Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Science Guide Pdf Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.
Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 11th Computer Science Solutions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques
11th Computer Science Guide Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques Text Book Questions and Answers
Book Evaluation
Part I
Choose The Correct Answer
Question 1.
The term is used to describe a programming approach based on classes and objects is
a) OOP
b) POP
c) ADT
d) SOP
Answer:
a) OOP
Question 2.
The paradigm which aims more at procedures.
a) Object Oriented Programming
b) Procedural programming
c) Modular programming
d) Structural programming
Answer:
b) Procedural programming
Question 3.
Which of the following is a user defined data type?
a) class
b) float
c) int
d) object
Answer:
a) class
Question 4.
The identifiable entity with some characteristics and behaviour is.
a) class
b) object
c) structure
d) member
Answer:
b) object
Question 5.
The mechanism by which the data and functions are bound together into a single unit is known as
a) Inheritance
b) Encapsulation
c) Polymorphism
d) Abstraction
Answer:
b) Encapsulation
Question 6.
Insulation of the data from direct access by the program is called as
a) Data hiding
b) Encapsulation
c) Polymorphism
d) Abstraction
Answer:
a) Data hiding
Question 7.
Which of the following concept encapsulate all the essential properties of the object that are to be created?
a) class
b) Encapsulation
c) Polymorphism
d) Abstraction
Answer:
d) Abstraction
Question 8.
Which of the following is the most important advantage of inheritance?
a) data hiding
b) code reusability
c) code modification
d) accessibility
Answer:
b) code reusability
Question 9.
“Write once and use it multiple time” can be achieved by
a) redundancy
b) reusability
c) modification
d) composition
Answer:
b) reusability
Question 10.
Which of the following supports the transitive nature of data?
a) Inheritance
b) Encapsulation
c) Polymorphism
d) Abstraction
Answer:
a) Inheritance
Part – II
Very Short Answer
Question 1.
How is modular programming different from the procedural programming paradigm?
Answer:
Modular programming:
- Emphasis on the algorithm rather than data.
- Programs are divided into individual modules.
- Each modules are independent of each other and have their own local data.
- Modules can work with their own data as well as with the data passed to it.
Procedural programming:
- Programs are organized in the form of subroutines or subprograms.
- All data items are global.
- Suitable for a small-sized software applications.
- Difficult to maintain and enhance the program code as any change in data type needs to be propagated to all subroutines that use the same data type.
Question 2.
Differentiate classes and objects.
Answer:
Class: A Class is a construct in C++ which is used to bind data and its associated function together into a single unit using the encapsulation concept. Class is a user-defined data type.
Object: An identifiable entity with some characteristics and behaviour is called an object.
Question 3.
What is polymorphism?
Answer:
Polymorphism is the ability of a message or function to be displayed in more than one form.
Question 4.
How are encapsulation and abstraction are interrelated?
Answer:
The mechanism by which the data and functions are bound together into a single unit is known as Encapsulation. It implements abstraction.
Abstraction refers to showing only the essential features without revealing background details.
Question 5.
Write the disadvantages of OOP.
Answer:
- Size: Object-Oriented Programs are much larger than other programs.
- Effort: Object-Oriented Programs require a lot of work to create.
- Speed: Object-Oriented Programs are slower than other programs, because of their size.
Part – III
Short Answers
Question 1.
What is a paradigm? Mention the different types of paradigm.
Answer:
The paradigm means organizing principle of a program. It is an approach to programming.
There are different approaches available for problem-solving using computers. They are:
- Procedural programming,
- Modular Programming and
- Object-Oriented Programming.
Question 2.
Write a note on the features of procedural programming.
Answer:
Important features of procedural programming
- Programs are organized in the form of subroutines or subprograms
- All data items are global
- Suitable for small-sized software application
- Difficult to maintain and enhance the program code as any change in data type needs to be propagated to all subroutines that use the same data type. This is time-consuming.
- Example: FORTRAN and COBOL.
Question 3.
List some of the features of modular programming
Answer:
Important features of modular programming:
- Emphasis on the algorithm rather than data.
- Programs are divided into individual modules.
- Each modules are independent of each other and have their own local data.
- Modules can work with its own data as well as with the data passed to it.
- Example: Pascal and C.
Question 4.
What do you mean by modularization and software reuse?
Answer:
- Modularization: where the program can be decomposed into modules.
- Software reuse: where a program can be composed of existing and new modules.
Question 5.
Define information hiding.
Answer:
The data is not accessible to the outside world, and only those functions which are wrapped in the class can access it.These functions provide the interface between the object’s data and the program.
This encapsulation of data from direct access by the program is called data hiding or information hiding.
Part-IV
Explain in Detail
Question 1.
Write the differences between object-oriented programming and procedural programming.
Answer:
Object-Oriented Programming:
- Emphasizes data rather than algorithms.
- Data abstraction is introduced in addition to procedural abstraction.
- Data and its associated operations are grouped into a single unit.
- Programs are designed around the data being operated.
- Example: C++, Java, VB.Net, Python
Procedural Programming:
- Programs are organized in the form of subroutines or subprograms.
- All data items are global.
- Suitable for a small-sized software application.
- Difficult to maintain and enhance the program code as any change in data type needs to be propagated to all subroutines that use the same data type.
- Example: FORTRAN and COBOL
Question 2.
What are the advantages of OOPs?
Answer:
Advantages of OOP Re-usability:
“Write once and use it multiple times” you can achieve this by using class.
Redundancy:
Inheritance is a good feature for data redundancy. If you need the same functionality in multiple classes you can write a common class for the same functionality and inherit that class to sub-class.
Easy Maintenance:
It is easy to maintain and modify existing code as new objects can be created with small differences to existing ones.
Security:
Using data hiding and abstraction only necessary data will be provided thus maintains the security of data.
Question 3.
Write a note on the basic concepts that support OOPs?
Answer:
Object-Oriented Programming has been developed to overcome the drawbacks of procedural and modular programming. It is widely accepted that object-oriented programming is the most important and powerful way of creating software.
The Object-Oriented Programming approach mainly encourages:
- Modularization: where the program can be decomposed into modules.
- Software reuse: where a program can be composed of existing and new modules.
Main Features of Object-Oriented Programming:
- Data Abstraction
- Encapsulation
- Modularity
- Inheritance
- Polymorphism
Encapsulation:
The mechanism by which the data and functions are bound together into a single unit is known as Encapsulation. It implements abstraction. Encapsulation is about binding the data variables and functions together in class. It can also be called data binding. Encapsulation is the most striking feature of a class.
The data is not accessible to the outside world, and only those functions which are wrapped in the class can access it. These functions provide the interface between the object’s data and the program. This encapsulation of data from direct access by the program is called data hiding or information hiding.
Data Abstraction:
Abstraction refers to showing only the essential features without revealing background details. Classes use the concept of abstraction to define a list of abstract attributes and function which operate on these attributes. They encapsulate all the essential properties of the object that are to be created. The attributes are called data members because they hold information. The functions that operate on these data are called methods or member functions.
Modularity:
Modularity is designing a system that is divided into a set of functional units (named modules) that can be composed into a larger application.
Inheritance:
Inheritance is the technique of building new classes (derived class) from an existing class (base class). The most important advantage of inheritance is code reusability.
Polymorphism:
Polymorphism is the ability of a message or function to be displayed in more than one form.
11th Computer Science Guide Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques Additional Questions and Answers
Choose The Correct Answer (1 Mark)
Question 1.
In procedural programming all data items are ……………….
(a) Cobol
(b) global
(c) fortran
(d) class
Answer:
(b) global
Question 2.
The object-oriented paradigm allows us to organize software as a collection of objects that consist of …………………..
a) Data
b) Behaviour
c) Both data and behaviour
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Both data and behaviour
Question 3.
………………. is an example of object-oriented programming.
(a) Python
(b) Java
(c) VB.Net
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above
Question 4.
Paradigm means ………………..
a) Organizing principle of a program
b) An approach to programming
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Either A or B
Question 5.
………………. is about binding the data variables and functions together in class.
(a) Data abstraction
(b) Modularization
(c) Redundancy
(d) Encapsulation
Answer:
(d) Encapsulation
Question 6.
In ………………. approach programs are organized in the form of subroutines or subprograms.
a) Modular Programming
b) Procedural Programming
c) Object-Oriented Programming
d) All the above
Answer:
b) Procedural Programming
Question 7.
…………………. approach of the program is time-consuming.
a) Modular Programming
b) Procedural Programming
c) Object-Oriented Programming
d) All the above
Answer:
b) Procedural Programming
Question 8.
……………… language is based on procedural programming.
a) FORTRAN
b) COBOL
c) Both A and B
d) C++
Answer:
c) Both A and B
Question 9.
…………….. paradigm consists of multiple modules; each module has a set of functions of related types.
a) Modular Programming
b) Procedural Programming
c) Object-Oriented Programming
d) All the above
Answer:
a) Modular Programming
Question 10.
In ……………… approach data is hidden under the modules
a) Modular Programming
b) Procedural Programming
c) Object-Oriented Programming
d) All the above
Answer:
a) Modular Programming
Question 11.
______ language is based on modular programming.
a) Pascal
b) C
c) Both A and B
d) C++
Answer:
c) Both A and B
Question 12.
………………. paradigm emphasizes the data rather than the algorithm.
a) Modular Programming
b) Procedural Programming
c) Object-Oriented Programming
d) All the above
Answer:
c) Object-Oriented Programming
Question 13.
………………… implements programs using classes and objects.
a) Modular Programming
b) Procedural Programming
c) Object-Oriented Programming
d) All the above
Answer:
c) Object-Oriented Programming
Question 14.
A …………….. is a construct in C++ which is used to bind data and its associated function together into a single unit.
a) Class
b) Structure
c) Array
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Class
Question 15.
A Class is a construct in C++ which uses the ……………….. concept.
a) Polymorphism
b) Encapsulation
c) Abstraction
d) Inheritance
Answer:
b) Encapsulation
Question 16.
Class is a ……………… data type.
a) User-defined
b) Derived
c) Primitive
d) None of these
Answer:
a) User-defined
Question 17.
…………………. can be defined as a template or blueprint representing a group of objects that share common properties and relationship.
a) Class
b) Structure
c) Array
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Class
Question 18.
……………….. are the basic unit of OOP.
a) Attributes
b) Objects
c) Members
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Objects
Question 19.
The class variables are called……………………
a) Instances
b) Objects
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Either A or B
Question 20.
An identifiable entity with some characteristics and behaviour is called ………………
a) Instances
b) Objects
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Either A or B
Question 21.
In ……………… method, programs are designed around the data being operated.
a) Modular Programming
b) Procedural Programming
c) Object-Oriented Programming
d) All the above
Answer:
c) Object-Oriented Programming
Question 22.
………………… language is based on object-oriented programming.
a) C++, Java
b) VB.Net
c) Python
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above
Question 23.
……………… is widely accepted that object-oriented programming is the most important and powerful way of creating software.
a) Modular Programming
b) Procedural Programming
c) Object-Oriented Programming
d) All the above
Answer:
c) Object-Oriented Programming
Question 24.
The Object-Oriented Programming approach mainly encourage ______
a) Modularisation
b) Software re-use
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Both A and B
Question 25.
…………………….. means the program can be decomposed into modules.
a) Modularisation
b) Software re-use
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Modularisation
Question 26.
………………… means, a program can be composed of existing and new modules.
a) Modularisation
b) Software re-use
c) Both A and B
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Software re-use
Question 27.
The main feature of Object-Oriented Programming is ………………….
a) Data Abstraction and Encapsulation
b) Modularity
c) Inheritance and Polymorphism
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above
Question 28.
……………………. implements abstraction.
a) Polymorphism
b) Encapsulation
c) Abstraction
d) Inheritance
Answer:
b) Encapsulation
Question 29.
……………….. can be called data binding.
a) Polymorphism
b) Encapsulation
c) Abstraction
d) Inheritance
Answer:
b) Encapsulation
Question 30.
……………………… is the most striking feature of a class,
a) Polymorphism
b) Encapsulation
c) Abstraction
d) Inheritance
Answer:
b) Encapsulation
Question 31.
The encapsulation of data from direct access by the program is called …………………….
a) Data hiding
b) Information hiding
c) Either A or B
d) None of these
Answer:
c) Either A or B
Question 32.
…………………… refers to showing only the essential features without revealing background details,
a) Polymorphism
b) Encapsulation
c) Abstraction
d) Inheritance
Answer:
c) Abstraction
Question 33.
The attributes are called ……………………..
a) Data members
b) Methods
c) Member functions
d) Either B or C
Answer:
a) Data members
Question 34.
…………………….. hold information.
a) Data members
b) Methods
c) Member functions
d) Either B or C
Answer:
a) Data members
Question 35.
The functions that operate on data numbers are called …………………..
a) Data members
b) Methods
c) Member functions
d) Either B or C
Answer:
d) Either B or C
Question 36.
………………. is designing a system that is divided into a set of functional units.
a) Polymorphism
b) Modularity
c) Abstraction
d) Inheritance
Answer:
b) Modularity
Question 37.
……………………. is the technique of building new classes from an existing class,
a) Polymorphism
b) Modularity
c) Abstraction
d) Inheritance
Answer:
d) Inheritance
Question 38.
In inheritance, the existing class is called as …………………….. class.
a) Base
b) Derived
c) Abstract
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Base
Question 39.
In inheritance, the newly created class is called as ………………… class.
a) Base
b) Derived
c) Abstract
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Derived
Question 40.
……………… is the ability of a message or function to be displayed in more than one form.
a) Polymorphism
b) Modularity
c) Abstraction
d) Inheritance
Answer:
a) Polymorphism
Question 41.
……………. means, write once and use it multiple times.
a) Re-usability
b) Redundancy
c) Security
d) None of these
Answer:
a) Re-usability
Question 42.
If we need the same functionality in multiple class you will write a common class for the same functionality and inherit that class to subclass is called ……………………
a) Re-usability
b) Redundancy
c) Security
d) None of these
Answer:
b) Redundancy
Question 43.
………………. is a good feature for data redundancy.
a) Polymorphism
b) Modularity
c) Abstraction
d) Inheritance
Answer:
d) Inheritance
Question 44.
…………………… programs are much larger than other programs.
a) Modular
b) Procedural
c) Object-Oriented
d) All the above
Answer:
c) Object-Oriented
Question 45.
………………….. program requires a lot of work to create.
a) Modular
b) Procedural
c) Object-Oriented
d) All the above
Answer:
c) Object-Oriented
Question 46.
……………… programs .are slower than other programs, because of their size.
a) Modular
b) Procedural
c) Object-Oriented
d) All the above
Answer:
c) Object-Oriented
Very Short Answers 2 Marks
Question 1.
Write a note on an object-oriented program.
Answer:
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is the term used to describe a programming approach based on classes and objects. The object-oriented paradigm allows us to organize software as a collection of objects that consist of both data and behaviour.
Question 2.
What is modularity?
Answer:
Modularity is designing a system that is divided into a set of functional units (named modules) that can be composed into a larger application.
Question 3.
Define Data binding.
Answer:
Encapsulation is about binding the data variables and functions together in class. It can also be called data binding.
Short Answers (3 Marks)
Question 1.
Write about objects.
Answer:
Objects: Represents data and its associated function together into a single unit. Objects are the basic unit of OOP. Basically, an object is created from a class. They are instances of class also called class variables. An identifiable entity with some characteristics and behaviour is called an object.
Question 2.
What are Encapsulation and data binding?
Answer:
The mechanism by which the data and functions are bound together into a single unit is known as Encapsulation. Encapsulation is the most striking feature of a class. The data is not accessible to the outside world, and only those functions which are wrapped in the class can access it. These functions provide the interface between the object’s data and the program. This encapsulation of data from direct access by the program is called data hiding or information hiding.