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Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Guide Pdf Term 1 Poem 2 Farmer’s Friend Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Solutions Term 1 Poem 2 Farmer’s Friend

5th English Guide Farmer’s Friend Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Let us Understand:

A. Match the rhyming words:

Answer:

B. Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
It ploughs soil before _______.
Answer:
Farmer

Question 2.
It is used in the fisher’s _______.
Answer:
Hooks

Question 3.
We don’t use _______ in the soil.
Answer:
Chemicals

Question 4.
Be humble like a _______.
Answer:
Worm

C. Answer the questions:

Question 1.
How do we see the earthworm often?
Answer:
We see the earthworm often as filth.

Question 2.
What does it give to the farmer?
Answer:
It gives the farmer a reward of wealth.

Question 3.
Why don’t we use chemicals?
Answer:
We don’t use chemicals because it will harm the soil (the earth).

Question 4.
How do we work?
Answer:
We work without thinking to harm anyone.

Let us Know:

Past Continous Tense (கடந்த கால தொடர் நிலை):

Continuous tense is a category of verb tenses. Here we will see the past continuous tense.
You all know forms of verbs. Those are
தொடர்நிலை காலம் என்பது கால வகைகளில் ஒரு வகை. இங்கு நாம் கடந்த கால தொடர்நிலை பற்றி காண்போம்.
வினைச்சொற்களின் வகைகள் நாம் அறிந்ததே. அவையாவன:

The present participle form is used in past continuous tense with auxiliaries was and were. Come let us use it.

In the above examples you can see, the main action is in present participle form for all the subjects, and the
auxiliary alone changes.
மேற்கண்ட எடுத்துக்காட்டுகளில், நிகழ்கால எச்ச வினையோடு, துணை வினைச் சொற்கள், subject-ஐ பொறுத்து
மாறுகின்றன.

‘was’ is used for I, he, she, and it. [I, he, she, it so ‘was’]
‘were’ is used for you, we, and they. [you, we, they -es. ‘were’]

Give the correct verb form for the following sentences:

Question 1.
I _______ (read) the poem.
Answer:
was reading

Question 2.
They _______ (write) the poem.
Answer:
were writing

Question 3.
It _______ (go) to Delhi.
Answer:
was going

Question 4.
she _______ (draw) a picture.
Answer:
was drawing

Question 5.
We _______ (eat) fruits.
Answer:
were eating

Question 6.
He _______ (watch) movie.
Answer:
was watching

Question 7.
You _______ (make) lunch.
Answer:
were making

Let us see when to use the past continuous tense:

1. At some point in the past.
   I was writing my homework at 5 PM yesterday.
   
2. Parallel Actions.
   What was your brother doing then?
   When I was writing my homework, he was watching TV.
   
3. Interrupted action in the past.
   Yes, when I entered his house, his mother was reading newspaper.
   

Write what they were doing at 5 o clock yesterday?
(நேற்று 5 மணிக்கு இவர்கள் என்ன செய்து கொண்டு இருந்தார்கள்?)

Question 1.
I _______ cricket with my friends.
Answer:
was playing

Question 2.
My mother _______ TV.
Answer:
was watching

Question 3.
We _______ mango.
Answer:
were eating

Question 4.
My friends _______ their bicycles.
Answer:
were riding

Question 5.
Mohan _______ a letter
Answer:
was writing

Question 6.
The bell _______ loudly.
Answer:
was ringing

See and write what they were doing:

Question 1.
While I was writing,
he _______.
Answer:
was sleeping

Question 2.
While the boy was playing,
the girl _______.
Answer:
was reading

Question 3.
While my mother was cooking,
my father _______.
Answer:
was chopping

Future continuous Tense (எதிர்கால தொடர் நிலை):

Now, we are going to see the future continuous tense. You all know forms of verbs. Those are;

The same present participle form is used in future continuous tense with auxiliary will be. Come let us use it.
நிகழ்கால எச்சவினையே எதிர்கால தொடர்நிலையில் will be உடன் சேர்த்து பயன்படுத்தப்படுகிறது.

In the above examples you can see, the main action is in present participle form and the auxiliary is ‘will be’ for
all the subjects.

Give the correct verb form for following sentences:

Question 1.
I _______ (wait) for you.
Answer:
will be waiting

Question 2.
They _______ (come).
Answer:
will be coming

Question 3.
It _______ play.
Answer:
will be playing

Question 4.
She _______ (swim).
Answer:
will be swimming

Question 5.
we _______ (drink).
Answer:
will be drinking

Question 6.
He _______ (do).
Answer:
will be doing

Question 7.
You _______ (take) leave.
Answer:
will be taking

How to use the future continuous tense? (எதிர்கால தொடர்நிலையை எப்படி பயன்படுத்துவது?)

I will be travelling on a bus by this time tomorrow.

My friends will be playing but I am working here.

Uma’s family is going on holiday. Write about what they will be doing there.
(உமாவின் குடும்பம் விடுமுறைக்கு செல்கிறார்கள். அவர்கள் அங்கே என்ன செய்து கொண்டிருப்பார்கள் என எழுதுக.)

1. Uma will be swimming.
   
2. Her brother will be playing.
   
3. Her brother will be climbing.
   
4. Her father will be playing music.
   
5. Her mother will be catching fish.
   
6. Her brother will be taking photographs.
   

Past Continuous to Future Continous (கடந்தகால தொடர் நிலையை எதர்கால தொடர்நிலையாக மாற்றுதல்):

Change the sentences from past continuous to future continuous:

Question 1.
She was waiting for bus.
Answer:
She will be waiting for bus.

Question 2.
They were going to Coimbatore.
Answer:
They will be going to Coimbatore

Question 3.
Suresh was playing chess.
Answer:
Suresh will be playing chess

Question 4.
Rafiq was eating breakfast.
Answer:
Rafiq will be eating breakfast

Question 5.
Prasanth was reading newspaper.
Answer:
Prasanth will be reading newspaper.

Future Continuous to Past Continuous (எதிர்கால தொடர் நிலையை கடந்தகால தொடர்நிலையாக மாற்றுதல்):

Change the sentences from future continuous to past continuous:

Question 1.
I will be speaking to her.
Answer:
I was speaking to her.

Question 2.
Lucy will be getting ready.
Answer:
Lucy was getting ready

Question 3.
The train will be arriving on the 2nd platform.
Answer:
The train was arriving on the 2nd platform

Question 4.
We will be sleeping on terrace.
Answer:
We were sleeping on terrace

Question 5.
It will be raining heavily.
Answer:
It was raining heavily.

Let us Listen:
Dialogue :

Kothai: Hai Akshaya, how are you?
Akshaya: Hello Kothai I am fine and what about you?
Kothai: I am also fine, okay meet my brother Varun.
Akshaya: Nice to meet you, Varun.
Varun: Nice to meet you too.
Akshaya: What are you studying, Varun?
Varun: I am studying 2nd standard.
Kothai: He is here to play kho-kho with us.
Akshaya: Oh! He is always welcome. I take him on my team.

Circle yes or no to the following:

Question 1.
Three persons are involved in the dialogue.
Answer:
Yes

Question 2.
Varun is studying 4th standard.
Answer:
No

Question 3.
Akshaya is Varun’s sister.
Answer:
No

Question 4.
They play Kho-Kho.
Answer:
Yes

Question 5.
Varun plays in Kothai team.
Answer:
No

Let us Speak:

See how they speak at this situation and practice as if you were in that situation:

Son: Ma… I am at home. Where are you?
Mother: I am in the kitchen.
Son: I am so hungry. What is there to eat?
Mother: I have made your favorite kozhukattai.
Son: Wow! Where is it? Where is kozhukattai?
Mother: It is there. But you look dirty, go and freshen up.
Son: I wash my hands later. first, you give it to me.
Mother: No! Go and change your uniform.
Son: Ma, I have changed my uniform. Now give me the delicious kozhukattai.
Mother: Good boy, now you can have it.
Son: The kozhukattai is yummy. Thank you ma.
Mother: You are welcome.

5th English Guide Farmer’s Friend Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What does the earthworm give to the soil?
Answer:
The Earthworm gives good health to the soil.

Question 2.
How does the earthworm work?
Answer:
The earthworm ploughs the soil before the farmer.

Question 3.
Where does earthworm toil?
Answer:
The earthworm toils on fishing hooks.

Question 4.
Who shies to show his looks?
Answer:
The earthworm shies to show his looks.

Question 5.
What is the moral of the poem?
Answer:
Be humble like the earthworm and don’t think to harm anyone.

Write the past continuous tense for the following:

Question 1.
While I was reading the essay, my sister _______ (write) in a notebook.
Answer:
was writing

Question 2.
While our teacher was teaching the lesson, we _______ (listen).
Answer:
we’re listening

Question 3.
While the doctor was giving an injection, the child _______ (cry).
Answer:
was crying

Question 4.
When I saw them last evening, they _______ (watch) on the TV.
Answer:
were watching

Question 5.
We _______ (talk) about all sorts of things.
Answer:
were.

Write the future continuous tense for the following:

Question 1.
He _______ (come) soon.
Answer:
will be coming

Question 2.
She _______ (plan) about her studies.
Answer:
will be planning

Question 3.
They _______ (make) preparations for their exams.
Answer:
will be making

Question 4.
She _______ (help) you.
Answer:
will be helping

Question 5.
You _______ (get) your salary on 10th only.
Answer:
will be getting

Change the sentences from past continuous to future continuous:

Question 1.
He was writing a letter.
Answer:
He will be writing a letter

Question 2.
She was driving her car.
Answer:
She will be driving her car

Question 3.
The dog was barking at them.
Answer:
The dog will be barking at them

Question 4.
He was taking selfies at the function.
Answer:
He will be taking selfies at the function

Question 5.
It was raining yesterday.
Answer:
It will be raining tomorrow

Change the sentences from future continuous to past continuous:

Question 1.
She will be washing her clothes.
Answer:
She was washing her clothes

Question 2.
He will be decorating his room.
Answer:
He was decorating his room

Question 3.
The children will be laughing at his comedy speech.
Answer:
The children were laughing at his comedy speech

Question 4.
You will be talking to him.
Answer:
You were talking to him

Question 5.
They will be abusing us.
Answer:
They were abusing us

Farmer’s Friend Summary in English and Tamil

Often seen as filth.
But gives the soil good health
To reward the farmer with wealth.

விவசாயியின் நண்பன்
ஆனால் மண்ணுக்கு நல்ல ஆரோக்யத்தைத் தருகிறது.
விவசாயிக்குஅழுக்குடன் அடிக்கடி காணப்படுகிறது
செல்வம் வெகுமதியளிக்கிறது.

Ploughs the soil before farmer.,
Use not the chemicals to harm her .
Please praise our mother land’sarmour.

விவசாயிக்கு முன்பே நிலத்தை உழுகிறது
இரசாயனத்தைப் பயன்படுத்தி நிலமங்கைக்கு கேடு விளைவிக்காமல்.
நமது அன்னை பூமியின் கவசத்தை தயவுசெய்து பாராட்டுங்கள்.

Shy to show his looks.
Toils often on fishing hooks
To give the fisher something to cook.

விவசாயியின் நண்பன்
தனது தோற்றத்தைக் காண்பிக்க
மீன்பிடி தூண்டிலில் அடிக்கடி போராடுகிறது.
மீன்பிடிப்பவருக்கு சமைக்க சிலவற்றைக் கிடைக்கக் செய்கிறது.

Be humble like a worm
Think no one to harm
You will be free to spread your charm.

ஒரு (மண்) புழுவைப் போல பணிவாக இருங்கள்
யாருக்கும் கேடு செய்ய நினைக்காதீர்கள்
உங்கள் அழகை எவ்வித தடையுமின்றி நீங்கள் பரப்புவீர்கள்.

Farmer’s Friend Glossary:

Armour – Shield (கவசம்)
Charm – Delight attraction, appeal (வசீகரம்)
Filth – Dirt,ugly (அழுக்கு , அசிங்கம்)
Harm – Making physical injury (காயப்படுத்துதல், கேடு விளைவித்தல்)
Hook – A curved or sharply bent device (வளைந்த கூரான கொக்கி)
Humble – Not proud (பணிவு, தாழ்மை )
Often – Frequently (அடிக்கடி)
Ploughs – Tills (உழுதல்)
Praise – Compliment (பாராட்டுதல்)
Reward – Pay (வெகுமதியளித்தல்)
shy – reserve, diffidence (கூச்சம்)
spread – disseminate (பரப்புதல்)
toils – work extremely hard (கடினமாக உழைத்தல் / போராடுதல்) ‘
worm – soft-bodied legless invertebrate (புழு)

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Pdf Term 1 Chapter 2 Matter and Materials Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 2 Matter and Materials

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide  Matter and Materials Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Pick out the odd one :

Question 1.
brick, coir, silk cloth, pine apple
Answer:
Silk cloth

Question 2.
stone, rubber band, cycle tube, electric wire
Answer:
Stone

Question 3.
sun, candle, torch, pen
Answer:
Pen

Question 4.
umbrella, sponge, rain coat, jerkin
Answer:
Sponge

Question 5.
glass bottle, exam pad, paper plate, wooden board
Answer:
Glass bottle

II. Fill in the Blanks :

Question 1.
Materials which can be compressed or cut easily are called __________.
Answer:
Soft materials

Question 2.
Gold and diamond are the examples of ___________ materials.
Answer:
Shiny

Question 3.
Materials which can be bent or stretched easily are called ___________.
Answer:
Flexible

Question 4.
__________ objects allow all the light to pass through them.
Answer:
Transparent

Question 5.
___________ is the natural source that stimulates sight and makes things
Answer:
Light

III. Match the following: (Text Book Page No. 101)

Question 1.

Answer:

IV. Say True or False :

Question 1.
We cannot compress, cut or bend the rough materials easily.
Answer:
False

Question 2.
Dull materials reflect light.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Sand paper is a good example for smooth materials.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Opaque objects do not allow light to pass through them.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Mirrors change the direction of light that fall on them.
Answer:
True

V. Answer the following questions :

Question 1.
When can you say a material is waterproof material?
Answer:
Materials that do not allow water to pass through them are called water proof material.
Example: raincoat, aluminium foil of tablet strip.

Question 2.
What is a light source?
Answer:
The objects that give off light are called light source.
Example: Sun or sources like an electric lamp or a bulb

Question 3.
What is the difference between transparent and opaque materials?
Answer:

Question 4.
Define reflection.
Answer:
The bouncing of light by any smooth or polished surface is called

Question 5.
Classify the objects given below as transparent, translucent or opaque materials.

Answer:
(Air, Rock, Water, Aluminium foil, Mirror, Snow, Wooden board, Polythene bag, CD, Oil soaked paper, Glass tumbler and Coloured glass)

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide  Matter and Materials Intext Questions and Answers

Try to Answer :(Text Book Page No. 95)

Question 1.
Look at the pictures and identify the materials by which they are made of :
(paper, clay, glass, wood, plastic, metal rubber, wax)

Answer:

Try to Answer :(Text Book Page No. 96)

Question 1.
Match the objects that are made of same material

Answer:

1. (a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 2
2. (a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 3
3. (a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 1

Try to Answer :(Text Book Page No. 96)

Write whether the given materials are hard or soft.
Question 1.

Answer:

Try to Answer :(Text Book Page No. 97)
Sort the given objects as rough or smooth.
Question 1.

Answer:

Try to Answer :(Text Book Page No. 97)

Text the flexibility.

Give one plastic scale and wooden scale to the students. Ask them to bend. Tabulate their observation (bends, does not
bend).
Question 1.

Answer:

Try to Answer :(Text Book Page No. 99)

Write whether the objects are transparent, translucent or opaque.
Question 1.

Answer:

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide  Matter and Materials Additional Questions and Answers

I. pick out the odd one :

Question 1.
Rope, Salt paper, Mirror Ball, Wood
Answer:
Mirror Ball

Question 2.
glass, raincoat, aluminum foil, tablet strip
Answer:
Glass

Question 3.
candle, mirror, silk cloth, tiles
Answer:
Candle

Question 4.
stainless steel, foam, gold, diamond
Answer:
Foam

II. Say True or False :

Question 1.
A block of wood is opaque.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
A clear window is opaque.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Soft materials can be early compressed.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Smooth materials do not have ups and downs
Answer:
True

III. Match the following :
Question 1.

Answer:

1.  – b
2.  – a
3.  – d
4.  – c

IV.Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
Soft material
(a) Rope
(b) Soap
(c) Salt paper
(d) Stone
Answer:
(b) Soap

Question 2.
Which material is transparent?
(a) Glass
(b) White plastic
(c) Coir
(d) Snow
Answer:
(a) Glass

Question 3.
An object that blocks all of the light from passing through is
(a) Transparent
(b) Clear
(c) Opaque
(d) Translucent
Answer:
(c) Opaque

Question 4.
Which among the following is an example of dull material?
(a) Stainless steel
(b) Gold
(c) Candle
(d) Diamond
Answer:
(c) Candle

Question 5.
Materials which have ups and and downs on their surface are called .
(a) Smooth material
(b) Rough material
(c) Shiny material
(d) Hard material
Answer:
(b) Rough material

Question 6.
Rubber band is an example of
(a) Rough material
(b) Flexible material
(c) Rigid material
(d) Smooth material
Answer:
(b) Flexible material

V. Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
__________ through which light can pass partially.
Answer:
Translucent

Question 2.
___________ through which light can pass completely.
Answer:
Transparent

Question 3.
____________ through which light cannot pass.
Answer:
Opaque

Question 4.
Materials which reflect the light well are called ____________
Answer:
Shiny material

VI. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences :

Question 1.
Name some examples for shiny materials?
Answer:
Materials which reflect the light well are called shiny materials.
Example: Stainless steel, gold and diamond.

Question 2.
What is material?
Answer:
The matter from which a thing is made of is called Material.
For example: Chair is made of wood, Eraser is made of rubber, Candle is made of wax.

Question 3.
Differentiate hard and soft materials.
Answer:

Question 4.
What happens when light hits a transparent object?
Answer:

• Transparent objects allow the light to pass through them.
• So, we can see other objects clearly through Transparent Objects.
• Examples: Air, glass and pure water.

Question 5.
What is Translucent objects? Give an example.
Answer:

• Translucent objects allow some light to pass through them. So, we cannot see objects clearly, but we see them as blurred images through them.
• Examples: Paper soaked in oil, snow and vegetable oil.

Question 6.
What is light sources?
Answer:

• Light may come either from the Sun or from other sources like an electric lamp or a bulb.
• The objects that give off light are called light sources.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Guide Pdf Term 1 Poem 1 Beyond the Universe Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Solutions Term 1 Poem 1 Beyond the Universe

5th English Guide Beyond the Universe Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Let us understand:

A. Match the planets and its feature:

Answer:

B. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Where is the poet going in the dream?
Answer:
The poet is going beyond the Earth in his dream.

Question 2.
Which planet has rings around it?
Answer:
Saturn has rings around it.

Question 3.
Which planet has a red storm?
Answer:
Jupiter has a red storm.

Question 4.
Why does the poet fly out of the universe?
Answer:
The poet flies out of the universe to meet the creator.

Question 5.
Name the planets the poet flies through.
Answer:
Mars, Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune are the planets the poet flies through.

Let us Know:

Collective Nouns:

• To indicate any group we use collective nouns.
• A collection/ group of cows is called a herd of cows.

Some Examples:

A. Write the Collective Nouns:

Question 1.

Answer:

Question 2.

Answer:

B. Match the picture with the collective nouns:

Answer:

Hi Somu, I find happiness in sharing my ideas. Now let me show you another kind of naming word.
சில வார்த்தைகளை நாம் உணரவும், அனுபவிக்கவும் மட்டுமே முடியும். அவற்றை நாம் பார்க்கவோ, தொடவோ முடியாது இவ்வகை வார்த்தைகள் abstract nouns என்றழைக்கப்படும்.

1. There are some naming words that can be only felt and experienced.
2. We can not see or touch them.
3. For example, we can not see happiness. But we can feel and experience it.
4. These naming words are called abstract nouns.

Some Examples:

More Examples:

• Honesty
• Wisdom
• Beauty
• Hope
• Luck
• Mercy
• Pride
• Life

A. Pick the abstract noun:

Question 1.
He takes pride in his job.
Answer:
pride

Question 2.
The dove is a symbol of peace.
Answer:
Peace

Question 3.
My grandmother is full of wisdom.
Answer:
Wisdom

Question 4.
Iniya is very tall for her age.
Answer:
Age

Question 5.
Prem felt a lot of anger.
Answer:
Anger

B. Colour the stars with the Abstract Nouns:

Answer:

Let us listen:

Railway Announcement:

1. To the kind attention of passengers the train No 12675 the Kovai superfast express bound from Chennai to Coimbatore, via Walajah road,
   Salem is arriving shortly on platform No 2.
2. To the kind attention of passengers the train No 16182, the Silambu express bound from Sengottai to Chennai Egmore, via Aruppukkottai,
   Tiruchchirappalli, Villupuram is departing shortly from platform No 6.
3. May I have your attention please the train No 12641, the thirukkural superfast express bound from Kanniyakumari to New Delhi via Chennai, Nagpur, Jhansi was expected to arrive at 11.40 is now running late by 2 hours. The inconvenience cause is deeply regretted.

Tick the correct one after listening to the announcement:

Question 1.
The Kovai Superfast Express is arriving on platform no _____.
(a) 2
(b) 6
(c) 4.
Answer:
(a) 2

Question 2.
The train no of the Silambu Express is _____.
(a) 12675
(b) 16182
(c) 12641
Answer:
(b) 16182

Question 3.
The Thirukkural Superfast Express is late by _____.
(a) 2 hours
(b) 3 hours
(c) 1 hour
Answer:
(a) 2 hours

Let us Speak:

See how they speak in this situation and practice as if you were in that situation.

Mozhi: Hello uncle, please come in.
Uncle: How are you Mozhi?
Mozhi: I am fine uncle, please take your seat.
Uncle: Thank you. Where is your dad?
Mozhi: He is taking bath. Wait uncle, I will inform him.
Uncle: It’s okay ma. Let him come.
Mozhi: Can I get you some coffee to drink?
Uncle: Thanks ma, but I had coffee just now.
Mozhi: Then how about some buttermilk uncle.
Uncle: That would be nice.
Mozhi: Here is your buttermilk uncle.
Uncle: It is really nice, thank you ma.
Mozhi: You are welcome uncle.

5th English Guide Beyond the Universe Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Where would the poet stop?
Answer:
The poet would stop by the red planet Mars.

Question 2.
What does the poet dream?
Answer:
The poet dreams of having a home away from home.

Question 3.
What is the specialty of the planet Saturn?
Answer:
Saturn appears with its ring and also it has several moons.

Question 4.
How does the red storm look like?
Answer:
The red storm looks like marbles.

Question 5.
Which planet is referred to as “blue ice giant”?
Answer:
The planet Neptune is referred to as “blue ice giant”.

Choose the abstract noun from the given four options:

Question 1.
a) diagram
b) divorce
c) Easter
d) founder
Answer:
b) Divorce

Question 2.
a)faith
b)spot
c)Facebook
d)Microsoft
Answer:
a) Faith

Question 3.
a)Paris
b)shoe
c)liberty
d)dog
Answer:
c) Liberty

Question 4.
a)palace
b)book
c)boy
d)pain
Answer:
d) Pain

Question 5.
a)speed
b)grave
c)writer
d)Jupiter
Answer:
a) Speed

Beyond the Universe Summary in English and Tamil

I dream of flying beyond the Earth, amidst the planets and the countless stars.
I would stop by the red planet Mars, here we dream of a home away from home.

நான் பூமிக்கு அப்பால் பறப்பதைப் போலகனவு காண்கிறேன்.
பல கோள்கள் மற்றும் எண்ணற்ற நட்சத்திரங்களுக்கு மத்தியில்,
நான் செவ்வாய் கோளில் நின்று விடுவேன், நம் வீட்டுக்கு அப்பால் இங்கு ஒரு வீடு இருக்க வேண்டுமென நாம் கனவு காண்கிறோம்.

Fly on, to watch the Saturn,
with its ring and moons.
Then, I stopped by Jupiter, marvelled,
by its red storms that look like marbles.

அது வளையம் மற்றும் நிலவுகளுடன்
சிவப்பு புயல்களுடன் அது பளிங்கு போல பிறகு, காட்சியளிக்கிறது.
வியாழன் கோளில் நின்றேன்.
சனி கோளை பார்க்கப் பறக்கிறேன், காணப்படுகிறது.

Hurdling through a belt of asteroids,
I crossed Uranus, without a fuss.
To Neptune, the blue ice giant,
Further high, I fly, beyond the galaxy.

குறுங்கோள்களால் ஏற்பட்ட தடைகளைத் தாண்டி
எவ்வித இடையூறும் இன்றி யுரேனஸை நான் கடந்தேன்.
மிகப்பெரிய வடிவில், நீலநிற ஐஸ் போன்ற நெப்டியூனுக்குச் சென்றேன்.
மேலும் உயரே சென்று, நட்சத்திர மண்டலத்திற்கு அப்பால் நான் பறக்கிறேன்.

To meet the creator,
Of this Magnificent display.
To take me beyond the Milky Way,
To voyage across the galaxies.

இந்த அற்புதமான காட்சியைப் படைத்தவரைச் சந்திக்கப் பறக்கிறேன்.
இந்த பால்வெளிக்கு அப்பால் என்னை எடுத்துச் செல்லவும்,
நட்சத்திர மண்டலங்களுக்கு குறுக்கே பயணம் செய்யவும் நான் கனவு காண்கிறேன்.

Beyond the Universe Glossary:
Amidst – Surrounded by (சூழப்பட்ட)
Asteroids – Small solar system bodies that revolve around the sun (சூரியனைச் சுற்றி வரும் குறுங்கோள்கள்)
Beyond – Outside the limits or reach (அப்பால்)
Countless – Innumerable
Creator – God (படைத்தவர் – கடவுள்)
Crossed – Moved from one place to other (கடந்து செல்வது)
Display – Show (காட்சி)
Dream – To have as an aspiration
Further – To move ahead (மேலும்)
Fuss – Disturbance (இடையூறு)
Galaxy – A large system of stars, milky way system (நட்ச த்திர மண்ட லம்)
Giant – A thing of great size
Hurdling – Racing over the barriers (தடைகளைத் தாண்டி)
Magnificient – Splendid (அற்புதமான)
Marbles – A little ball of glass or clay, used by children to play (பளிங்கு கற்கள்)
Marveling – Something that causes wonder (வியப்பை ஏற்படுத்துவது)
Resembles – To be like or similar to (ஒரே மாதிரி தோன்றுவது)
Ring – Circle of tiny ice crystals around Saturn (சனியை சுற்றியுள்ள-வளையம்)
Watch – Look (பார்த்த ல்)

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Pdf Term 3 Chapter 2 Life of Animals Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Solutions Term 3 Chapter 2 Life of Animals

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Life of Animals Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. WHO AM I?

Question 1.
My group is called colony __________
Answer:
Ant

Question 2.
Our home is nest ____________
Answer:
Birds

Question 3.
My feet are broad to help me walk in the sand __________
Answer:
Camel

Question 4.
I use sound navigation to find the objects in my path ___________
Answer:
Bats

Question 5.
I am active during day time as well as night time ___________
Answer:
Lion

II. Fill In the blanks :

Question 1.
The animals which are active at night are called ___________
Answer:
Nocturnal animals

Question 2.
____________ is best known for parental care.
Answer:
Kangaroo

Question 3.
The group of owls are called __________
Answer:
Parliament

Question 4.
___________ lives in hives.
Answer:
Bees

Question 5.
___________ bites us and sucks our blood.
Answer:
Vampire bats

III. Match the following :

Question 1.

Answer:

IV. Answer the following questions In brief :

Question 1.
Why do birds build nests?
Answer:
Birds build nests for their young ones.

Question 2.
What is meant by structural adaptation?
Answer:
Changes in the physical features of the animal are called structural ‘ adaptations.
Example: Polar bears living in cold climate have physical adaptations, such as thick fur and short ears to reduce heat loss.

Question 3.
Define echolocation.
Answer:
Bats produce ultrasonic sound which helps the bats find their way at night and find out the objects on their path. This is called “Echolocation”.

Question 4.
How do ants feel the vibration?
Answer:
Ants feel the vibrations in the ground through their feet.

Question 5.
List out any three animals that live in groups.
Answer:

1. Lion
2. Elephants
3. Wild beast

Question 6.
Why do birds fly in ‘V’ shape?
Answer:
Birds fly in “V” shape to reduce wind resistance.

V. Give short answers :

Question 1.
Why do animals live in groups?
Answer:
Animals live in groups for

• Procuring food
• Taking care of young ones
• Protection from predators.
• Division of labour
• Energy conservation
• Finding mate easily

Question 2.
Explain the three main body regions of insect.
Answer:
Insects have three main body regions. They are; Head, thorax, and the abdomen. All parts of the insect are inside an exoskeleton.

1. Head: The main visible parts on the head are the large compound eyes, the antennae (feelers) and the mouth parts.
2. Thorax; It is the middle region of the body. It bears three pairs of legs and two pairs of wings.
3. Abdomen It is the last part of the insect body. Abdomen of most of the insects have clear segmentation.

Question 3.
What are nocturnal animals?
Answer:

• Some animals sleep in the day time and are very active at night. Such animals are called nocturnal animals.
  Example: Owl.

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Life of Animals In Text Questions and Answers

Activity (Text Book Page No. 77)

Question 1.
Match the animals to their group behaviour

Answer:

Activity (Text Book Page No. 80)

Question 1.
Observe any animal in your surrounding and write a creative short story about it.
Answer:
I have a little dog named Tommy. He is a faithful dog to our family. He used to take care of me and my family. Mother always trust Tommy because he never allow anyone to touch me. Tommy is a really happy dog and loves going for walks and runs on the beach.

One unlucky day, he was hit by a car. One of his leg was severely injured. The doctors could not heal the injury. But the physical handicap does not make anyone useless, still he used to take care of me and my family with love.

Activity (Text Book Page No. 82)

Question 1.
Who am I ?
Answer:

Activity (Text Book Page No. 83)

Question 1.
Fill in the missing words.
Answer:
Butterfly has three body parts like all other insects the head, the thorax (chest), and the abdomen (bottom). The butterfly has four wings and six legs are attached to the thorax. Butterfly use its two antenna to smell.

Activity (Text Book Page No. 84)

Question 1.
Place a few sugar cubes in a plate. After sometime, you can see some ants visiting the plate.
Answer:
Because ants have sense of sight, smell, taste & touch.

Activity (Text Book Page No. 85)

Question 1.
Word search puzzle – Nocturnal Animals

Answer:

Activity (Text Book Page No. 86)

Question 1.
Animal Observations

Answer:

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Life of Animals Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answers :
Question 1.
___________ have sensitive skin wich can feel even small vibrations in the water.
Answer:
(a) Dolphins
(b) Fish
(c) Alligator
Answer:
(c) Alligator

Question 2.
__________ hold hands while they are sleeping so that they don’t draft apart.
(a) sea horse
(b) sea otters
(c) sea monsters
Answer:
(b) sea otters

Question 3.
Giraffes have developed very long necks because of their _____________.
(a) environmental demands
(b) caring nature
(c) to protect from predators
Answer:
(a) environmental demands

Question 4.
The compound eyes of ___________ are made up of small units called ommatidia.
(a) birds
(b) insects
(c) fishes
Answer:
(b) insects

Question 5.
____________ have thorns on their body to fight against their enemies.
(a) Tiger
(b) Deer
(c) Porcupines
Answer:
(c) Porcupines

II. Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
Tigers and Zebras have lines so they can __________ themselves (admire / hide)
Answer:
Hide

Question 2.
___________ behaviour includes the activities of an animal and its interactions with other organisms. (Wild / animal)
Answer:
Animal

Question 3.
__________ dont build individual nests. (Social weavers / birds)
Answer:
Social weavers

Question 4.
Animals that are active during day time are known as _____________ animals. (diurnal animals / nocturnal animals)
Answer:
Diurnal animals

Question 5.
____________ increases the survival rate and improves the quality of young one. (parental care / education)
Answer:
Parental care

III. True or False :

Question 1.
Animals like elephants, squirrels do dream during sleep.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
All birds are the same in all activities
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Birds fly in V shape to reduce wind resistance.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Adaptation is the best essential factor of all living beings
Answer:
False

Question 5.
Dog shivers to generate more heat.
Answer:
True

IV. Match the following :

Question 1.

Answer:

1. – c
2. – a
3. – d
4. – b

V. Answer the following :

Question 1.
Do all birds build nest?
Answer:
Not all the bird species build nests. Some of them lay their eggs on the ground or in gap between rocks.

Question 2.
Though green heron cannot swim, it stills cats fish from the water. How?
Answer:
It drops colourful leaves and fruits into the water. When the fishes pop out to investigate, the heron catches them.

Question 3.
What is group behavior?
Answer:

• Group behaviour is also called social behaviour.
• Members of the group work together to find food, defend themselves and look after the young ones.

Question 4.
Name the 3 main body segments of an insect.
Answer:
Insects have three main body regions. They are; Head, thorax and the abdomen.

Question 5.
What does the thorax contain?
Answer:
The thorax is the middle region of the body. It bears three pairs of legs and two pairs of wings.

Question 6.
How do vampire bats detect their prey?
Answer:
Vampire bats have heat-detecting noses which allow them to find their prey.

VI. Answer in detail :

Question 1.
Explain the three types of adaptations in animals.
Answer:
Three types of adaptations seen in animals. They are:

• Structural adaptations:
  Changes in the physical features of the animal are called structural adaptations.
  Example: Polar bears Jiving in cold climate have physical adaptations, such as thick fur and short ears to reduce heat loss.
• Physiological adaptations:
  Changes in the functions of the animal’s body are called physiological adaptations.
  Example: Dog shivers to generate more heat when it is cold and pants when it is hot.
• Behavioural adaptations:
  Changes in the activities of the animal are behavioural adaptations.
  Example: Birds migrate to avoid adverse conditions.

Question 2.
Do animals have special sense? How does it help them? Give one example.
Answer:
Some animals have special senses and help the animals experience the world around them.
Ants

• Ants have sense of sight, smell, taste and touch.
• Ants have organs of smell and taste in their antennae.
• They feel the vibrations in the ground through their feet.
• Ants have a good sense of smell.

Question 3.
Write about bats
Answer:

• Bats have a good sense of hearing.
• They produce ultrasonic sound which helps the bats find their way at night and find out the objects on their path. This is called “Echolocation”.
• Vampire bats feed on the blood of their prey.
• Vampire bats have heat-detecting noses which allow them to find their prey.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Guide Pdf Term 1 Prose Chapter 3 The Guardians of the Nation Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Solutions Term 1 Prose Chapter 3 The Guardians of the Nation

5th English Guide The Guardians of the Nation Text Book Back Questions and Answers

In-Text Question (Think):

Question 1.

Why do the soldiers (people) die? When will it be stopped?
Answer:
Soldiers are the persons who vigorously support their countries and are prepared to defend it against enemies or detractors. They have true patriotism. So, when a war breaks out, due to conflicts between two countries on the border issue, soldiers fight for their respective countries. Ultimately a quite number of soldiers die.

It will be stopped only when peace prevails in all the countries in the world.

Let us understand:

A. Choose the best answer:

Question 1.
Karmugilan went to ______ for higher studies.
(a) London
(b) Australia
(c) USA
(d) New Zealand
Answer:
(c) USA

Question 2.
______ broke out in the near by villages.
(a) malaria
(b) cholera
(c) dengue
(d) flu
Answer:
(c) Dengue

Question 3.
He got _______ the disease.
(a) infected by
(b) cured off
(c) upset
(d) remedy for
Answer:
(a) Infected by

Question 4.
The villagers, built a ______ on his memory.
(a) statue
(b) memorial
(c) library
(d) hospital
Answer:
(d) Hospital

B. Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
They ate a bowl of ______.
Answer:
chickpea sundal

Question 2.
______ is the memorial for the soldiers.
Answer:
Amar Jawan Jyoti

Question 3.
Flag day is observed on the ______.
Answer:
7th December

Question 4.
A ______ dies for the nation.
Answer:
Soldier

Question 5.
______ was a young talented doctor.
Answer:
Karmugilan

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What were Anandhan and Yazhini watching in the television?
Answer:
Anandhan and Yazhini were watching a ceremony at Amar Jawan Jyoti, where people were paying respect to a helmet on top of a gun.

Question 2.
What is Amar Jawan Jyoti?
Answer:
Amar Jawan Jyoti is a memorial for the soldiers who died for our country.

Question 3.
What did Anandhan want to become?
Answer:
Anandhan wanted to become a doctor.

Question 4.
Why did Yazhini want to join the military?
Answer:
Yazhini wanted to serve the nation. So she wanted to join the military

Question 5.
What happened to Dr. Karmugilan in the story?
Answer:
Dr. Karumugilan served the people who were infected with dengue. Finally he was also affected by the disease and died.

Question 6.
What was the epidemic that broke out in the story?
Answer:
Dengue was the epidemic that broke out in the story.

Let us Build:

We divide the words to pronounce them easier. Here are some tips to divide.
உச்சரிப்பதற்கு வசதியாக நாம் வார்த்தைகளைப்பிரிக்கிறோம். எவ்வாறுவார்த்தைளைப் பிரிப்பது என்பதற்கான குறிப்புகளை இங்கு காண்போம்.

A. Circle and divide the bulldog pattern words:

Question 1.

Answer:
Out of six given words, the bulldog pattern words are – Sunset, Skyblue, Goldfish

• sun/set
• sky/blue
• gold/fish.

B. Divide and list out the word under each pattern:

Answer:

C. Write some pattern words and divide them:
Answer:

• airport – air/port
• headlight – head/light
• breakfast – break/fast
• landmark – land/mark
• moonlight – moon/light
• wheelchair – wheel/chair

5th English Guide The Guardians of the Nation Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Write some pattern words and divide them.
Answer:

• reach – rea/ch
• board – boa/rd
• deal – dea/l
• oap – soa/p
• ecise – plea/se
• roast – roa/st

Question 2.
Write some pattern words and divide them.
Answer:

• march – mar/ch
• nurse – nur/se
• target – tar/get
• purse – pur/se
• interest inter/est
• church – chur/ch

Answer the following Questions:

Question 1.
What was Anand’s father doing when Anand came from school?
Answer:
Anand’s father was watching the news on the television.

Question 2.
What is the importance of 7th December?
Answer:
Armed Forces Flag Day is observed on 7th December every year.

Question 3.
Why did Karmugilan go to the USA?
Answer:
Karmugilan went to the USA for studying.

Question 4.
What did Karmugilan’s parents think of him?
Answer:
Karmugilan’s parents thought that he would live in the USA and continue his practice.

Question 5.
Why did Karmugilan come back to India?
Answer:
Karmugilan came back to India to treat the poor people at free of cost.

Question 6.
What is the real service to the nation?
Answer:
We should treat everyone around us with love and respect. That is the real service to the nation.

The Guardians of the Nation Summary in English and Tamil

Anand and Yazhini came home from school. After washing their face, hands, and legs, they sat down next to their Father Their Father was watching the news on the television. There were two bowls of chickpea sundal. They ate and watched a ceremony where people were paying respect to a helmet on top of a gun. “Dad, what is this place? What are they doing?” asked Anandhan. Dad replied, “This is Amar Jawan Jyoti, a memorial for the soldiers who died for our country.

ஆனந்தும், யாழினியும் பள்ளியிலிருந்து வீட்டிற்கு வந்தார்கள். முகம், கை, கால்களைக் கழுவிய பிறகு, அவர்களது தந்தைக்கு அருகே வந்து அமர்ந்த னர். அவர்களது தந்தை தொலைகாட்சியில் செய்திகளை பார்த்துக் கொண்டிருந்தார். அங்கு இரு கிண்ணங்களில் சுண்டல் இருந்தது. அவர்கள் சாப்பிட்டுக் கொண்டே தொலைகாட்சியில் ஒரு நிகழ்ச்சியைப் பார்த்தார்கள். ஒரு துப்பாக்கியின் மீது வைக்கப்பட் வைக்கப்பட்டிருந்த ஒரு தலைக்கவசத்திற்கு மக்கள் மரியாதை செய்து கொண்டிருந்த காட்சி அது. “அப்பா, இது என்ன இடம்? அவர்கள் என்ன செய்கிறார்கள்?”, என்று ஆனந்தன் கேட்டான். “இதுதான் அமர் ஜவான் ஜோதி. நமது நாட்டிற்காக உயிரிழந்த படைவீரர்களின் நினைவுச்சின்னம்.

Every year, 7th December is observed as Armed Forces Flag Day. On that day, we remember the sacrifices of our soldiers for guarding our nation. It is a great honour to serve the nation by joining the army.”

ஒவ்வொரு ஆண்டும் டிசம்பர் 7-ஆம் தேதி இராணுவக் கொடிநாளாக அனுசரிக்கப்படுகிறது.அன்றைய நாளில், நம் தேசத்தைக் காத்த வீரர்களின் தியாகங்களை நாம் நினைவு கூர்கிறோம். இராணுவத்தில் சேர்ந்து தேசத்திற்கு சேவை செய்வது ஒரு பெரிய கௌரவமாகும்”, என அவனது தந்தை பதிலளித்தார்.

Yazhini proudly declared, “When I grow up, I will join the army and serve the nation.” Anandhan said,”I will become a doctor, and treat the people.” Yazhini asked, “Why don’t you join the army and serve the nation like me?”

யாழினி பெருமையுடன், “நான் வளர்ந்த பிறகு இராணுவத்தில் சேர்ந்து தேசத்திற்கு பணியாற்றுவேன்”, என அறிவித்தாள். “நான் ஒரு மருத்துவராகி, மக்களுக்கு சிகிச்சையளிப்பேன்”, என்றான் ஆனந்தன். “நான் சொன்ன மாதிரி, நீயும் ஏன் இராணுவத்தில் சேர்ந்து தேசத்திற்கு பணியாற்றக்கூடாது?”, என யாழினி கேட்டாள்.

Father intervened her and said, “Joining the army is not the only way to serve the nation. Each one of us can serve the nation in our own way.” Yazhini asked, “Really dad? How can we serve the .nation?” Father said, “Serving in the army is a grace, but not everyone gets a chance to serve. But, each of us has a role in our society and, by doing that role we are serving our nation.”

அப்போது அவளது தந்தை குறுக்கிட்டு, “இராணுவத்தில் சேர்வது மட்டுமே தேசத்திற்கு சேவை செய்யும் ஒரே வழி என்று நினைக்கக் கூடாது”, என்று கூறினார். “உண்மையாகவா அப்பா? தேசத்திற்கு நாம் எப்படி சேவை புரியலாம்?”, என்று யாழினி கேட்டாள். “இராணுவத்தில் சேவை புரிவது என்பது ஒரு வரம். ஆனால் ஒவ்வொருவரும் அந்த வாய்ப்பை பெறுவதில்லை ஆனால் சமூகத்தில் நம் ஒவ்வொருவருக்கும் ஒரு பொறுப்பு இருக்கிறது. அதைச் செய்தாலே நமது தேசத்திற்கு சேவை செய்த மாதிரி தான்”, என்றார் அவள் தந்தை.

Father continued, “I will tell you the story of Karmugilan. He was a doctor. who died, serving the people. He was young and talented. He went to the USA for studying. His parents were very proud of him. They thought that he would live in the USA and continue his practice. But to everyone’s surprise, he came back to India and started treating poor people free of cost.”

“நான் உங்களிருவருக்கும் கார்முகிலனின் கதையைச் சொல்கிறேன். அவர் ஒரு மருத்துவர். மக்களுக்காவே சேவை செய்து இறந்துபோனார். அவர் இளமையானவர், மற்றும் திறமைசாலி. படிப்பதற்காக அமெரிக்கா போனார். அவரது பெற்றோர் அவரை நினைத்து பெருமை பட்டனர். அவர் அமெரிக்காவிலேயே வாழ்ந்து, அங்கேயே மருத்துவத்தைத் தொடருவார் என
அவர்கள் நினைத்தனர். ஆனால் எல்லோரும் ஆச்சர்யப்படும் வகையில் அவர் இந்தியாவுக்கு திரும்பிவந்து ஏழை மக்களுக்கு இலவசமாக மருத்துவம் பார்க்கத் தொடங்கினார்”, என்றார் யாழினியின் தந்தை.

Yazhini asked, “Were his parents not angry with him?” Dad said, “They were anary. But, they knew he was happy.”

அப்போது யாழினி கேட்டாள்: “அவரது பெற்றோர்கள் அவர் மீது கோபப்பட வில்லையா?” தந்தை சொன்னார் : “ஆம், அவர்களுக்கு கோபம் வந்தது. ஆனால் கார்முகிலன் மகிழ்ச்சியாக இருந்ததை அவர்கள் அறிந்தனர்”.

One day, dengue broke out in the nearby villages. He left to those villages to treat the people. He saved the lives of many. He was soon well known in the village, and people poured known in the village and people poured in to get treated.

ஒரு நாள், பக்கத்து கிராமங்களில் டெங்கு காய்ச்சல் பரவத்தொடங்கியது. அந்த மக்களுக்கு சிகிச்சை அளிக்க கார்முகிலன் அந்த கிராமங்களுக்குச் சென்றார். பலருடைய உயிரை அவர் காப்பாற்றினார். அந்த கிராமத்தில் அவர் மிகவும் பிரபலமடைந்து விட்டார். அவரிடம் சிகிச்சை பெறுவதற்காக மக்கள் வந்து குவிந்தனர்.

But, one day he got infected by the disease and was taken to the city hospital. He was in critical condition. His parents were upset and worried. He told his parents that he had done his duty to the country and, was happy. In a couple of days, he died. In his memory, the people of the village have built a hospital and treat people at free of cost.”

ஆனால் ஒரு நாள் அவரையும் அந்த நோய் தாக்கியது. அவர் நகர மருத்துவமனைக்கு எடுத்துச்செல்லப்பட்டார். அவர் மிக ஆபத்தான நிலையில் இருந்தார். அவரது பெற்றோர் வருத்தப்பட்டனர். தான் இந்த நாட்டிற்கு தன் கடமையை செய்துவிட்டதாகவும், அதனால் மகிழ்ச்சியுடன் இருப்பதாகவும் கார்முகிலன் தன் பெற்றோரிடம் கூறினார். அடுத்த சில நாட்களில் அவர் இறந்துவிட்டார். அவரது நினைவாக அந்த கிராமத்து மக்கள் ஒரு மருத்துவமனையைக் கட்டினார். அங்கு மக்களுக்கு இலவச வைத்தியம் கிடைக்கிறது”.

“That’s really great, dad. He is a real hero.”, said Yazhini.

“அது உண்மையிலேயே சிறப்பான ஒன்று தான், அப்பா. அவர்தான் உண்மையான நாயகன்”, என்றாள் யாழினி.

Father replied, “Each one of us should love and respect our country.” we should treat everyone around us with love and respect. That’s the real service to the nation.”

நாம் ஒவ்வொருவரும் நம் நாட்டை நேசித்து மதிக்க வேண்டும். நம்மை சுற்றியுள்ள ஒவ்வொருவரையும் அன்போடும், மரியாதையுடனும் | நடத்த வேண்டும். அதுவே தேசத்திற்கு செய்யும் உண்மையான சேவை”, என்றார் அவளது தந்தை.

The Guardians of the Nation Glossary:

Ceremony – A formal event to celebrate an anniversary (ஆண்டுவிழா )
Critical – Serious/dangerous (ஆபத்தான நிலை)
Declared – Said / stated (அறிவித்த ல்)
Grace – Blessing (வரம்)
Guarding – To watch over to protect or control (பாதுகாத்தல்)
Honour – Respect (மரியாதை)
Infected – Contaminated with harmful things (கேடுகளால் பாதிக்கப்படுதல்)
Intervened – Interrupt a conversation (குறுக்கிட்டு பேசுதல்)
Memorial – A structure established to remind of a person or event (நினைவுச் சின்னம்)
Munching – Eating something steadily (தொடர்ந்து கொறித்தல்)
Observed – Commemorated (அனுசரிக்கப்படுதல்)
Poured in – Came in great numbers (அதிக அளவில் வருவது)
Proudly – With pride (பெருமையுடன்)
Remember – Recall (நினைவுபடுத்துதல்)
Sacrifices – Giving up something more valuable (தியாகங்க ள்)
Serve – To work for (சேவை)
Talented – Skilled/expert (திறமையாளர்)
Upset – Unhappy (வருத்தப்படுதல்)
Worried – Distressed (கவலையடைதல்)
Wreath – Flowers arranged in a ring, for lying on a grave (கல்லறையில் வைக்கப்படும் மலர் வளையம் )

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Pdf Term 3 Chapter 1 Green Environment Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Solutions Term 3 Chapter 1 Green Environment

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Green Environment Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
What is the first step in waste management?
(a) Waste disposal
(b) Waste separation
(c) Waste collection
Answer:
(b) Waste separation

Question 2.
Which is an example for non-biodegradable waste?
(a) Paper cup
(b) Plastic cup
(c) Coconut shell
Answer:
(b) Plastic cup

Question 3.
Picking up the waste is called ____________
(a) Waste collection
(b) The environment
(c) Litter
Answer:
(a) Waste collection

Question 4.
___________ is the first ‘R’ in the Three R’s.
(a) Reuse
(b) Reduce
(c) Recycle
Answer:
(b) Reduce

II. Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
_____________ is an example of reusing waste. (Using old jars for pickle / Saying not to a plastic bag)
Answer:
Using old jars for pickle

Question 2.
____________ is used to make bags, dustbins and tooth brushes. (Rose / Bamboo)
Answer:
Bamboo

Question 3.
____________ is a big threat to our environment. (Plastic pollution / Light pollution)
Answer:
Plastic pollution

Question 4.
___________ is a non-recyclable item. (Glass / Multilayer plastics)
Answer:
Multilayer -plastics

III. Match the following :

Question 1.

Answer:

IV. Write True or False :

Question 1.
3R method reduces the amount of waste that goes to landfills.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Eco-friendly material is harmful to the environment.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Plastic bag, thermocol and multilayer plastics are recyclable.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
We should not separate our waste.
Answer:
False

V. Answer in one or two sentences :

Question 1.
What are the Three R’s?
Answer:
The three R’s stand for REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE.

Question 2.
What is bio-degradable waste?
Answer:
Bio-degradable waste is a form of waste, originating naturally from plant
or animal sources, which may be degraded by other living organisms.

Question 3.
Write the different steps in waste management.
Answer:

• Separation of waste
• Waste collection and transportation
• Waste recycling and composting
• Waste disposal

Question 4.
Name five items which are recyclable.
Answer:
Paper, glass, metal, cardboard and plastic covers.

VI. Answer the following :

Question 1.
How will you manage the household waste?

• Divide the waste into different waste bins.
• Each bin should have different type of wastes.
• Green for biodegradable waste, Blue for recyclable waste and Red for non-recyclable waste.

Question 2.
What are the plastic items that have been banned in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
Plastic bags, plastic plates, water pouches, plastic straws, plastic sheets.

Question 3.
Write the benefits of recycling.
Answer:

• Old newspapers, note books and magazines are sold to a scrap dealer. They will be made into new paper.
• PET bottles are recycled into plastic threads and used to make sports T-shirts.
• Old glass bottles and broken glass pieces are melted to make new glass.
• Broken metal items like tiffin boxes and plates are melted and made into new metal products like toys.

Question 4.
What is known as eco-friendly material?
Answer:
Materials which are beneficial to the environment and do not cause harm are called eco-friendly materials

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Green Environment In Text Questions and Answers

Activity (Text Book Page No. 65)

Question 1.
Write the waste management process in the correct order.
(Waste disposal, Waste collection and transportation, Waste separation, Waste recycling and composting)
Answer:

1. Waste separation
2. Waste collection & transportation
3. Waste recycling A composting
4. Taste disposal

Activity (Text Book Page No. 67)

Question 1.
List out four things that you can reduce, reuse and recycle at home or school.

Answer:

Activity (Text Book Page No. 70)

Study the images below and write down three items you have at home in each category of waste.

Question 1.

Answer:
Biodegradable: Vegetable peels, fruit peels, mat

Question 2.

Answer:
Recyclable: Glass, metal, paper & cardboards

Question 3.

Answer:
Non-recyclable : Plastic baas, CFL lights, mixed electronic wastes

Activity (Text Book Page No. 74)

Question 1.
Write any five non-recyclable items that you use or*have seen in shop.
Answer:
CFL lights, plastic bags, mixed electronic wastes, medical wastes, polyester.

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Green Environment Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answers :

Question 1.
Unwanted materials pollute our ___________
(a) Land
(b) Air
(c) Both a and b
Answer:
(c) Both a and b

Question 2.
____________ is the very important step in waste management.
(a) Separation of waste
(b) Waste disposal
(c) Waste collection
Answer:
(a) Separation of waste

Question 3.
_______________ is to take materials from things you throw away and make new products with them.
(a) Reduce
(b) Reuse
(c) Recycle
Answer:
(c) Recycle

Question 4.
____________ can return back to the soil and become food for plants.
(a) Biodegradable
(b) Non-degradable
(c) Recyclable
(d) None
Answer:
(a) Biodegradable

Question 5.
_____________ is an example for eco-friendly material.
(a) Leaf plate
(b) Plastic plate
(c) Thermocol plate
Answer:
(a) Leaf plate

II. Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
Picking up the waste is called ___________ (waste disposal / waste collection)
Answer:
waste collection

Question 2.
____________ waste can be turned into something new which is valuable. (Recyclable / Non – recyclable)
Answer:
Recyclable

Question 3.
is using something repeated for the same or for another purpose. (Reuse / Reduce)
Answer:
Reuse

Question 4.
___________ of our environment means to protect all things found in nature. (Observation / Conservation)
Answer:
Conservation

Question 5.
Plastic bags and food packaging is a _____________ item. (non-recyclable / recyclable)
Answer:
Non-recyclable

III. True or false :

Question 1.
It is best to separate waste into 3 different bins.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Reuse is to make or use less
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Broken glass pieces are melted to make new glass.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
We should conserve our natural resources and energy
Answer:
True

IV. Answer the following :

Question 1.
What is separation of waste?
Answer:
It means to sort or divide the waste into different waste bins.

Question 2.
What is waste collection?
Answer:
Picking up the waste by our municipality or corporation is called waste collection.

Question 3.
What is transportation?
Answer:
Moving the waste from one place to another is called transportation.

Question 4.
What is compost?
Answer:

1. Compost is the decayed organic material which is obtained from the biodegradable waste.
2. Compost makes the soil fertile.

Question 5.
What is waste disposal or final disposal?
Answer:
The waste that cannot be recycled (non-recyclable waste) needs to be sent for final disposal.

Question 6.
What is Reduce?
Answer:
Reduce is to make or use less materials.

Question 7.
What is Reuse?
Answer:
Reuse is using a thing repeatedly for the same or for another purpose.

Question 8.
What is Recycle?
Answer:
Recycle is to take materials from things you throw away and make new products by using them.

Question 9.
Name some materials that you can at home recycle?
Answer:

• PET bottles
• Old glass bottles and broken glass pieces
• Broken metal items

V. Answer in detail :

Question 1.
Write down the eco-friendly activities.
Answer:

• Reduce your paper use by writing on both sides of every sheet.
• Stop using plastic straws.
• Use reusable bag.
• Give up chewing gum.
• Buy stainless steel bottles instead of plastic water bottles.
• Reuse containers for storing left overs.

Question 2.
What is meant by conservation of environment?
Answer:

• Conservation of environment means to protect all things found in nature.
• It means that we have to use our Earth’s natural resources (like water, soil, minerals, wildife and forests) carefully.
• Everyone can conserve the environment by good waste management habits.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Guide Pdf Term 1 Prose Chapter 2 Trip to My Grandparents Village Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Solutions Term 1 Prose Chapter 2 Trip to My Grandparents Village

5th English Guide Trip to My Grandparents Village Text Book Back Questions and Answers

In-Text Question (Think):

Question 1.
Is TV and video game the only way to pass time? Can we do something else?
Answer:
Time is a non-renewable resource. Many people wasted their time playing video games and they regretted it in their later stage: Instead of playing video games, we can spend our time playing outdoor games, learning to play musical instruments like guitar etc., learning photography, painting etc.

Television is an easy and cheap source of entertainment. By watching the news, we can improve our general knowledge. Watching TV too much is not good for our health. It contributes to some health issues like obesity, sleep difficulties, etc.

Let us Understand:

A. Match the following:

Answer:

B. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
How did Santhosh record his diary?
Answer:
Santhosh recorded his diary using his mother’s phone.

Question 2.
Name some of the activities that the village children were doing on their vacation.
Answer:
Playing with a tyre and a stick, milking cows, breaking groundnut pods and piling them, splashing in the pond, climbing to the top of a tamarind tree, playing hide and seek are the activities that the village children were doing on their vacation.

Question 3.
Why did Santhosh forget to watch television or play video games?
Answer:
Santhosh ‘trip to his grandparents’ home was so enjoyable to him. So he forgot to watch television or play video games.

Question 4.
Did Santhosh enjoy his morning walk? How do you know?
Answer:
Yes, Santhosh enjoyed his morning walk. He enjoyed the cool breeze and he felt that the air was also filled with the sweet sound of birds.

Question 5.
How did Santhosh spend his time when he went to the river?
Answer:
As he could not swim, Santhosh sat on a big smooth rock. He watched his friends swam like experts. He saw the pebbles in the riverbed and colourful fish swim by.

Question 6.
How did Santhosh know that the river was clean?
Answer:
The river is so clean as Santhosh could see the pebbles in the riverbed and colourful fish swim by.

Let us Build:

Let us learn some more tips to change singular to plural.
ஒருமையைப் பன்மையாக மாற்றுவதைப் பற்றி இங்கு காண்போம்.

Try this:

Question 1.

Answer:

1. Change -f and -fe, into -ves.

2. By changing their vowels, such as oo to ee or an to en.

3. Irregular plurals

4. Some nouns are identical in both the singular and the plural forms. Many of these are names of animals.

5. Add es for some words ending with o.

A. Look at the picture and tick (✓) the correct plural word:

Question 1.

Answer:

B. Write the plural form:

Question 1.

Answer:
Leaves

Question 2.

Answer:
Mangoes

5th English Guide Earth, The Desolated Home Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Where did Santhosh go for his vacation?
Answer:
Santhosh went to his grandparents’ village, called Sirumalai.

Question 2.
How was the roadside look like?
Answer:
There were numerous trees with yellow flowers on both sides of the road.

Question 3.
What was the use of scarecrows?
Answer:
The scarecrows had managed to scare away the crows in the fields.

Question 4.
Name the birds that were seen in the paddy fields.
Answer:
Many white cranes were seen in the green paddy fields.

Question 5.
Write down the names of Paavai’s friends.
Answer:
Amir, Peter, and Umaiyal were Paavai’s friends.

Question 6.
Who took Santhosh to the river?
Answer:
Santhosh’ mother and his aunties took him to the river for a refreshing bath.

Write the plural form:

Question 1.
= ________
Answer:
Chairs

Question 2.
  = ________
Answer:
Boxes

Question 3.
= ________
Answer:
Spectacles

Question 4.
= ________
Answer:
Donkeys

Question 5.
= ________
Answer:
Radios

Question 6.
= ________
Answer:
Books.

Trip to My Grandparents Village Summary in English and Tamil

It is summer. Santhosh’ vacation has started. His parents are going to Sirumalai, his parents’ village. Santhosh is excited. He records an audio diary on his mother’s phone. He records all his feelings during the visit. Later, he writes down in his diary what he had recorded. Let’s read his diary to know his experiences during this visit.

இது கோடைக்காலம். சந்தோஷின் விடுமுறை | தொடங்கிவிட்டது. அவனது பெற்றோரின் கிராமமான சிறுமலைக்கு அவனது பெற்றோர் போகிறார்கள். சந்தோஷ் உற்சாகமாக ப’ இருந்தான். அவனது அம்மாவின் போனில் ஒலி வடிவில் நிகழ்வுகளை பதிவு செய்கிறான். அவனது பயணத்தின் போது அவனது எல்லா உணர்வுகளை பதிவு செய்கிறான். பின்னர் தனது டைரியில், தான் பதிவு செய்திருந்ததை எழுதிக் கொள்கிறான். அவனது விஜயத்தின் போது, அவனது அனுபவங்களை அறிந்து கொள்ள, அவனது டைரியை நாம் படிக்கலாம்.
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10th April: 10 ஏப்ரல் :
I am very eager to visit my grand parents’ village. I will meet my grand parents and cousins. I have packed my clothes and tab for playing video games. We will be travelling in a bus. I am so excited.

என் தாத்தா பாட்டியின் கிராமத்திற்குப் போக நான் வெகு ஆர்வமாக இருக்கிறேன். அங்கு என் தாத்தா பாட்டியையும், உறவினர்களையும் நான் சந்திப்பேன். வீடியோவில் விளையாட்டுக்களை விளையாட ‘டேப்’ எனப்படும் கருவியையும், எனது
உடைகளையும் எடுத்துக் கொண்டேன். நாங்கள் ஒரு பேருந்தில் பயணிப்போம். நான் மிகவும் உற்சாகமாக இருக்கிறேன்.

11th April:11 ஏப்ரல்:
Today we are travelling. Though it is summer, the weather is pleasant in the morning. There are numerous trees with yellow flowers on both sides of the road. There is greenery all around. There are many white cranes in the lush green paddy fields. The scarecrows have managed to scare away the crows in the fields. There is no traffic, noise and air pollution in the village.

இன்று நாங்கள் பயணம் செல்கிறோம். கோடைக்காலமாக இருந்தாலும், காலையில் வானிலை இதமாக இருக்கிறது. சாலையின்
இருபுறங்களிலும் எண்ணற்ற மரங்கள் மஞ்சள் மலர்களுடன் உள்ளன. சுற்று வட்டாரம் முழுதும் பசுமையாக இருந்தது. பசுமையான நெல்வயல்களில் பல வெள்ளை கொக்குகள் இருந்தன. வயல்களில் காகங்களை பயமுறுத்தி விரட்ட மனித உருவ பொம்மைகள் இருந்தன. வாகனப் போக்குவரத்து, இரைச்சல், காற்று மாசு என்று எதுவும் கிராமத்தில் இல்லை.

I get off the bus and run to meet my grandparents. They are deliahted to see me. The house is surrounded by many big trees. There are a few jackfruit, mango, neem, banana, pomearanate and coconut trees. The trees have abundant fruits. My grandfather has plucked some ripe mangoes for me. The mangoes are so juicy and sweet.

நான் பேருந்திலிருந்து இறங்கி, என் தாத்தா பாட்டியைச் சந்திக்க ஓடினேன். அவர்கள் என்னைப் பார்த்ததில் பெரு மகிழ்ச்சியடைந்தனர். பல பெரிய மரங்கள் வீட்டைச் சூழ்ந்து இருந்தன. சில பலா, மா, வேம்பு, வாழை, மாதுளை, தென்னை மரங்கள் இருந்தன. மரங்களில் அதிக அளவில் பழங்களும் இருந்தன. சில பழுத்த மாம்பழங்களை என் தாத்தா எனக்காக பறித்தார். மாம்பழங்கள் மிகவும் சாறுடனும், சுவையுடனும் இருந்தன.

12th April: 12 ஏப்ரல் :
I have woken up early today. I am out for a walk in the morning. The cool breeze is pleasing. The coconut palms are swaying lazily. The farmers are already in their fields. Some of them are cutting the crops and some of them are threshing the paddy. The air is filled with the sweet sound of birds singing in the trees and the bushes. The cuckoo’s song is perhaps the most enchanting.

இன்று நான் சீக்கிரமாக எழுந்துவிட்டேன். காலையில் வெளியே நடைபயிற்சிக்காக.சென்றேன். குளிர்ந்த காற்று இதமாக இருந்தது.
தென்னை, பனை மரங்கள் சோம்பலுடன் அசைந்து கொண்டிருந்தன. விவசாயிகள் ஏற்கனவே அவர்களது வயல்களில் இருந்தனர். அவர்களில் சிலர் அறுவடை செய்தனர். சிலர் கதிர் அடித்தனர். மரங்களிலும், புதர்களிலும் இருந்த பறவைகளின் இனிமையான சத்தம், காற்றுடன் கலந்திருந்தது. குயிலின் பாட்டு மிகவும் மயங்க

When I come home, I freshen up and eat the tastiest breakfast in my life. Later, my grandmother introduces a girl, Paavai. She goes to the village school. She lives down the street. She is very eager to show me around the village. Paavai shows me how to play with a tyre and a stick. We happily run down the lanes balancing the tyre with a small stick. We stop to talk to Paavai’s friends, Amir, Peter and Umaiyal.

நான் வீட்டுக்கு வந்து, புத்துணர்வு பெற்று, என் வாழ்விலேயே சுவையான காலை உணவை சாப்பிட்டேன். பின்னர், பாவை என்ற ஒரு சிறுமியை என் பாட்டி என்னிடம் அறிமுகப்படுத்தினார். அவர் அங்கு கிராம பள்ளயில் படிக்கிறாள். அதே தெருவில் அவள் வாழ்கிறாள். எனக்கு கிராமத்தை சுற்றிக் காட்ட அவள் வெகு ஆர்வமாக இருந்தாள். ஒரு டயரையும், ஒரு தடியையும் கொண்டு எப்படி விளையாடுவது என அவள் காண்பித்தாள். சிறு தடியால் டயரை லாவகமாக ஒட்டிக் கொண்டு | நாங்கள் மகிழ்ச்சியுடன் தெருக்களில் ஓடினோம். பாவையின் நண்பர்களான அமீர், பீட்டர் மற்றும். உமையாள் ஆகியோரிடம் நாங்கள் பேசினோம்.

All children here too have their summer vacation. Amir is helping his father in milking their cows. He let me pat his black calf peter and Umaiyal are sitting with their grandmother breaking groundnut pods and piling them neatly. Later they will take the nuts to the village market to sell them. I help them for some time.

இங்கு எல்லா குழந்தைகளும் கோடை விடுமுறையை கொண்டாடினர். பசுக்களிடமிருந்து பால் கறப்பதற்கு அமீர் தன் தந்தைக்கு உதவியாக இருந்தான். அவனது கறுப்பு நிற கன்று குட்டியை 5C4025 தா பாivale c++ine + +oin தட்டிக் கொடுக்க என்னை அனுமதித்தான். பீட்டரும் உமையாளும் அவர்களது பாட்டியுடன் அமர்ந்தபடி வேர்க்கடலையின் மேல் தோலை உடைத்து, அதனை குவியலாக சேர்த்து வைத்தனர். பிறகு அவர்கள் வேர்க்கடலையை கிராம – சந்தைக்கு எடுத்துச் சென்று விற்றுவிடுவர். நானும் அவர்களுக்கு சற்று நேரம் உதவி செய்தேன்.

13th April:13 ஏப்ரல் :
Paavai takes me to the village pond There are many children splashing around in the pond. Some boys are climbing to the top of the tall tamarind tree. Girls are playing hide and seek near the big banyan tree.

கிராமத்தின் குளத்திற்கு பாவை என்னை அழைத்துச் சென்றாள். அந்த குளத்தில் பல குழந்தைகள் நீரில் விளையாடிக் கொண்டிருந்தனர். சில சிறுவர்கள் அங்கிருந்த உயரமான புளிய மரத்தின் உச்சிக்குச் செல்ல, மரத்தில் ஏறிக் கொண்டிருந்தனர். அங்கிருந்த பெரிய ஆலமரத்தின் அருகில் சிறுமிகள் கண்ணாமூச்சி’ விளையாடிக் கொண்டிருந்தனர்.

My mother and my aunties take me to the river for a refreshing bath. I play for some time in the cool water but I cannot swim. So, I sit on a smooth rock and watch my friends swim like experts. They talk and laugh a lot as they wash their clothes and dry their hair in the Sun. The river is so clean that I can see the pebbles in the riverbed and colourful fish swim by. I love the scenery.

என் அம்மாவும், என் அத்தைகளும் என்னை ஆற்றுக்கு அழைத்துச்சென்றனர், புத்துணர்வூட்டும் bia குளியலுக்காக. அந்த குளிர்ந்த நீரில் நான் சற்று நேரம் விளையாடினேன். ஏனெனில் என்னால் நீந்த முடியாது. ஆகவே, நான் ஒரு பெரிய வழுவழுப்பான பாறையின் மீது அமர்ந்து, எனது நண்பர்கள் (திறமைசாலிகளைப் போல) நீந்துவதை பார்த்துக் கொண்டிருந்தேன். அவர்கள் அதிகமாக பேசியபடியும், சிரித்தபடியும் இருந்தனர். அவர்கள் தங்கள் துணிகளை துவைத்தனர். சூரிய ஒளியில் தலைமுடிளை உலர்த்திக் கொண்டனர். அந்த ஆறு மிகவும் சுத்தமாக இருந்ததால், அங்கு கூழாங்கற்களையும், வண்ணமயமான மீன்கள் நீந்திச் செல்வதையும் என்னால் பார்க்க முடிந்தது. அந்த இயற்கைக் காட்சியை நான் விரும்பினேன்.

We are back to our home in the city. The trip to our grandparents home was so enjoyable. Those two days flew by so fast. I realised that during this stay. I had neither watched television nor played video games. I eagerly looking forward to our next visit.

சென்று வந்த பயணம் மிகவும் மகிழ்ச்சியைத் நான் டெலிவிஷன் பார்க்காததையும், வீடியோ விளையாட்டு விளையாடாததையும் உணர்ந்தேன். எனது அடுத்த பயணத்திற்காக நான் ஆவலுடன் எதிர்பார்த்து காத்திருக்கிறேன்.

Trip to My Grandparents Village Glossary:

Abundant – Plentiful (ஏராளமாக)
Crane – Large long-necked long-legged wading bird (கொக்கு )
Delighted – Happy (மகிழ்ச்சியடைதல்)
Eager – Keen (ஆர்வம்)
Enchanting – Attractive (மயங்க வைக்கிற)
Excited – Thrilled (உற்சாகமாக)
Experience – Knowledge or practical wisdom gained (அனுபவம் )
Expert – Well skilled (திறமைசாலி)
Feelings – General impressions/ emotions (உணர்வுகள்)
Later – Afterwards (பிறகு)
Lush – Plentiful (அதிகமாக)
Numerous – Great in number (எண்ண ற்ற)
Pebble – A kind of stone (கூழாங்கல்)
pile – Heap (up) (குவியல்)
pleasant – Nice (இனிமையான)
Pleasing – Giving pleasure (மகிழ்வூட்டும்)
Plucked – Pulled out (பறித்த ல்)
Pod – Shell (மேல் தோல்)
Pollution – Contamination (மாசு)
Pond – Tank/pool (குளம்)
Summer – The warmest season of the year (கோடை)
Surrounding – Encircled (சுற்றி சூழ்ந்த )
Swaying – Swinging (அசைந்தாடுதல்)
Threshing – Separating the grains (from plants) (கதிரடித்தல்)
Vacation – Holiday (விடுமுறை)

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Pdf Term 2 Chapter 3 Plants Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Solutions Term 2 Chapter 3 Plants

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Plants Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
The tip of the leaf is
(a) Blade
(b) Apex
(c) Midrib
(d) Veins
Answer:
(b) Apex

Question 2,
Which one of the following is a primary producer?
(a) Plant
(b) Animal
(c) Human
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) Plant

Question 3.
Which flower blooms during winter?
(a) Jasmine
(b) Tulip
(c) December
(d) Fire cracker
Answer:
(c) December

Question 3.
Choose the ornamental plant from the list.
(a) Parthenium
(b) Mango
(c) Travellers palm
(d) Groundnut
Answer:
(c) Travellers palm

Question 4.
Which plant flower is edible?
(a) Cauliflower
(b) Potato
(c) Mint
(d) Cabbage
Answer:
(a) Cauliflower

II. Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
During photosynthesis ____________ is produced and stored in the leaf.
Answer:
Food

Question 2.
Green plants have ____________ pigment.
Answer:
Green

Question 3.
Onion is a ____________ part of a plant.
Answer:
Stem

Question 4.
The male part of the flower is ___________.
Answer:
Stamen

Question 5.
An example for edible seed is _____________ .
Answer:
Rice

III. Answer the following in one or two words :

Question 1.
Which is the female part of the plant?
Answer:
Pistil.

Question 2.
Write the name of any one of the leaf that is used as a food.
Answer:
Cabbage.

Question 3.
Which flower bud is used as spices in food?
Answer:
Cloves.

Question 4.
What are the nutrients present in the seeds?
Answer:
Carbohydrates and proteins.

Question 5.
Write any one of the flower that blooms in summer.
Answer:
Sunflower.

IV. Answer briefly :

Question 1.
Write the parts of the leaf.
Answer:

1. Apex
2. Veins
3. Midrib
4. Blade
5. Petiole

Question 2.
Define – Photosynthesis.
Answer:
Photosynthesis is a process by which plants make their food using chlorophyll, water, carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight.

Question 3.
Write the names of the exotic plants.
Answer:

1. Sago palm (Cycas)
2. Fern
3. Crotons
4. Travelers palm
5. Boat lily
6. Aloevera

Question 4.
Write the names of any two underground stem plant.
Answer:
Potato and Onion are underground stem plants.

Question 5.
Why should we not touch parthenium plant?
Answer:
The pollen of parthenium plant is allergic in nature, so, we do not touch this plant.

V. Answer detail :

Question 1.
Mask any four parts and describe the parts of a leaf.
Answer:

Blade: The broad flat part of the leaf (Lamina).
Apex: The tip of the leaf.
Midrib: The midrib runs along the centre of the leaf.
veins: Veins are branch out from the midrib. They are the framework of hollow tubes that carry water and minerals.
Petiole: This part joins the leaf to the main stem.

Question 2.
Draw a diagram of a flower and explain the parts of a flower.
Answer:

the four visible parts of a flower are explained below.
Sepal: Sepals are leaves that protect the flower while it is still a bud. Sepals are usually green in colour.
Petal: Petals are often bright coloured. Their main job is to attract insects such as bees or butterflies, to the flower. The insects help the flowers in the transfer of pollen grains.
Stamen: Stamen can be seen at the centre of a flower. They contain pollen grains that help the plants to multiply. It is the male part of a flower.
Pistil: Pistil is also seen at the centre of the flower. The pistil uses the pollen to help the flower become the fruit. It is the female part of a flower.

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Plants InText Questions and Answers

Think and Answer (Text Book Page No. 78)

Question 1.
Which part of the leaf collects carbon dioxide?
Answer:
Stomata, the small pores, found at the base of the leaf, collects carbon dioxide.

Question 2.
Which part of the leaf transports water?
Answer:
The vascular tissues, called xylem, transports water from the roots to the leaves.

Think and Answer (Text Book Page No. 79)

Question 1.
Why would living things not be able to live without plants?
Answer:
Humans and animals depend on plants for their food either directly or indirectly. So, things would not be able to live without plants.

Try to Answer (Text Book Page No. 79)

Fill in the blanks by rearranging the letters in the bracket :

Question 1.
During photosynthesis plants releases __________ (egxyno).
Answer:
Oxygen

Question 2.
___________ is a primary producer, (tanpl).
Answer:
Plant

Question 3.
Stomata are seen in the ___________ (owler) surface of the leaf.
Answer:
Lower

Question 4.
Pigment involved in the food synthesis is ______ . (phllylochor).
Answer:
Chlorophyll

Let us do (Text Book Page No. 79)

Take two potted plants. Keep one in sunlight and other in a fully covered box. Water them regularly. After a week observe the plants.

Answer:

Let us do (Text Book Page No. 81)

Question 1.
List out the flowering and Non-flowering plants in your surrounding.

Answer:

Let us do (Text Book Page No. 82)

Question 1.
List out the places where you see the non-green plants
Answer:
Non-green plants grow on decaying organic matters such as cow-dung, wood, bread, etc. Mushroom, Bracket fungi grow in such places.

Try to Answer (Text Book Page No. 82)

Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
__________ is an example for non flowering plant.
Answer:
Algae/Fungi /Fern

Question 2.
Plants are classified based on pigment and ___________ of the plant.
Answer:
Flower

Question 3.
______ depend on other organism to live and get their food.
Answer:
Plants

Question 4.
Autotrophs use _________ , __________ and chlorophyll to prepare their own food.
Answer:
Atmosphere,light

III. Part of Flower :

Have you seen flowers? Try to answer the questions given below

Question 1.
Which is your favourite flower?
Answer:
Jasmine

Question 2.
What is the colour of the flower?
Answer:
White

Question 3.
How does it smell?
Answer:
A sharp, sweet smell

Try to Answer (Text Book Page No. 83)

Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
Sepals _____________ the flower while it is still a bud.
Answer:
Protect

Question 2.
Stamen contains _____________ grains.
Answer:
Pollen

Question 3.
Pistil is ___________ part of a flower.
Answer:
Centre

Let us do (Text Book Page No. 83)

Bring few hibiscus flowers to the classroom. Distribute the flowers to children. Introduce the parts of the flower to them. Then, ask them to observe and feel the different parts of the flower and tell them to record their observation.

Answer:

Think and Answer (Text Book Page No. 84)

Question 1.
Can you name the four seasons?
Answer:
Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter.

Try to Answer (Text Book Page No. 86)

Find the odd one :

Question 1.
December, Tuberose, Tulip.
Answer:
Tulip

Question 2.
Saffron, Tulip, Rose.
Answer:
Rose

Question 3.
Crotons, Boat lily, Rose.
Answer:
Rose

Try to Answer (Text Book Page No. 88)

Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
____________ flower is used as food.
Answer:
Banana

Question 2.
____________ part of the potato plant is used as food.
Answer:
Stem

Question 3.
Stem of the stores ____________ food in it.
Answer:
plant

Question 4.
Seeds are rich in ___________ and___________ .
Answer:
Carbohydrates, proteins

Let us do (Text Book Page No. 89)

Complete the table to show which parts of the plant we eat.
Question 1.

Answer:

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Plants Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
The ____________ runs along the centre of the leaf
(a) Veins
(b) Midrib
(c) petiole
(d) Lamina
Answer:
(b) Midrib

Question 2.
The largest flower in the world is found in the rain forests of ____________.
(a) India
(b) Australia
(c) Indonesia
(d) South Africa
Answer:
(c) Indonesia

Question 3.
Bamboo plants can grow upto __________ in one day.
(a) 60 cm
(b) 70 cm
(c) 80 cm
(d) 90 cm
Answer:
(d) 90 cm

II. Fill in the blanks with suitable answer :

Question 1.
The broad flat part of the leaf _____________.
Answer:
Lamina

Question 2.
___________ helps the plants to breathe.
Answer:
Stomata

Question 3.
___________ food is made in their green stems.
Answer:
Cactus

Question 4.
The largest flower in the world is __________.
Answer:
Rafflesia

III. Write True or False :

Question 1.
The seasons are four.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Bamboo plants can grow upto 70cm in the day.
Answer:
False

IV. Answer briefly :

Question 1.
What are primary producers?
Answer:
As plants prepare food for themselves and also for other living things, they are called primary producers.

Question 2.
How are plants classified?
Answer:
Plants are classified in many ways based on stems, life span, seeds, flower and colour. In this session we will study about the classification of plants based on the flower and colour.

V. Answer briefly :

Question 1.
Differentiate : Flowering plants and Non-flowering plants
Answer:

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Pdf Term 2 Water 1 Food Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Solutions Term 2 Chapter 2 Water

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Water Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
Water is the most _____________ resource on the Earth.
(a) Precious
(b) Solid
(c) Gas
Answer:
(a) Precious

Question 2.
Water exists in _____________ states.
(a) Two
(b) Three
(c) Four
Answer:
(b) Three

Question 3.
At temperature below ____________ water freezes to form ice.
(a) 10°C
(b) 100°C
(c) 0° C
Answer:
(c) 0°C

Question 4.
___________ is the process by which water becomes water vapour.
(a) Condensation
(b) Evaporation
(c) Freezing
Answer:
(b) Evaporation

Question 5.
Which controls the ecological functions of life?
(a) Bicycle
(b) Water cycle
(c) Recycle water
Answer:
(b) Water cycle

II. Fill in the blanks with suitable answer :

Question 1.
Water is converted into ____________ when it is heated. (ice cube/water vapour).
Answer:
water vapour

Question 2.
Water becomes ice on ____________. (heating/freezing).
Answer:
Freezing

Question 3.
Water droplets combine to form _____________. (rain/clouds).
Answer:
Clouds

Question 4.
Water cycle increases the availability of ______________. (water tank/ground water).
Answer:
Ground water

Question 5.
___________ is a type of rainwater harvesting. (Roof top harvesting/Watercycle).
Answer:
Roof top harvesting

III. Write True or False :

Question 1.
Water is a good example for all states of matter.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Water cycle controls Earth’s temperature.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Water becoming water vapour on heating is called evaporation.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
37% of our brain’s mass consists of water.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
Roof top harvesting method is used in agriculture field.
Answer:
False

IV. Answer briefly :

Question 1.
Write the states of water.
Answer:
Water occurs naturally in three forms: ice, water and water vapour. These forms are also called states of water. Ice is in solid form, water is in liquid form and water vapour is in gaseous form.

Question 2.
What is freezing?
Answer:
Ice is a solid form of water. At temperature below 0° C water becomes ice. This process is called freezing.

Question 3.
Name the processes involved in water cycle.
Answer:
Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation.

Question 4.
Which state government made rain water harvesting as mandatory in the year 2001?
Answer:
Tamil Nadu is the first Indian state which made rainwater harvesting as mandatory in 2001.

Question 5.
What is needed to construct a rain water harvesting pit?
Answer:
Boulders, gravels and Coarse sand are needed to construct a rain water harvesting pit.

V. Answer in detail :

Question 1.
What is water cycle? Write any three importances of water cycle.
Answer:
The continuous cycle through which water is circulated by different processes like evaporation, condensation and precipitation is called water cycle.
Importances of water cycle :

• To improve the availability of ground water.
• To control the Earth’s temperature.
• To provide water to plants and animals especially humans.
• To recycle the Earth’s supply of water constantly.

Question 2.
What is rain water harvesting? List out the advantages of rain water harvesting.
Answer:
‘Rainwater harvesting’ is the process of collecting and storing rainwater for future use. Rainwater can be collected in natural reservoirs or artificial tanks. Roof top harvesting is also a type of rainwater harvesting. The rainwater on the top of the building is collected and passed into the ground through pipes.

Water passing thrcugh the pipes enters the pit which consist of gravels and Coarse sand. As it passes impurities are filtered and stored as ground water.
Advantages of rain water harvesting:

• It increases the ground water level
• It can be used for agriculture
• It increases the availability of water for living things.

V. Colour the given picture and write the correct name in the given blanks :

Question 1.

Answer:
Activity to be done by the students themselves

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Water InText Questions and Answers

Let us do (Text Book page No. 69)

Question 1.
See the given pictures and write down the state of each objects.(Solid, Liquid, Gas)

Answer:

Let us do (Text Book page No. 70)

Question 1.
Fill in the boxes given below with correct answers.
(Liquid, Solid, Melting, Freezing, Cooling, Heating, Gas)

Answer:
Change of states in water

Question 2.
Write any two water bodies in your area
Answer:
River, lake

Try to Answer (Text Book page No. 71)

Question 1.
Why water is a good example for all states of matter?
Answer:
Water is unique because it is the only natural substance that can exist in all three states of matter at the temperatures normally found on Earth! Water is usually a liquid, but when it reaches to 0° C (32° Fahrenheit (F)), it freezes into ice. (Ice is the solid state of water.) When water reaches 100° C (212° F), it boils.

When it begins to boil, some of the water turns into steam. (Steam is the gas state of water, and is also called water vapour.) When steam comes into contact with cool air (which reduces energy), it can condense back into water droplets (liquid again). Those water droplets could then freeze into (solid) ice.

Question 2.
Which of the following is in liquid state? Rain/Ice/Snow
Answer:
Rain.

Let us do (Text Book page No. 71)

Question 1.
Fill water in an ice tray and keep it in the freezer. After few hours, take it out. What happened to the water?
Answer:
Water turns into Ice (Solid state).

Question 2.
Now keep this ice tray on a table for some time. What happens to the ice?
Answer:
Ice melts and turns into liquid.

Question 3.
Pour water from the ice tray into a kettle. Ask an elder at your home to heat the kettle and observe the mouth of the kettle when the water starts boiling. What do you see?
Answer:
I see the water turns into vapour and bubbles are formed.

Think and Answer (Text Book page No. 72)

Question 1.
What happens to the water in a wet cloth?
Answer:
The water, in a wet cloth, gets evaporated. The cloth will be dried up.

Try to Answer (Text Book page No. 72)

Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
In the water cycle ____________.
(a) Only evaporation is involved
(b) Only condensation is involved
(c) Evaporation and condensation are involved
Answer:
(c) Evaporation and condensation are involved

Try to Answer (Text Book page No. 72)

Question 1.
Unscramble the words and fill in the blanks.
(a) ondencsaonti
Answer:
Condensation

(b) vaeionorpat
Answer:
evaporation

c) ecippitatrino
Answer:
(c) precipitation

Question 2.
Is water cycle important for farming? ____________
Answer:
Yes

Question 3.
Why is water cycle important to human? ________________
Answer:
The water cycle is constantly recycling the Earth’s supply of water. As humans need water to service, Water cycle is important.

Question 4.
Name the process which is responsible for the formation of droplets on the surface of a glass of cold drink. _______
Answer:
Condensation

Try to Answer (Text Book page No. 74)

Question 1.
List out some other benefits of rain water harvesting.
Answer:

• It reduces flooding and erosion.
• It can be used for non-drinking purposes, liking bathing, washing clothes, etc.
• It can improve plant Growth.

Question 2.
Suggest some ideas to save rainwater in your school.
Answer:

• Create awareness about the benefits of Rainwater Harvesting.
• Collect excess water by placing huge plastic drums.
• Install aerators on taps. Aerators reduce the amount of water flowing from the tap by upto 50%.
• Install rainwater tanks. Then connect the tanks to toilets or to the garden.

Let us do (Text Book page No. 74)

Question 1.
Discuss with your friends.
Rain water harvesting has an important role to protect our environment.
Answer:
Importance of Rainwater Harvesting :
Rainwater harvesting can be a permanent solution to the problem of the water crisis. This is particularly applicable in hilly areas where rainwater harvesting can be utilized for human consumption, for animals and also for farming.
A bad monsoon means low crop yield and shortage of food.

Even animals suffer from a scarcity of water. We face acute water crisis during the summer months. The farmers are the most affected because they do not get sufficient water for their fields. Rainwater harvesting, therefore, is an ideal solution for farmers who depend on monsoon for consistent water supply.

Unavailability of clean water compels the consumption of polluted water, giving rise to water-borne diseases and a high rate of infant mortality.

If rainwater, which comes for free, can be collected and stored, instead of letting it run off, it could be an alternative to back up the main water supply especially during dry spells.

Its importance will not be limited to an individual family but can be used by a community as well. It also creates a sense of social responsibility and awareness about the environment.

The importance of rainwater harvesting lies in the fact that it can be stored for future use. Harvesting rainwater checks surface runoff of water and reduce soil erosion.

In areas having sparse and irregular rainfall, scarcity of water is a persistent problem. It cannot be completely resolved but can be mitigated through rainwater harvesting.

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Water Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the best answer :

Question 1.
Ice is in form of ____________.
(a) Gas
(b) Liquid
(c) Solid
(d) Vapour
Answer:
(c) Solid

Question 2.
____________ of our brain’s mass consists of water
(a) 43%
(b) 53%
(c) 63%
(d) 73%
Answer:
(d) 73%

Question 3.
The Antartic region has about ___________ of the worlds fresh water.
(a) 70%
(b) 60%
(c) 50%
(d) 40%
Answer:
(a) 70%

Question 4.
__________ is the chemical formula of water.
(a) H₂O
(b) HO
(c) H₃O₂
(d) O₂.
Answer:
(a) H₂O

II. Fill in the blanks with suitable answer :

Question 1.
Human body consists of _____________ of water. Water( 65% / 75%)
Answer:
75%

Question 2.
_____________ is the only way to conserve rain water. (Condensation/Rainwater harvesting)
Answer:
Rain water harvesting

Question 3.
Each day, we lose a little more than a cup of water when we exhale.(inhale/ exhale)
Answer:
Exhale

III. Write True or False :

Question 1.
The rainwater harvesting was launched by the Tamil Nadu government in 2011.
Answer:
False

Question 2.
1 inch of rainfall on a 2000 sq.ft. roof is equal to 4,800 litres of water.
Answer:
True

IV. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences :

Question 1.
Where is water available in the liquid state?
Answer:
Water in liquid state is available in water bodies such as oceans, river, waterfalls etc.

Question 2.
How will you get water vapour from water?
Answer:
Water becomes water vapour as the temperature increases due to heat. Heating forms a white mist of extremely small water droplets in the air known as water vapour.

V. Answer in detail :

Question 1.
How will you construct a rainwater harvesting pit?
Answer:
Tips to construct a rainwater harvesting pit at school/home. Construct a pit of any shape or size. It may be generally constructed, 1-2 metre wide and 2-3 metre depth. The pits can be filled with boulders, gravels and Coarse sand. Put the boulders in the bottom, sand in the top and gravels in the middle.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Guide Pdf Term 1 Prose Chapter 1 Earth, The Desolated Home Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th English Solutions Term 1 Prose Chapter 1 Earth, The Desolated Home

5th English Guide Earth, The Desolated Home Text Book Back Questions and Answers

In-Text Question (Think):

Question 1.
What actions destroy the Earth? How will you change it?
Answer:
Human beings are responsible for deteriorating nature. The following activities destroy the Earth:

1. Industrialisation : Industries release poisonous gases into the environment. Solid waste is discharged into land and water bodies, polluting the land and water.
2. Emission of harmful gases: Vehicles emit a huge amount of harmful gases that pollute the air.
3. Construction: Agricultural lands are used for construction.
4. Deforestation: We destroy forests for urbanisation. It leads to the destruction of the natural habitat of many wild animals and birds.
5. Nuclear testing: Uncontrolled release of radioactive materials cause several harmful health effects on human beings and animals. We can change it by not polluting the air, water, and land.

Let us understand:

A. Choose the correct option:

(astronomer, Earth,sol, fuels, Mars)

Question 1.
A day in Mars is called ______.
Answer:
Alien

Question 2.
______ is called the red planet..
Answer:
Mars

Question 3.
Our planet is called the ______.
Answer:
Earth

Question 4.
We get water by burning ______.
Answer:
Fuels

Question 5.
The ______ are trying to terraform Mars.
Answer:
Scientists

B. Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
The man destroyed ______.
Answer:
The Earth

Question 2.
In the Earth, we get water from ______.
Answer:
Rain

Question 3.
In Mars ______ Earth days make a year.
Answer:
687

Question 4.
You don’t need ___ and __ in the Earth.
Answer:
A space suit; an Oxygen Cylinder

Question 5.
Fruits, vegetables, and water in Mars are not __
Answer:
Real

C. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What is the setting of the story?
Answer:
Life on Mars is the setting of the story.

Question 2.
Name the vegetables harvested in the vegetation hab.
Answer:
Crops and Carrots are harvested in the vegetarian hub.

Question 3.
What is a sol? How many sols make a year?
Answer:
A sol is Martian solar day. 687 sols make a year.

Question 4.
How water is produced in Mars?
Answer:
Water is produced by burning fuels on Mars.

Question 5.
In this story, what happened to the earth?
Answer:
Humans had destroyed the Earth.

Question 6.
What should be done to save the earth?
Answer:
To save the Earth, we should not pollute the air, water, and land.

Let us build:

Hi friends, we will show you magic. When we combine these two words, we will get a new word with a different meaning. These words are called compound words.
இரு வார்த்தைகள் இணைந்து ஒரு புதிய வார்த்தைக் கொடுத்தால் அது Compound word எனப்படும்.

Question 1.
= ______
Answer:

Question 2.
=________
Answer:

Question 3.
= ________
Answer:

A. Write the compound words from the picture:

Question 1.

Answer:

Question 2.

Answer:

Question 3.

Answer:

Question 4.

Answer:

B. Use the clues to complete the compound words:

Question 1.

Answer:

Question 2.

Answer:

Question 3.

Answer:

C. Match the compound words:

Question 1.

Answer:

D. Draw and write your own compound words:

Question 1.
= ______.
Answer:

Question 2.
= ______.
Answer:

Question 3.
= ______.
Answer:

Question 4.
= ______.
Answer:

Question 5.
= ______.
Answer:

E. Connect the compound words and create a new word:

Question 1.

Answer:

Question 2.

Answer:

Question 3.

Answer:

Question 4.

Answer:

5th English Guide Earth, The Desolated Home Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Write down the year in which the story was set.
Answer:
The story was set in the year 2068.

Question 2.
How many colonies did India establish on Mars?
Answer:
India established three colonies on Mars.

Question 3.
Who travelled more than 1500 km to meet Arivumathi?
Answer:
Arivumathi’s grandfather travelled more than 1500 km to meet her.

Question 4.
Where was Arivumathi sleeping?
Answer:
Arivumathi was sleeping in her capsule.

Question 5.
What is meant by dust storm?
Answer:
A dust storm is a storm in which strong winds carry a lot of dust.

Question 6.
How many sols did her grandfather take to reach her colony?
Answer:
Her grandfather took three sols to reach her colony.

Question 7.
What is the reason for the tastiness of fruits and vegetables grown in the Earth?
Answer:
The Earth had fertile soil. So the fruits and vegetables grown were tasty.

Question 8.
According to Arivu in which planet survival was very difficult?
Answer:
According to Arivu, survival was very difficult in Mars.

Question 9.
What would be the age of Arivu, if she lived on the Earth?
Answer:
Arivu would be 18 years old if she lived on the Earth.

Question 10.
Who is trying to Terraform the planet Mars?
Answer:
The scientists are trying to Terraform the planet Mars.

Question 11.
What is meant by Terraform?
Answer:
Terraform is a process by which the surface and climate would be changed to make the environment suitable to humans.

Earth, The Desolated Home Summary in English and Tamil

Let us Learn:

Earth, the Desolated Home பூமி, பாழாக்கப்பட்ட வீடு

It was the year 2068, humans had 2068 destroyed the Earth, and started colonizing the red planet Mars. India established three colonies; Arivumathi’s family lived in one such colony. On her birthday, her grandfather travelled more than 1500 km to meet her. When he reached, he saw her sleeping in her capsule.

2068 ஆம் வருடம். பூமியை (வாழ வழியற்றதாக) அழித்துவிட்ட மனிதர்கள் சிவப்பு கோளான செவ்வாய் கோளில் வாழ்விடங்களை ஏற்படுத்த தொடங்கினர். இந்தியா மூன்று காலனிகளை அமைத்திருந்தது. அத்தகைய ஒரு காலனியில் அறிவுமதியின் குடும்பமும் வசித்தது. அவளது பிறந்த நாளுக்காக 1500 கி.மீ. தொலைவிற்கும் அதிகமாக அவளது தாத்தா பயணம் செய்து அவளைக் காண வந்தார். அவர் அங்கு வந்தபோது, உருளை வடிவ படுக்கையில் அவள் உறங்கிக் கொண்டிருந்தாள்.

He said, “Wake up, Arivu.” Arivumathi was surprised, “Grandpa! When did you come? I was thinking” that you won’t be coming for my birthday.” He sighed, “Don’t you know about the dust storm of Mars? Sometimes, it even lasts for a month. But this time it did not. So I am on time. It still took me three sols to reach here. Now come on, let’s not waste time. We will go to harvest the vegetation.

எழுந்திரு அறிவு”, என்றபடி அவர் அவளை எழுப்பினார். அறிவுமதி ஆச்சரியமடைந்தாள். “தாத்தா, எப்போது வந்தீர்கள்? என் பிறந்த நாளுக்கு நீங்கள் வரமாட்டீர்கள் என்று நான் நினைத்துக் கொண்டிருந்தேன்”, என்றாள் அவள். அவர் பெருமூச்சு விட்டார். “செவ்வாய் கோளில் உள்ள புழுதிப் புயல் பற்றி உனக்குத் தெரியாதா? சில சமயம் அது ஒரு மாதம் வரையிலும் கூட நீடிக்கும். ஆனால் இந்த முறை அப்படியல்ல. ஆகவே நான் சரியான hab for vegetables.”. நேரத்திற்கு வந்து விட்டேன். இங்கு வர எனக்கு மூன்று நாட்கள் ஆகிவிட்டன. சரி, வா. நேரத்தை வீணாக்க வேண்டாம், நாம் காய்கறி தோட்டத்திற்குச் சென்று காய்கறிகளை அறுவடை செய்வோம்” என்றார் அவர்.

In the hab, he said, “Hmm, these carrots are not tasty anymore, like the ones I ate in my childhood.” She asked, “Why do you say so, Grandpa?” Grandfather explained, “The vegetables we grow here do not taste like the ones on the Earth. I really wish you had tasted the carrots from the Earth.” Arivu asked eagerly, “How did they grow the crops and vegetables on The Earth?”

காய்கறி தோட்டத்திற்கு வந்த அவர், “நான் குழந்தைப் பருவத்தில் சாப்பிட்டது போல, இந்த கேரட்கள் சுவையாக இல்லை” என்றார். “ஏன் அப்படிச் சொல்கிறீர்கள்,” என்று கேட்டாள் அவள். “இங்கு நாம் வளர்க்கும் காய்கறிகள், பூமியில் பூமியில் இருந்தது போல சுவையாக இல்லை. பூமியில் விளைந்த கேரட்களை நீ சாப்பிட்டுப் பார்த்திருக்க வேண்டும் என விரும்பினேன்,” என்றார் அவர். “பூமியில் பயிர்களையும், காய்கறிகளையும் அவர்கள் எவ்வாறு வளர்த்தார்கள்?”, என அறிவு ஆர்வத்துடன் கேட்டாள்.

Now, the grandfather was sad, like he is missing the Earth. He said, “The Earth had fertile soil, so the fruits and vegetables grown were healthy and tasty.” She asked, “But, I learnt that humans used chemical fertilizers, and polluted the soil. Here, we get unpolluted food and water. Is that correct?”

பூமியில் தான் வாழ முடியாததற்கு தாத்தா இப்போது வருத்தப்பட்டார். “பூமியில் வளமான மண் இருந்தது. ஆகவே அதில் விளைந்த பழங்களும், காய்கறிகளும் சுவையாகவும், ஆரோக்யம் தருவதாகவும் இருந்தன ,” என்றார் அவர். “ஆனால், மனிதர்கள் இரசாயன உரங்களைப் பயன்படுத்தி நிலத்தை மாசுபடுத்தியதாக நான் அறிந்தேன். இங்கே மாசுபடாத உணவும் தண்ணீ ரும் நமக்கு கிடைக்கிறது. சரிதானே?”, என்றாள் அறிவுமதி.

Grandfather laughed, “Already, I told you. These fruits, vegetables, and water are not the same as in the Earth. They are not real.” Arivu exclaimed, “Even the water?” He said “Of course! In Mars, we get water from burning fuels. On the Earth, we used to get water from rain, it was natural, and it was free!” She said “Grandpa, enough of your stories about the Earth. I know that life there was easy but, here survival is very difficult.” He replied, “Yes my dear, adapting to Mars is difficult. Today, we are fighting for things which we got easily.”

தாத்தா சிரித்தபடி, “ஏற்கனவே நான் உனக்குச் சொன்னேன், இந்த பழங்கள், காய்கறிகள் மற்றும் நீர் ஆகியன பூமியில் இருந்தது போல இல்லை. இவை இயற்கையானதல்ல, என்றார். அறிவு வியந்தபடி, “தண்ணீ ர் கூடவா?”, என்று கேட்டாள். அவர் சொன்னார், “ஆம்! செவ்வாயில் எரிபொருள்களை எரிப்பதால் நமக்கு தண்ணீர் கிடைக்கிறது. பூமியிலோ, இயற்கையாகப் பெய்யும் மழையால் நாம் நீர் பெற்றோம், அதுவும் இலவசமாக. “தாத்தா, பூமியைப் பற்றிய உங்கள் கதைகள் போதும். அங்கு வாழ்க்கை எளிதாக இருந்ததென எனக்குத் தெரியும். ஆனால் இங்கு வாழ்வது மிகவும் சிரமம்,” என்றாள் அவள். “ஆம், என் செல்லம்! செவ்வாய் கோளுக்கு ஏற்றபடி நாம் மாறுவது சிரமம்தான். முன்பு சுலபமாக நமக்கு கிடைத்தவைகளுக்கொல்லாம் இப்போது நாம் சண்டையிட்டுக் கொண்டிருக்கிறோம்,” என்று அவர் பதிலளித்தார்.

He continued, “In the Earth, you did not need a spacesuit or an oxygen cylinder. Also, the years are longer here.” Arivu said, “Yes, grandpa. In Mars, 687 days make a year.” He smiled, “Ha! Ha! Yes, you would be 18 years old on the Earth now.”

“விண்வெளி ஆடையோ, ஆக்ஸிஜன் சிலிண்டரோ பூமியில் உனக்கு தேவைப்படாது. என்று தாத்தா கூறினார். “ஆம், தாத்தா, செவ்வாயில் ஓர் ஆண்டுக்கு 687 நாட்கள்,” 18என்றாள் அறிவு. தாத்தா புன்னகைத்தபடி, “ஆம், பூமியில் உன் வயது இப்போது 18 ஆக இருந்திருக்கும்,” என்றார்.

Grandpa thought to himself, “We destroyed our home. The home that nature had offered us. Now, we are trying to make this our home.”

தாத்தா தன் மனதிற்குள் நினைத்துக் கொண்டார், “நாம் நமது வீட்டை அழித்து விட்டோம். அது இயற்கை நமக்கு அளித்த வீடு. இப்போது, இதனை நமது வீடாக மாற்ற முயற்சிக்கிறோம்.

Arivu looked at him and said, “Don’t, worry grandpa, the scientists are “trying to Terraform the Mars.” He said, “True, but nothing can be the Earth. Earth is our home. Ah, let us leave this for now. Today we should celebrate.”

நாம் வாழ்வதற்கு வசதியாக இருக்கும்படி விஞ்ஞானிகள் – மாற்ற முயற்சி செய்து கொண்டிருக்கிறார்கள்,” என்றாள். விட்டுவிடுவோம். இன்று நாம் கொண்டாட வேண்டும்,” என்றார் அவர்.

Earth, The Desolated Home Space Glossary

Adapting – Modify, readjust (வாழ்வதற்கு ஏற்றவாறு தன்னை மாற்றிக் கொள்ளுதல்)
Capsule – A small cylinder-shaped bed (உருளை வடிவ படுக்கை )
Celebrate – Rejoice (கொண்டாடு)
Crops – cultivated plants (பயிர்கள்)
Destroyed – Ruined, spoiled (அழித்த ல்)
Eagerly – Excitedly (ஆர்வத்துடன்)
Established – Set up (அமைத்தல்)
Exclaimed – Cry out suddenly with surprise (வியப்புடன் சத்தமிடுதல்)
Fertile – Productive (செழிப்பான / வளமான)
Fuels – An energy source for engines, power plants, or reactors (எரிபொருட்கள்)
Grow – Develop, rise (வளர்த்த ல்)
Hab – Habitat, human settlement (தங்குமிடம்)
Harvest – Reap (அறுவடை)
Last – Continue (நீடித்தல் / தொடருதல்)
Offered – Provided (வழங்குதல்)
Polluted – Contaminated (மாசுபடுத்துதல்)
Sad – Unhappy (வருத்தம்)
Scientist – An expert in science (விஞ்ஞானி)
Sighed – To exhale audibly in a long deep breath, as in weariness or relief (பெருமூச்சு விடுதல்)
Soil – Land (மண் / நிலம்)
Sol – Martian solar Day, A Martian day (செவ்வாய் கோளில் ஒரு நாள் ஒரு நாள்)
Started – Began (ஆரம்பித்தல்)
Storm – Tempest (புயல்)
Surprised – Amazed (வியப்படைதல்)
Survival – To remain alive (உயிர் வாழ்வது)
Terraform – A process by which the surface and climate would be changed to make the environment suitable to humans
(வாழ்வதற்கு ஏற்றபடி மாற்றியமைக்கும் முறை)
Travelled – To go from place to place (பயணித்த ல்)
Unpolluted – Clean (மாசுபடாத, சுத்தமான)