TN State Board 11th Commerce Important Questions Chapter 33 Indirect Taxation
Question 1.
Define Indirect tax.
Answer:
Indirect Tax is levied on the goods and services. It is collected‘from the buyers by the sellers and paid by the sellers to the Government.
eg: GST; Exise duty etc.
Question 2.
List out any four types of indirect taxes levied in India.
Answer:
- GST.
- Value Added Tax.
- Excise Duty.
- Customs Duty.
Question 3.
What do you mean by Goods and Services Taxes?
Answer:
- GST is the tax imposed on the supply of goods and services.
- It is a destination based consumption tax and collected on these value added items at each stage of the supply chain.
Question 4.
Write a note on SGST.
Answer:
State Goods and Services Tax – imposed and collected by the State Governments under State GST Act. (Tamil Nadu GST Act 2017 passed by Tamil Nadu Govt.)
Question 5.
What is CGST?
Answer:
Central Goods and Services Tax – imposed and collected by the Central Government on all supply of goods within a state (intra-state) under CGST Act 2017.
Question 6.
Write any two differences between direct taxes and indirect taxes.
Answer:
Basis | Direct Taxes |
Indirect Taxes |
Evasion | Tax evasion is possible. | Tax evasion is more difficult |
Inflation | Direct tax helps in reducing the inflation. | Indirect tax contributes to inflation. |
Question 7.
What are the objectives of GST?
Answer:
- The foremost objective of GST is to create a common market with uniform tax rate in India. (One Nation, One Tax, One Market)
- To eliminate the cascading effect of taxes, GST allows set-off of prior taxes for the same transactions as input tax credit.
- To boost Indian exports, the GST already collected on the inputs will be refunded and thus there will be no tax on all exports.
- To increase the tax base by bringing more number of tax payers and increase tax revenue.
- To simplify tax return procedures through common forms and avoidance of visiting tax departments.
- To provide online facilities for payment of taxes and submission of forms. Goods and Services Network (GSTN), a robust Information Technology system has been created for the operation of GST.
Question 8.
Briefly explain the functions of GST council.
Answer:
- The GST Council will oversee the implementation of the GST.
- But the Central Board of Excise and Customs is responsible for administration of the CGST and IGST Acts.
- The Council makes recommendations on rate of GST, apportionment of IGST, exemptions, model GST laws, etc.
- The Chairman of the Council is the Union Finance Minister. The Minister of State in the Finance Ministry and all Finance Ministers of the State Governments shall be its members.
- The Central Government shall have l/3rd voting power and all State Governments shall have 2/3rd voting powers.
- All decisions of the Council can be passed only with 3/4th of the total votes. Each state has one vote, irrespective of its size or population. Twenty four council meetings were held until 2017.
Question 9.
Explain IGST with an example.
Answer:
IGST – Inter State Goods and Services Tax – imposed and collected by the Central Government and the revenue shared with States under IGST Act 2017.
Question 10.
Write any three demerits of UGST.
Answer:
- Several Economists says that GST in India would impact negatively on the real estate market. It would add up to 8 percent to the cost of new homes and reduce demand by about 12 percent.
- Another criticism is that CGST, SGST are
nothing but new names for Central Excise/ Service Tax, VAT and CST. Hence, there is no major reduction in the number of tax layers. - A number of retail products currently have only four percent tax on them. After GST, garments and clothes could become more expensive.
- The aviation industry would be affected. Service taxes on airfares currently range from six to nine percent. With GST, this rate will surpass fifteen percent and effectively double the tax rate.
- Adoption and migration to the new GST system would involve teething troubles and learning for the entire ecosystem.
Question 11.
Distinguish between Direct taxes and Indirect taxes.
Answer:
Basis |
Direct Taxes |
Indirect Taxes |
Meaning | If a tax levied on the income or wealth of a person is paid by that person (or his office) directly to the Government, it is called direct tax. | If tax is levied on the goods or services of a person is collected from the buyers by another person (seller) and paid by him to the Government it is called indirect tax. |
Incidence and Impact | Falls on the same person. Imposed on the income of a person and paid by the same person. | Falls on different persons. Imposed on the sellers but collected from the consumers and paid by sellers. |
Burden | More income attracts more income tax. Tax burden is progressive on people. | Rate of tax is flat on all individuals. Therefore more income individuals pay less and lesser portion of their income as tax. Tax burden is regressive. |
Evasion | Tax evasion is possible. | Tax evasion is more difficult. |
Inflation | Direct tax helps in reducing the inflation. | Indirect tax contributes to inflation. |
Shiftability | Cannot be shifted to others. | Can be shifted to others. |
Examples | Income Tax, Wealth Tax, Capital Gains Tax, Securities Transaction Tax, Perquisites Tax. | GST, Excise Duty. |
Question 12.
Discuss the different kinds of GST.
Answer:
GST is of three kinds: CGST, SGST/UGST, and IGST.
(i) CGST:
Central Goods and Services Tax imposed and collected by the Central Government on all supply of goods within a state (intra-state) under CGST Act 2017.
(ii) SGST:
State Goods and Services Tax imposed and collected by the State Governments under State GST Act. (Tamil Nadu GST Act 2017 passed by Tamil Nadu Govt.)
(iii) UGST:
Union Territory Goods and Services Tax – imposed and collected by the five Union Territory Administrations in India under UGST Act 2017.
(iv) IGST:
Inter-State Goods and Services Tax imposed and collected by the Central Government and the revenue shared with States under IGST Act 2017.
(v) IGST on exports:
All exports are treated as Inter-State supply under GST. Since exports are zero rated, GST is not imposed on all goods and services exported from India. Any input‘credit paid already on exports will be refunded.
Question 13.
Elucidate the merits of GST.
Answer:
(A) Benefits of GST to the Society and country:
- Unified common national market will attract more foreign investment. GST has integrated the economy of all States and Union Territories.
- It brings parity in taxation among imported goods and Indian manufactured goods. All imported goods will be charged with IGST which will be more or less equivalent to the total of CGST and SGST levied on manufactured goods.
- Removal of several taxes will make the price of Indian products more competitive at world market.
- It will boost manufacturing, export, GDP leading to economic growth through increase in economic activity.
- Creation of more employment opportunities which will result in poverty eradication.
- It will bring more tax compliance (more tax payers) and increase revenue to the Governments.
(B) To the business community:
- SimplerTax System with fewer exemptions. 17 taxes were abolished and one tax exists today.
- Input tax credit will reduce cascading effect of taxes. Reduction in average tax burden will encourage manufacturers and help “Make in India” campaign and make India as a manufacturing hub.
- Common procedures, common classification of goods and services and timelines will lend greater certainty to taxation system.
- GSTN facility will reduce multiple record keeping, lesser investment in manpower and resources and improve efficiency.
- All interactions will be through common GSTN portal and will ensure corruption free administration.
To the Consumers:
(i) Input tax credit allowed will lower the prices to the consumers.
(ii) All small retailers will get exemption and purchases from them will cost less for the consumers.
Question 14.
Compare CGST, SGST and IGST.
Answer:
Choose the Correct Answer:
Question 1.
Who is the Chairman of the GST Council?
(a) RBI Governor
(b) Finance Minister
(c) Prime Minister
(d) President of India
Answer:
(b) Finance Minister
Question 2.
GST Stands for:
(a) goods and supply tax
(b) government salesdax
(c) goods and services tax
(d) general Sales Tax
Answer:
(c) goods and services tax
Question 3.
What kind of Tax the GST is?
(a) Direct Tax
(b) Indirect Tax
(c) Dependence on the Type of Goods and Services
(d) All Business Organisations
Answer:
(b) Indirect Tax
Question 4.
What is IGST?
(a) Integrated Goods and Service Tax
(b) Indian Goods and Service Tax
(c) Initial Goods and Service Tax
(d) All the Above
Answer:
(a) Integrated Goods and Service Tax
Question 5.
In India GST became effective from?
(a) 1st April, 2017
(b) 1st January, 2017
(c) 1st July, 2017
(d) 1st March, 2017
Answer:
(b) 1st January, 2017
Samacheer Kalvi 11th Commerce Notes Chapter 33 Indirect Taxation
→ Indirect tax is levied on goods and services. It is collected from the buyers by the sellers and paid by the sellers to the government. Since it is indirectly imposed on the buyers it is called indirect tax.
eg: GST. Goods and Service Tax, Excise duty.
→ Direct tax helps in reducing the inflation.
→ Direct tax cannot be shifted to others.
→ Direct tax falls on same person imposed on the income of a person and paid by the same person.
→ Indirect tax can be shifted to others.
→ Indirect tax contributes the inflation.
→ Indirect tax falls on different persons, imposed on the sellers but collected from the consumer and paid by the sellers.