Input unit
(b) Memory unit
(c) Output unit
(d) Storage unit
Answer:
(b) Memory unit

Question 36.
_________ is the component through which data and instructions are provided to the computer.
(a) Input device
(b) Output device
(c) Memory unit
(d) Storage device
Answer:
(a) Input device

Question 37.
_______ is the heart of the computer.
(a) Memory
(b) Software
(c) Storage devices
(d) CPU
Answer:
(d) CPU

Question 38.
The is the component which delivers the data and information processed by the CPU.
(a) memory storage device
(b) input device
(c) CPU
(d) output device
Answer:
(d) output device

Question 39.
The expansion of CPU is:
(a) Central Processing Unit
(b) Central Prefix Unit
(c) Central Power Unit
(d) Central Printer Unit
Answer:
(a) Central Processing Unit

Question 40.
__________ is the logical machine which interprets and executes software instructions.
(a) CPU
(b) Mother Board
(c) Input Device
(d) Storage Device
Answer:
(a) CPU

Question 41.
The CPU has units.
(a) four
(b) five
(c) two
(d) three
Answer:
(d) three

Question 42.
The performs arithmetic operations.
(a) ALU
(b) CPU
(c) control unit
(d) memory unit
Answer:
(a) ALU

Question 43.
The operations of ALU promote the decision making ability of a computer.
(a) arithmetic
(b) logical
(c) comparison
(d) text
Answer:
(b) logical

Question 44.
The _______ unit controls the flow of data between the CPU, memory and I/O devices.
(a) memory
(b) ALU
(c) CPU
(d) control
Answer:
(d) control

Question 45.
The memory unit is of kinds.
(a) three
(b) four
(c) five
(d) two
Answer:
(d) two

Question 46.
________ memory is used to temporarily store the programs and data.
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary
(c) PROM
(d) EPROM
Answer:
(a) Primary

Question 47.
___________ is the most common input device used today.
(a) Keyboard
(b) Mouse
(c) Scanner
(d) Light Pen
Answer:
(a) Keyboard

Question 48.
________ is a pointing device used to control the movement of the cursor on the display screen.
(a) Keyboard
(b) Scanner
(c) Trackball
(d) Mouse
Answer:
(d) Mouse

Question 49.
________ are used to enter information directly into the computer’s memory.
(a) Mouse
(b) Keyboard
(c) Scanner
(d) Trackball
Answer:
(c) Scanner

Question 50.
__________ used for computer security equipped with the fingerprint recognition.
(a) Fingerprint scanner
(b) Retinal scanner
(c) Optical character reader
(d) Touch screen
Answer:
(a) Fingerprint scanner

Question 51.
___________ uses the unique patterns on a person’s retinal blood vessels.
(a) Scanners
(b) Finger print scanner
(c) Barcode reader
(d) Retinal scanner
Answer:
(d) Retinal scanner

Question 52.
______ is an input device which is used to draw lines or figures on a computer screen.
(a) OCR
(b) Light pen
(c) Mouse
(d) Keyboard
Answer:
(b) Light pen

Question 53.
__________ is a device which detects alpha numeric characters printed or written on a paper.
(a) Optical Character Reader
(b) Light Pen
(c) Scanner
(d) Bar code Reader
Answer:
(a) Optical Character Reader

Question 54.
_______ reads bar codes and converts them into electric pulses to be processed by a computer.
(a) Scanner
(b) Track Ball
(c) Mouse
(d) Bar Code Reader
Answer:
(d) Bar Code Reader

Question 55.
A ________ converts human speech into electrical signals.
(a) digital camera
(b) touch screen
(c) microphone
(d) keyboard
Answer:
(c) microphone

Question 56.
_________ captures images and videos directly into the digital form.
(a) Microphone
(b) Light pen
(c) Touch screen
(d) Digital camera
Answer:
(d) Digital camera

Question 57.
__________ is a display device that allows the uses to interact with a computer by using the finger.
(a) Microphone
(b) Light pen
(c) Touch screen
(d) Digital camera
Answer:
(c) Touch screen

Question 58.
__________ is a device for signalling by hand.
(a) Keyer
(b) Microphone
(c) Touchscreen
(d) Scanner
Answer:
(a) Keyer

Question 59.
_________ is the most commonly used output device to display the information.
(a) Printer
(b) Monitor
(c) Plotter
(d) Keyer
Answer:
(b) Monitor

Question 60.
______ is used to produce graphical output on papers.
(a) Printers
(b) Plotters
(c) Monitor
(d) Scanners
Answer:
(b) Plotters

Question 61.
_________ are used to print the information on papers.
(a) Plotters
(b) Monitor
(c) Printers
(d) Scanners
Answer:
(c) Printers

Question 62.
Printers are divided into _______ main categories.
(a) three
(b) two
(c) four
(d) five
Answer:
(b) two

Question 63.
The printing speed of serial dot matrix printers varies from:
(a) 50 to 1000 cps
(b) 100 to 1000 cps
(c) 40 to 1550 cps
(d) 30 to 1550 cps
Answer:
(d) 30 to 1550 cps

Question 64.
Line printers are capable of printing _______ lines per minute.
(a) more .than 500
(b) more than 800
(c) more than 100
(d) more than 1000
Answer:
(d) more than 1000

Question 65.
_________ produces voice output.
(a) Printer
(b) Projector
(c) Speakers
(d) Plotters
Answer:
(c) Speakers

Question 66.
________ is used to produce computer output
on a big screen.
(a) Monitor
(b) Multimedia projector
(c) Speakers
(d) Plotters
Answer:
(b) Multimedia projector

Question 67.
Booting process is of ________ types.
(a) two
(b) three
(c) four
(d) five
Answer:
(a) two

Question 68.
Cold Booting is also called as:
(a) hard booting
(b) soft booting
(c) rough booting
(d) fast booting
Answer:
(a) hard booting

Question 69.
___________ transfers from hard disk into main memory.
(a) Assembler
(b) Complier
(c) Bootstrap loader
(d) Loader
Answer:
(c) Bootstrap loader

Question 70.
When was Analytical Engine invented?
(a) 1835
(b) 1836
(c) 1837
(d) 1838
Answer:
(c) 1837

Question 71.
Who invented the Analytical Engine?
(a) John Napier
(b) William Oughtred
(c) Charles Babbage
(d) Blaise Pascal
Answer:
(c) Charles Babbage

Question 72.
Which is the first calculating machine?
(a) Abacus
(b) Analytical Engine
(c) Napier bones
(d) ENLAC
Answer:
(a) Abacus

Question 73.
Which of the following is first digital computer?
(a) ENIAC
(b) ED VAC
(c) UNIVAC – 1
(d) UNIVAC -1108
Answer:
(a) ENIAC

Question 74.
Who invented ENIAC?
(a) J. Presper Eckert
(b) John Mauchly
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) John Napier
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b)

Question 75.
Which one of the following is known as subfield of AI?
(a) Deep Learning Neural Networks
(b) Optical Character Recognition
(c) Optical Grapheme Recognition
(d) Artificial Natural Network
Answer:
(a) Deep Learning Neural Networks

Question 76.
How many Indus scripts are available in the Indus valley civilization artifact system?
(a) 414
(b) 415
(c) 416
(d) 417
Answer:
(d) 417

Question 77.
What is called a set of Instructions given to the computer?
(a) Hardware
(b) Program
(c) Output
(d) Input
Answer:
(b) Program

Question 78.
(a) Richard Lyon
(b) Steve Krish
(c) Telefunken
(d) John Mauchly
Answer:
(c) Telefunken

Question 79.
Which of the following is a non-volatile memory?
(a) ROM
(b) RAM
(c) CDROM
(d) DVD
Answer:
(c) CDROM

Question 80.
In which type of mouse a small ball is kept inside and touches the pad?
(a) Mechanical mouse
(b) Optical mouse
(c) Laser mouse
(d) Air mouse
Answer:
(a) Mechanical mouse

Question 81.
How many buttons are there in an optical mouse?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
Answer:
(c) 3

Question 82.
Who invented and developed the mouse?
(a) Douglas Engelbart
(b) William Oughtred
(c) Douglas Einestein
(d) John Napier
Answer:
(a) Douglas Engelbart

Question 83.
Which one of the device works like a xerox machine?
(a) OCR
(b) Barcode
(c) Scanner
(d) QR code Reader
Answer:
(c) Scanner

Question 84.
Which one of the device uses biometric technology?
(a) Fingerprint scanner
(b) Track ball
(c) Retinal scanner
(d) Both (a) and (c)
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (c)

Question 85.
Which device has upside-down design of the mouse?
(a) Mouse
(b) Scanner
(c) Track ball
(d) Light pen
Answer:
(c) Track ball

Question 86.
Which device is a pointing device shaped like a pen?
(a) Track ball
(b) Light pen
(c) Scanner
(d) OCR
Answer:
(b) Light pen

Question 87.
Which device is used for fast and error free entry of information into the computer?
(a) Bar code
(b) OCR
(c) Scanner
(d) Camera
Answer:
(a) Bar code

Question 88.
Which system can be read by a camera and processed to interpret the image?
(a) QR code
(b) OCR
(c) Scanner
(d) Track ball
Answer:
(a) QR code

Question 89.
Which system serves as voice input device?
(a) QR code
(b) OCR
(c) Bar code
(d) Microphone
Answer:
(d) Microphone

Question 90.
Which device captures images or videos directly in the digital form?
(a) Bar code
(b) Digital camera
(c) OCR
(d) Scanner
Answer:
(b) Digital camera

Question 91.
Which device can be used as an alternate to input for navigating a GUI?
(a) Bar code
(b) Digital camera
(c) OCR
(d) Touch screen
Answer:
(d) Touch screen

Question 92.
Which input device has a large number of switches?
(a) OCR
(b) Camera
(c) Keyer
(d) Touch screen
Answer:
(c) Keyer

Question 93.
Which card act as a interface between the computer and display monitor?
(a) Video graphics card
(b) CRT
(c) LCD
(d) Keyer
Answer:
(a) Video graphics card

Question 94.
Which is the first computer monitor was part of the xerox?
(a) Alto computer
(b) Micro computer
(c) Mini computer
(d) Super computer
Answer:
(a) Alto computer

Question 95.
Which printer prints using a fixed number of pins or wires?
(a) Plotter
(b) Dot matrix printer
(c) Line printer
(d) Laser printer
Answer:
(b) Dot matrix printer

Question 96.
Which printer prints one line of text at a time?
(a) Dot matrix printer
(b) Plotter
(c) Line printer
(d) Laser printer
Answer:
(a) Dot matrix printer

Question 97.
What type of printers uses a fixed print head for printing page-wide line of dots?
(a) Line Matrix Printer
(b) Plotter
(c) Laser Printer
(d) Inkjet Printer
Answer:
(a) Line Matrix Printer

Question 98.
What type of printers work with similar technology used by photocopiers?
(a) Line Printer
(b) Laser Printer
(c) Dot Matrix Printer
(d) Plotter
Answer:
(b) Laser Printer

Question 99.
How many Dot Per Inch (DPI) resolution available in Laser Printer?
(a) 1000 dpi
(b) 1100 dpi
(c) 1200 dpi
(d) 1300 dpi
Answer:
(c) 1200 dpi

Question 100.
Which printer works by spraying ionised ink at a sheet of paper?
(a) Line printer
(b) Laser printer
(c) Inkjet printer
(d) Dot matrix printer
Answer:
(c) Inkjet printer

Question 101.
What is the speed of Inkjet printer in Page Per Minute (PPM)?
(a) 1 – 10 PPM
(b) 1 – 12 PPM
(c) 1 15 PPM
(d) 1 – 20 PPM
Answer:
(d) 1 – 20 PPM

Question 102.
Which printer use the technology of firing ink by heating?
(a) Inkjet printer
(b) Line printer
(c) Laser printer
(d) Dot matrix printer
Answer:
(a) Inkjet printer

Question 103.
Which device can provide voice output and using speech synthesize software?
(a) Laser printer
(b) Speakers
(c) Monitor
(d) Keyer
Answer:
(b) Speakers

Question 104.
What is the basic software that makes the computer to work?
(a) Operating system
(b) Application software
(c) Hardware
(d) Assembly language
Answer:
(a) Operating system

Question 105.
The computer devices connected properly and ready to the BIOS gets executed. This process is called:
(a) compiling
(b) booting
(c) starting
(d) shutdown
Answer:
(b) booting

Question 106.
Pre-written program in the ROM memory is called:
(a) POST
(b) BIOS
(c) OS
(d) Compiler
Answer:
(a) POST

Question 107.
Expand BIOS:
(a) Based Input Output System
(b) Basic Input Output System
(c) Before Input Output System
(d) Behind Input Output System
Answer:
(b) Basic Input Output System

Question 108.
When the system starts from initial state that is switched on, it is called:
(a) Booting
(b) Cold booting
(c) Warm booting
(d) Boot strap
Answer:
(b) Cold booting

Question 109.
Who invented the different versions of optical mouse?
(a) Richard Lyon
(b) Steve Krish
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) John Maunchly
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b)

Question 110.
The warm booting also known as:
(a) cold booting
(b) soft booting
(c) compiling
(d) boot strap
Answer:
(b) soft booting

Question 111.
Mechanical mouse was introduced in the year:
(a) 02/10/1968
(b) 02/10/1978
(c) 10/02/1998
(d) 10/02/1968
Answer:
(a) 02/10/1968

Question 112.
Which company introduced the mechanical mouse?
(a) German
(b) American
(c) Indian
(d) Britain
Answer:
(a) German

Question 113.
Which year optical mouse was introduced?
(a) 1998
(b) 1988
(c) 1996
(d) 1976
Answer:
(b) 1988

Question 114.
Match the following:

(a) (ii), (iii), (iv), (i)
(b) (iii), (iv), (i), (ii)
(c) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)
(d) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Answer:
(c) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)

Question 115.
Match the following:

(a) (i) – (c); (ii) – (d); (iii) – (a); (iv) – (b)
(b) (i) – (b); (ii) – (c); (iii) – (d); (iv) – (a)
(c) (i) – (b); (ii) – (d); (iii) – (a); (iv) – (c)
(d) (i) – (d); (ii) – (a); (iii) – (b); (iv) – (c)
Answer:
(c) (i) – (b); (ii) – (d); (iii) – (a); (iv) – (c)

Question 116.
Match the following:

(a) (i) – (d); (ii) – (b); (iii) – (a); (iv) – (c)
(b) (i) – (b); (ii) – (c); (iii) – (d); (iv) – (a)
(c) (i) – (a); (ii) – (c); (iii) – (b); (iv) – (d)
(d) (i) – (b); (ii) – (d); (iii) – (c); (iv) – (a)
Answer:
(b) (i) – (b); (ii) – (c); (iii) – (d); (iv) – (a)

Question 117.
Choose the odd man out:
(a) Plotter
(b) Digital camera
(c) Track Ball
(d) Light Pen
Answer:
(a) Plotter

Question 118.
Choose the odd man out:
(a) Laser printer
(b) Inkjet printer
(c) Thermal printer
(d) Dot matrix printer
Answer:
(d) Dot matrix printer

Question 119.
Choose the incorrect pair.

Answer:
(d)

Question 120.
Choose the correct pair.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation for A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation for A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation for A.

Question 121.
Assertion (A):
In the Sixth Generation, computers could be defined as the era of intelligent computers, based on Artificial Neural Networks.
Reason (R):
It provides the ability to develop the computer program to understand human language.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation for A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation for A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation for A.

Question 122.
Assertion (A):
The term ‘Computer’ is derived from the word ‘Datum’ which means to calculate.
Reason (R):
The person who performs calculation is called as computer.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation for A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation for A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer:
(d) A is false, but R is true.

Question 123.
Assertion (A):
A touch screen is a display device that allows the user to interact with a computer by using the finger.
Reason (R):
It captures images/videos directly in the digital form.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation for A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation for A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer:
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation for A.

Question 124.
First generation computers used:
(a) vacuum tubes
(b) transistors
(c) integrated circuits
(d) microprocessors
Answer:
(a) vacuum tubes

Question 125.
Name the volatile memory:
(a) ROM
(b) PROM
(c) RAM
(d) EPROM
Answer:
(c) RAM

Question 126.
Identify the output device:
(a) keyboard
(b) memory
(c) monitor
(d) mouse
Answer:
(c) monitor

Question 127.
Identify the input device:
(a) printer
(b) mouse
(c) plotter
(d) projector
Answer:
(b) mouse

Question 128.
_____ output device is used for printing building plan, flex board, etc.
(a) Thermal printer
(b) Plotter
(c) Dot matrix
(d) Inkjet printer
Answer:
(b) Plotter

Question 129.
Which one of the following is used to in ATM machines:
(a) touch screen
(b) speaker
(c) monitor
(d) printer
Answer:
(a) touch screen

Question 130.
When a system restarts which type of booting is used?
(a) Warm booting
(b) Cold booting
(c) Touch boot
(d) Real boot
Answer:
(a) Warm booting

Question 131.
Expand POST:
(a) Post on self Test
(b) Power on Software Test
(c) Power on Self Test
(d) Power on Self Text
Answer:
(c) Power on Self Test

Question 132.
Which one of the following is the main memory?
(a) ROM
(b) RAM
(c) Flash drive
(d) Hard disk
Answer:
(b) RAM

Question 133.
Which generation of computer used IC’s?
(a) First
(b) Second
(c) Third
(d) Fourth
Answer:
(c) Third

TN Board 11th Computer Science Important Questions