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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Solutions Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
‘The Detroit of Asia’ is
(a) Tuticorin
(b) Coimbatore
(c) Chennai
(d) Madurai
Answer:
(c) Chennai

Question 2.
Pumpsets and motors are produced mostly in …………….
(a) Salem
(b) Coimbatore
(c) Chennai
(d) Dharampuri
Answer:
(b) Coimbatore

Question 3.
Tuticorin is known as:
(a) Gateway of India
(b) Gateway of Tamil Nadu
(c) Pump city
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Gateway of Tamil Nadu

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

Question 4.
……………… are an essential aspect of a nation’s development.
(a) Agriculture
(b) Industry
(c) Railway
(d) none of these
Answer:
(a) Agriculture

Question 5.
Tiruppur is known for:
(a) Leather tanning
(b) Lock making
(c) Knitwear
(d) Aigo-processing
Answer:
(c) Knitwear

Question 6.
Along with Ambur and Vaniyambadi ………….. is also a centre for leather goods exports.
(a) Chennai
(b) Sivakasi
(c) Coimbatore
(d) Madurai
Answer:
(a) Chennai

Question 7.
IT means
(a) Indian Technology
(b) Information Technology
(c) Institute of Technology
(d) Initiative Technology
Answer:
(b) Information Technology

Question 8.
A successful industrial cluster entirely created by the Tamil Nadu is ………………
(a) Hosur
(b) Dindigul
(c) Kovilpatti
(d) Thirunelveli
Answer:
(a) Hosur

Question 9.
SIPCOT was formed in the year:
(a) 1972
(b) 1976
(c) 1971
(d) 1978
Answer:
(c) 1971

Question 10.
Which is the Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Agency?
(a) SIPCOT
(b) TANSIDCO
(c) TIDCO
(d) all of these
Answer:
(d) all of these

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

II. Fill in the blanks

  1. ………….. are very important in the modern economic activates of man.
  2. ………….. are groups of firms in a defined geographic area that share common market and technologies.
  3. Hundred of leather and tannery facilities are located around ………….. District inTamilNadu.
  4. ………….. is fondly calls as ‘Little Japan’.
  5. Special Economic Zones policy was introduced on in …………..
  6. ………….. is an innovator of new ideas and business processes.

Answers:

  1. Industrialisation
  2. Industrial Clusters
  3. Vellore
  4. Sivakasi
  5. April 2000
  6. Entrepreneur

III. Choose the correct statement

Question 1.
(i) Entrepreneurship promotes capital formation by mobilising the idle saving of the public.
(ii) They are not provide large scale employment to artisan, technically qualified persons and professionals.
(iii) Entrepreneurs help the country to increase the GDP and per capitals income.
(iv) Entrepreneurs not promote country’s export trade.
(a) (i) and (iv) is correct
(b) (i) only correct
(c) (iii) and (iv) is correct
(d) (i) and (iii) is correct
Answer:
(d) (i) and (iii) is correct

IV. Pick out odd one

Question 1.
Which one of the following is not having leather factories?
(a) Ranipet
(b) Bharmapuri
(c) Ambur
(d) Vaniyambadi
Answer:
(b) Bharmapuri

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

Question 2.
Which one of the following is not a industrial developing agency?
(a) TIDCO
(b) SIDCO
(c) MEPG
(d) SIPCOT
Answer:
(c) MEPG

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

V. Match the following
Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu 1
Answer:
A. (iii)
B. (i)
C. (iv)
D. (v)
E. (ii)

VI. Write Short Answer

Question 1.
Why should a developing economy diversify out of agriculture?
Answer:
As an economy grows and incomes increase, consumers tend to spend a lesser share of their income on products from the agricultural sector. There are limits to the ability of agriculture to absorb labour due to the declining marginal productivity of land. Due to this, there is a need for an economy’s production and employment base to diversity away from agriculture.

Question 2.
Why are wages low in the agricultural sector?
Answer:
Labour productivity cannot increase in the agricultural sector as the marginal productivity of land goes on decreasing. Therefore wages remain low resulting in poverty.

Question 3.
What is meant by an industrial cluster?
Answer:
Industrial clusters are groups of firms in a defined geographic area that share common markets, technologies and skill requirements. An important aspect of clusters is the nature of inter-firm networks and interactions.

Question 4.
What are the routes for cluster formation?
Answer:

  1. When artisans settle in one region and slowly spread their art in other regions.
  2. When a large firm is established, to take care of its inputs and service requirements a cluster of firms may emerge.
  3. Governments initiative to encourage Industrial sector using raw materials from a region.

Question 5.
Mention the 3 areas of policy-making that helped Tamil Nadu become one of the most industrialised states in the country.
Answer:
(a) Tamilnadu Industrial Policy – 2014
(b) Tamilnadu SEZs Policy
(c) Tamilnadu Biotechnology Policy – 2014

Question 6.
Mention any three-industrial development agencies in Tamil Nadu and their role.
Answer:
SIPCOT – State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu.

To promote Industrial growth by setting up Industrial Estates.

TIIC – Tamil Nadu Industrial Investment Cooperation Limited

To provide low – cost financial support for both setting up new firms and also to expand.

TIDCO – Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation.

To promote Industrial growth by setting up Industrial Estate

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

Question 7.
What are the problems of industrialization currently in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
To begin with, some clusters, especially chemicals, textiles and leather clusters, tend to generate a lot of polluting effluents that affect health. The effluents also pollute water bodies ‘ into which effluents are let into and also adjoining agricultural lands.

Second, employment generation potential has declined because of use of frontier technologies because of the need to compete globally. Quality of employment also has suffered in recent years as most workers are employed only temporarily. This issue too requires urgent attention among policymakers.

Question 8.
What is Meant by Entrepreneur?
Answer:
Entrepreneur is the person one who possess management skills, strong team building abilities and essential leadership qualities to manage a business.

Question 9.
What is Entrepreneurship?
Answer:
Entrepreneurship is a process of an action of an entrepreneur who undertakes to establish his entreprise. It is the ability to create and build something.

VII. Write brief Answer

Question 1.
What are the contributions of industrialization to development?
Answer:

  1. Industries contribute by producing inputs such as fertilizers and tractors to agriculture thereby help them to increase productivity.
  2. Services like Banking, transport and trade are dependent on the production of Industrial goods.
  3. By using modem methods of production Industries contribute to better productivity and hence lower cost of production:
  4. Industries helps to absorb the labour force coming out of agriculture.
  5. By using modem technology, labour productivity increases, which help workers to get higher wages.
  6. Increased income of the people lead to more demand for goods and services.
  7. By producing more Industrial products, exports increases, thereby generate more foreign exchange.

Question 2.
Write a note on history of industrialisation in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Industrialisation in the Colonial Period

  • The introduction of cotton cultivation in western and southern Tamil Nadu by the colonial government led to the emergence of a large-scale textile sector in these parts, which involved ginning, pressing, spinning and weaving operations.
  • Introduction of railways also expanded the market for cotton yam and helped develop the sector.
  • There was increase in trade during this period which led to industrial development. The two active ports in the region were Chennai and Tuticorin.
  • In Western Tamil Nadu, the emergence of textiles industries also led to demand and starting
    of textile machinery industry in the region.

Post-Independence to early 1990s:

  • After independence, several large enterprises were set up by both the central and state governments.
  • The Integral Coach Factory in Chennai made railway coaches and the Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) in Tiruchirapalli manufactured boilers and turbines.
  • Ashok Motors and Standard Motors together helped form an automobile cluster in the Chennai region.
  • The 1970s and 1980s saw the setting up of emergence of power loom weaving clusters in the Coimbatore region as well as expansion of cotton knitwear cluster in Timppur and home furnishings cluster in Kamr.
  • The Hosur industrial cluster is a successful case of how such policy efforts to promote industrial estates helped develop industries in a backward region.

Industrialization in Tamil Nadu – Liberalization Phase:

  • The final phase of industrialisation is the post-reforms period since the early 1990s.
  • Because of trade liberalisation measures, exports of textiles, home furnishings and leather products began to grow rapidly.
  • Efforts to attract investments led to entry of leading multinational firms (MNCs) into the state, especially in the automobile sector.
  • Chennai region also emerged as a hub for electronics industry with MNCs such as Nokia, Foxconn, Samsung and Flextronics opening plants on the city’s outskirts.
  • A significant share of these investments has come up in special economic zones in the districts bordering Chennai.
  • The major industries are automobiles, autocomponents, light and heavy engineering, machinery, cotton, etc.
  • This diffused process of industrialisation and corresponding urbanisation has paved the way for better rural-urban linkages in Tamil Nadu than in most other states.

Question 3.
What are the important characteristics of successful industrial clusters? .
Answer:
The following are the chief characteristics of a successful cluster.

  1. Geographical proximity of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)
  2. Sectoral specialisation
  3. Close inter firm collaboration
  4. Inter – firm competition based on innovation
  5. A Socio – Cultural Identity which facilitates trust.
  6. Multi – skilled workforce
  7. Active self – help organisations and
  8. Supportive regional and municipal governments.
  9. Through Competition, they are forced to become more efficient.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

Question 4.
Write about the Textile industry cluster in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
Textile Clusters:
Tamil Nadu is home to the largest textiles sector in the country. Because of the development of cotton textile industry since the colonial period, Coimbatore often referred as the “Manchester of South India”. At present, most of the spinning mills have moved to the smaller towns and villages at a radius over 100 to 150 km around the Coimbatore city. Tamil Nadu is the biggest producer of cotton yam in the country.

Palladam and Somanur, small towns near Coimbatore and the villages near these towns, are home to a dynamic powerloom weaving cluster as well. Powerloom is however more widespread with Erode and Salem region too having a large number of power loom units.

Tiruppur is famous for clustering of a large number of firms producing cotton knitwear. It accounts for nearly 80% of the country’s cotton knitwear exports and generates employment in the range of over three lakh people since the late 1980s. It is also a major producer for the domestic market. Because of its success in the global market, it is seen as one of the most dynamic clusters in the Global South. While initially most firms were run by local entrepreneurs, at present, some of the leading garment exporters in India have set up factories here.

Apart from body building, Karur is a major centre of exports of home furnishings like table cloth, curtains, bed covers and towels. Bhavani and Kumrapalayam are again major centres of production of carpets, both for the domestic and the global markets.

Apart from such modem clusters, there are also traditional artisanal clusters such as Madurai and Kanchipuram that are famous for silk and cotton handloom sarees. Even these clusters have witnessed a degree of modernisation with use of powerlooms in several units.

Question 5.
Write in detail about the types of policies adopted by the Tamil Nadu government to industrialise.
Answer:
The type of policies that are adopted by the Tamil Nadu Government to Industrialise are:- Education, Infrastructure, and Industrial promotion.

(i) Education: Industries require skilled human resources. Therefore, labourers are given technical knowledge apart from basic skills to enrich themselves. Many engineering colleges, polytechnics and Industrial training centres are opened in the country.

(ii) Infrastructure: Excellent infrastructure facilities has contributed to the spread of Industrialisation in smaller towns and villages in the state. Rural electrification, transport and especially minor roads that connect rural parts of the State enabled vast Industrialisation.

(iii) Industrial Promotion: Policies to promote specific sectors like automobile, auto components, bio – technology and information and communication sectors have been formulated to promote Industries of the state.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

Question 6.
Explain the role of Entrepreneur?
Answer:
Role of an Entrepreneur:
Entrepreneurs play a most important role in the economic growth and development of a country’s economy.

  1. They promote development of industries and help to remove regional disparities by industrialising rural and backward areas.
  2. They help the country to increase the GDP and Per Capita Income.
  3. They contribute towards the development of society by reducing concentration of income and wealth.
  4. They promote capital formation by mobilising the idle savings of the citizens and country’s export trade.
  5. Entrepreneurs provide large-scale employment to artisans, technically qualified persons and professionals and work in an environment of changing technology and try to maximise profits by innovations.
  6. They enable the people to avail better quality goods at lower prices, which results in the improvement of their standard of living.

VIII. Case studies

Question 1.
Choose a cluster in Tamil Nadu based on online research and write a note on it.
Answer:
An example of a cluster in Tamil Nadu is given below. Students can do online research on their own and write details using this as a sample.

Example case study of a pulp and paper industry in Tamil Nadu.

Tamil Nadu Newprint and papers Limited (http:// www.tnpl.co.in/)

The company: TNPL was formed by the Government of India in 1979 as a public limited company under the provisions of the companies Act of 1956. Objective: The primary objective of the company is to produce newsprint and printing and writing paper using bagasse, a sugarcane residue as the primary raw material.

Assistance: The only paper will in India assisted by the World Bank.

Machinery: The state of art machines were built in flexibility for manufacturing both newsprint and printing and writing papers in the same machine.

Capacity: The latest upgraded capacity enhanced to 2,30,000 tpa in April 2003 through upgradation of the paper machines which is considered as the largest production capacity in India at a single location.

Marketing: The products are being marketed throughout the country and also exported to 20 countries around the world.

Location: The factory is situated at Kagithapuram in Kanir district in Tamil Nadu.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

IX. Activity and Project

Question 1.
Write a note on a cluster or a firm near your school/home based on your observations.
Answer:
Here is an sample of a cluster of firm observed in an area is given. This is to help students gain a basic idea about how to undertake this activity. Students can select their location, observe and write findings and do this activity.

Name of the Village: Neikkarapatti, Salem

Industrial cluster: Good quality and high production of Jaggery. The area in around almost all the houses, small or big make it a point to involve themselves in the production of Jaggery.

Type: It is one of the prominent Cottage Industry in the area.

Reason: Most of the farmers in the region cultivate sugarcane and own a jaggery making unit.

Labour: It is a manual jaggery making traditional work, unmindful of the challenges.

Process: The whole process takes about five hours with different names locally as Vellam and Mandai Vellam based on the shape of the mould.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

X. Life Skills

Question 1.
Teacher and Students discuss about the entrepreneurs and their activities and Write an a essay in the topic of “If you are like a Entrepreneur”.
Answer:
Note: Students should imagine themselves as entrepreneurs and write an essay on the topic. This is sample essay given as a guideline for the students.

(A stationery shop – business)

Entrepreneurs are business owners. If I am a entrepreneur, first of all, I should start my business in the line of my interest and in part with the demand of the locality and their needs. This would help me to earn profit from it.

I prefer do my entrepreneurial task by staring it at a small level with less financial investment (approx. 10,000) from my uncle who is also an entrepreneur who supports and motivates me.

I purchase my products for sale from the whole saler. The items I purchase are not perishable stationery items. It is easy for me to store it in my house itself. I get bulk orders from nearby shops. Sometimes, latest arrivals of designed erasers, pencil sharpeners will be a attractive one.

As an entrepreneur, I am ready to face risk factors, price hike, less demand, poor quality, seasonal changes and so on. But, I enjoy my work as a businessman and earn profit that gives my career a spark to continue in the same line of business.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
The conversion of raw materials into usable materials is called as
(a) Entrepreneur
(b) Industry
(c) Exports
(d) Clusters
Answer:
(b) Industry

Question 2.
Wind energy is a form of …………… energy.
(a) Solar
(b) Petrol
(c) Hydel
Answer:
(a) Solar

Question 3.
SMESare:
(a) Small and Medium Enterprises
(b) Small, Medium, Export Services
(c) Small and Medium Export Services
(d) Salem Metal Export Services.
Answer:
(a) Small and Medium Enterprises

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

Question 4.
TIDCo is another government agency to establish ………………. estates.
(a) Industrial
(b) tea
(c) Real
Answer:
(a) Industrial

Question 5.
The Namakkal -Tiruchengode belt in Western Tamil Nadu is known for its ………………. building industry.
(a) Textile
(b) Truck body
(c) Coach
(d) Steel
Answer:
(b) Truck body

Question 6.
MEPZ is a special Economic zone in …………….
(a) Chennai
(b) Trichy
(c) Tirunelveli
Answer:
(a) Chennai

Question 7.
TANS! was formed in the year:
(a) 1945
(b) 1955
(c) 1965
(d) 1975
Answer:
(c) 1965

Question 8.
………………. is an innovator of new ideas in business.
(a) Agriculturalist
(b) Entrepreneur
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None
Answer:
(b) Entrepreneur

Question 9.
There are limits to the ability of agriculture to absorb labour due to the ………………. marginal productivity of land.
(a) Increasing
(b) Decreasing
(c) Steady
(d) None
Answer:
(b) Decreasing

Question 10.
Health care and educational services are diffused across major cities of:
(a) Chennai
(b) Coimbatore
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Tiruppur
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b)

Question 11.
Nanguneri SEZ is situated at:
(a) Tiruvallur
(b) Vayalur
(c) Thirunelveli
(d) Tambaram
Answer:
(c) Thirunelveli

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

Question 12.
………………. is intended to provide low – cost financial support for both setting up of new units and for expansion of existing units.
(a) TIDCO
(b) TANSI
(c) TIIC
(d) MEPZ
Answer:
(c) TIIC

Question 13.
When Government decide to encourage manufacturing using raw material from a region. It may lead to emergence of:
(a) Industrial clusters
(b) More taxation
(c) Subsidy
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(a) Industrial clusters

Question 14.
The notion of an “Industrial district” was developed by Prof:
(a) Adam Smith
(b) Marshall
(c) Samuelson
(d) Pigou
Answer:
(b) Marshall

Question 15.
Heavy vechicles factory was set up to manufacture tanks in:
(a) Peramber
(b) Avadi
(c) Tiruchy
(d) Vellore
Answer:
(b) Avadi

Question 16.
Dindigul, Vellore and Amber area are famous for products.
(a) Rice
(b) Wheat
(c) Leather
(d) Marine
Answer:
(c) Leather

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

Question 17.
The Avadi Industrial Estate was set up in the year:
(a) 1950
(b) 1960
(c) 1970
(d) 1980
Answer:
(a) 1950

Question 18.
IT (Information Technology) Specific Special Economic Zones are located in ………………. locations in Tamil Nadu.
(a) 6
(b) 7
(c) 8
(d) 10
Answer:
(c) 8

Question 19.
The agencies that is formed to promote Industrial growth in the state by setting up Industrial estates are:
(a) SIPCOT
(b) TIDCO
(c) TIIC
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Question 20.
Over the last ten years a few software firms have moved from Chennai to:
(a) Madurai
(b) Bangalore
(c) Coimbatore
(d) None
Answer:
(c) Coimbatore

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

II. Fill in the blanks

  1. Stand up India scheme was launched in India in the year
  2. ………….. is the ability to create and built something.
  3. The Industries that produce raw materials for other Industries are called ………….. Industries.
  4. If the output is consumed by another producer then, it is called as ………….. goods.
  5. Geographical proximity of small and medium enterprise is a chief characteristic of a ………….. cluster.
  6. ………….. policies have contributed to the decline of the handloom weaving industry.
  7. The Salem steel plant was set up in the year …………..
  8. Home Furnishings cluster is located at …………..
  9. Integral Coach Factory (ICF) makes …………..
  10. MNC means …………..
  11. There are ………….. clusters in 13 districts of Tamil Nadu.
  12. Transportation and poultry clusters are located in …………..
  13. ………….. located in Trichy manufactures Boilers and Turbines.
  14. The ………….. district is the top exporter of finished leather goods in the country.
  15. SIPGOT was formed in the year …………..
  16. MEPZ was established in the year to promote foreign direct investment.
  17. A policy was set up in the year ………….. for setting up special Economic zone.
  18. TANSI was formed in the year …………..
  19. The poison control centre is associated with ………….. SEZ.
  20. ………….. is the first Industrial cooperation operating in the domain of small enterprises.
  21. There are ………….. export processing zones in the country set up by the Central Government.
  22. ………….. schemes provides financial help specifically to SC and ST borrower and woman borrower.
  23. Start up India scheme was launched to generate ………….. and creating …………..

Answers:

  1. 5th April 2016
  2. Entrepreneur
  3. Basic goods
  4. capital
  5. successful
  6. Colonial
  7. 1973
  8. Karur
  9. Railway coaches
  10. Multi – National Companies
  11. 27
  12. Namakkal
  13. BHEL
  14. Vellore
  15. 1971
  16. 1984
  17. 2000
  18. 1965
  19. Bio – pharmaceuticals
  20. TANSI
  21. Seven
  22. Standup India
  23. employment, wealth

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

IV. Choose the correct statement

Question 1.
(i) The development of Industries in India can be studied under colonial phase, post independent phase and liberalisation phase.
(ii) Services sector contributes a major share in employment generation.
(iii) Karur is expertised in bus body building and home furnishing.
(iv) Tamil Nadu is the biggest producer of cotton yarn in the country.
(a) (i), (ii) are correct
(b) (iii), (iv) are correct
(c) (i), (iii), (iv) are correct
(d) all are correct
Answer:
(d) all are correct

Question 2.
(i) Only after the economic reforms in 1990 the state has been the entry of hardware and electronic manufacture centres.
(ii) Bhavani and Kumarapalayan are major centres of production of carpets locally and globally.
(iii) Sivakasi region has now become a major centre for printing and fireworks in the country.
(iv) Dindigul and Erode are major employment generators in Knitwear industry.
(a) (i), (ii) are correct
(b) (i), (ii), (iii) are correct
(c) only (ii) and (iv) correct
(d) All are correct
Answer:
(b) (i), (ii), (iii) are correct

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

V. Pick out odd one

Question 1.
Which is not a export processing zone?
(a) MEPZ
(b) SEZ
(c) TIDCO
(d) ELCOT
Answer:
(c) TIDCO

Question 2.
Tamil Nadu’s Textile clusters does not include
(a) Coimbatore
(b) Padalam
(c) Somanur
(d) Dindigul
Answer:
(d) Dindigul

Question 3.
Which of the following is not under IT cluster?
(a) Nokia
(b) Foxconn
(c) Infosys
(d) MEPZ
Answer:
(d) MEPZ

VI. Write Short Answer

Question 1.
What is the industry?
Answer:
“Any human activity which is engaged in the conversion of raw materials into readily usable materials is called an industry”.

Question 2.
Why is small scale sectors considered important?
Answer:
The small scale sector is seen as important for two reasons.

  1. To generate more employment than the large – scale sector.
  2. The small scale sectors allows for a larger number of entrepreneurs to emerge from less privileged groups.

Question 3.
What is MEPZ?
Answer:
MEPZ is a special Economic Zone in Chennai and it is one of the seven export processing zones in the country set up by the central government. It was established in 1984. The MPEZ head-quarters is located on GST Road in Tambaram, Chennai.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

Question 4.
Write the names of MNCs in Chennai region.
Answer:
MNCs such as Nokia, Foxconn, Samsung and Flextronics.

Question 5.
Write about Bus Body Building Industry clusters.
Answer:
The Namakkal-Tiruchengode belt in western Tamil Nadu is known for its truck body building industry. About 150 of the 250 units in this sector are located in this cluster including 12 large-sized body building houses. Karur is another major hub with more than 50 units. Many entrepreneurs were previous employees in a big firm involved in body building who came out . to set up their own units.

Question 6.
List down the names of the agencies that have played an important role in the Industrialisation of a state.
Answer:

  1. SIPCOT – State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu.
  2. TANSIDCO – Tamil Nadu Small Industries Development Corporation.
  3. TIDCO – Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation
  4. TIIC – Tamil Nadu Industrial Investment Corporation Limited.
  5. TANSI – Tamil Nadu Small Industries Corporation Limited.

Question 7.
What is meant by SEZ?
Answer:
SEZ means Special Economic Zone in the country with a view to improve free environment for exports.

Question 8.
What do you understand by Stand up India Scheme?
Answer:
It is a scheme launched by the Indian Government with the primary objective of generation employment and wealth creation.

Question 9.
What do you understand by standup India scheme?
Answer:
It is a scheme launched by the Indian Government to facilitate bank loans between ₹ 10 lakh and ₹ 1 crore to atleast one scheduled caste (or) scheduled Tribe borrower and one woman borrower per bank branch for setting up a greenfield enterprise.

Question 10.
How do entrepreneurs promote formation?
Answer:
Entrepreneurs promote capital formation by mobilising the idle savings of the citizens and increasing country’s exports.

Samacheer Kalvi 10th Social Science Guide Economics Chapter 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu

VII. Write Brief Answer

Question 1.
Write in detail about the types of industries on the basis of its use, raw ‘ material, ownership, and size.
Answer:
Types of Industries:

On the basis of

Uses:
Consumer goods Industries ⇒ output to the final consumer
Capital goods Industries ⇒ output consumed by another producer.
Basic goods Industries ⇒ output as the raw material for other Industries.

Raw material:
Agricultural sector
Industrial sector
Agro based sector
Leather Industries

Ownership:
Public owned ⇒ Government owned
Private owned ⇒ Private owned Co-operative owned

Size:
Large scale Industries
Small scale Industries
Medium scale Industries
Micro (or) tiny

Question 2.
Name some industrial development agencies and explain them.
Answer:
The following are some agencies that have played a key role in industrialization in the state. SIPCOT: (State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu), 1971 It was formed in the year 1971 to promote industrial growth in the state by setting up industrial estates.

TANSIDCO: (Tamil Nadu Small Industries Development corporation), 1970
TANSIDCO is a state-agency of the state of TN established in the year 1970 to promote small- scale industries in the state. It gives subsidies and provide technical assistance for new firms in the small scale sector.

TIDCO (Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation), 1965:
TIDCO is another government agency to promote industries in the state and to establish industrial estates.

TIIC (Tamil Nadu Industrial Investment Corporation Ltd.), 1949:
TIIC is intended to provide low-cost financial support for both setting up new units and also for expansion of existing units. Though it is meant to meet the requirements of all types of firms, 90% of support goes to micro, small and medium enterprises.

TANSI (Tamil Nadu Small Industries Corporation Ltd.), 1965:
TANSI was formed in 1965 to take over the small scale-units that were set up and run by the Department of Industries and Commerce. It is supposed to be the first industrial corporation operating in the domain for small enterprises.