TN State Board 11th Computer Science Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 1.
Define procedural programming.
Answer:
Procedural is a list of instructions were given to the computer to do something. Procedural programming aims more at procedures. This emphasis on doing things.

Question 2.
Define class.
Answer:
Class is defined as a template or blueprint_representing a group objects that share common properties and relationship.

Question 3.
Define object.
Answer:
An identifiable entity with, some characteristics and behaviour is called object.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 4.
Define encapsulation.
Answer:
The mechanism by which the data and functions are bound together into a single unit is known as Encapsulation.

Question 5.
What do you mean by modularity?
Answer:
Modularity is designing a system that is divided into a set of functional units (named modules) that can be composed into a larger application.

Question 6.
What is Inheritance?
Answer:
Inheritance is the technique of building new classes (derived class) from an existing Class (base class). The most important advantage of inheritance is code reusability.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 7.
What do you mean by modular programming?
Answer:
Modular programming consist of a list of instructions that instructs the computer todo something. Tins’ Paradigm consists of multiple modules, each module has a set of functions of related types. Data is hidden under the modules. Arrangement of data can be changed only by modifying the module.

Question 8.
Write short note on (i) Class (ii) object.
Answer:
(i) Class:
AClass is a construct in C++ which is used to bind data and its associated function together into a single unit using the encapsulation concept. Class is a user defined data type. Class represents a group of similar objects. It can also be defined as a template or blueprint representing a group of objects that share common properties and relationship.

(ii) Object:
It represents data and its associated function together into a single unit. Objects are the basic unit of OOP. An object is created from a class. They are instances of class also called as class variables. An identifiable entity with some characteristics and behaviour is called object.

Question 9.
Write short note on Data Abstraction.
Answer:
Abstraction shows only the essential features without revealing background details. Classes use the concept of abstraction to define a list of abstract attributes and function which operate on these attributes. They encapsulate all the essential properties of the object that are to be created. The attributes are called data members because they hold information. The functions that operate on these data are called methods or member function.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 10.
Write short note on Encapsulation.
Answer:
The mechanism by which the data and functions are bound together into a single unit is known as Encapsulation. It implements abstraction.

Encapsulation is about binding the data variables and functions together in class. It can also be called data binding. Encapsulation is the most striking feature of a class. The data is accessible only to functions which are wrapped in the class can access it. These functions provide the interface between the object’s data and the program. This encapsulation of data from direct access by the program is called data hiding or information hiding. ‘

Question 11.
Write down the important features of object oriented programming language.
Answer:

  1. Emphasizes on data rather than algorithm.
  2. Data abstraction is introduced in addition to procedural abstraction.
  3. Data and its associated operations are grouped in to single unit.
  4. Programs are designed around the data being operated.
  5. Relationships can be created between similar, yet distinct data types.
    Eg: C++, Java, VB.Net, Python etc.

Question 12.
What do you mean by procedural programming? Write down the important features.
Answer:
Procedural is a list of instructions given to the computer to do something. Procedural programming aims more at procedures. This emphasis on doing things.
Important features of procedural programming:
(i) Programs are organized in the form of subroutines or sub programs.
(ii) All data items are global.
(iii) Suitable for small sized software application.
(iv) Difficult to maintain and enhance the program code as any change in data type needs to be propagated to all subroutines that use the same data type. This is time consuming.
Eg: FORTRAN and COBOL.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 13.
Explain modular programming with important features.
Answer:
Modular programming consist of a list of instructions that instructs the computer to do something. This Paradigm consists of multiple modules, each module has a set of functions of related types. Data is hidden under the modules. Arrangement of data can be changed only by modifying the module.
Important features of Modular programming:
(i) Emphasis on algorithm rather than data.
(ii) Programs are divided into individual modules.
(iii) Each modules are independent of each other and have their own local data.
(iv) Modules can work with its own data as well as with the data passed to it.
Eg: Pascal and C.

Question 14.
Explain object oriented programming in detail.
Answer:
Object Oriented Programming paradigm emphasizes on the data rather than the algorithm. It implements programs using classes and objects.

Class:
A Class is construct in C++, which is used to bind data and its associated function together into a single unit using the encapsulation concept. Class is a user defined data type. Class represents a group of similar objects.
An identifiable entity with some characteristics and behaviour is called object.
Important features of Object oriented programming:

  1. Emphasizes on data rather than algorithm.
  2. Data abstraction is introduced in addition to procedural abs’traction.
  3. Data and its associated operations are grouped into single unit.
  4. Programs are designed around the data being operated.
  5. Relationships can be created between similar, yet distinct data types.
  6. Eg: C++, Java, VB.Net, Python etc.,

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 15.
How is modular programming different from procedural programming paradigm?
Answer:
Procedural programming aims more at procedures. Here the programs are organized in the form of subroutines or sub programs. Modular programming emphasis on algorithm rather than data. Programs are divided into individual molecules.

Question 16.
Differentiate classes and objects.
Answer:

Object

 Class

An instance of a class is known as object.  A template or blueprint with which objects are created is known as class.
Object is invoked by new keyword.  Class is declared by using class keyword.
Creation of object consumes memory.  The formation of a class doesn’t allocate memory.

Question 17.
What is polymorphism?
Answer:
Polymorphism is the ability of a message or function to be displayed in more than one form.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 18.
How encapsulation and abstraction are interrelated?
Answer:
Encapsulation is wrapping data into single unit. Abstraction is hiding unessential parts and showing only essential data.

Question 19.
Write the disadvantages of OOP.
Answer:
Size: Object Oriented Programs are much larger than other programs.
Effort: They require a lot of work to create.
Speed: They are slower than other programs, because of their size.

Question 20.
What is paradigm? Mention the different types of paradigm.
Answer:

  1. Paradigm means organizing principle of a program. It is an approach to programming.
  2. Procedural programming, Modular Programming and Object Oriented Programming are different approaches available for solving problem using computer.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 21.
Write a note on the features of procedural programming.
Answer:

  1. Programs are organized in the form of subroutines or sub programs.
  2. All data items are global.
  3. Suitable for small sized software application.
  4. Difficult to maintain and enhance the program code as any change in data type needs to be propagated to all subroutines that use the same data type. This is time consuming.
    Eg: FORTRAN and COBOL.

Question 22.
List some of the features of modular programming.
Answer:

  1. Emphasis On algorithm rather than data.
  2. Programs are divided into individual modules.
  3. Each modules are independent of each other and have their own local data.
  4. Modules can work with its own data as well as with the data passed to it.
    Eg: Pascal and C.

Question 23.
What do you mean by modularization and software reuse?
Answer:
Modularization:
The program can be decomposed into modules.
Software re-use: A program can be composed from existing and new modules.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 24.
Define information hiding.
Answer:
Encapsulation of data from direct access by the program is called data hiding or information hiding.

Question 25.
Write the differences between Object Oriented Programming and procedural programming.
Answer:

Object Oriented Programming

 Procedural programming

Program is divided into parts called objects. Program is divided into small parts called functions.
Importance is given to the data rather than procedures or functions because it works as a real world.  Importance is not given to data but to functions.
OOP has access specifier named public, private, protected. Procedural programming does not have access specifier.
Objects can move and communicate with each other through member functions. Data can move freely from function to function in the system.
Data cannot move easily from function to function, it can be kept public or private. So we can control the access of data. Function uses Global data for sharing that can be accessed freely from function to function in the system.
OOP provides Data Hiding. So it provides more security. It does not have any proper way for hiding data. So it is less secure.
Overloading is possible in the form of function, overloading and operator overloading. Overloading is not possible.
Example of C++,               JAVA, VB.NET, C#. NET. C, VB, FORTRAN, PASCAL

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 26.
What are the advantages of OOPs?
Answer:
(i) Reusability:
Write once and use it multiple times” it can achieved by using class.

(ii) Redundancy:
Inheritance is the good feature for data redundancy. If a same functionality is needed in multiple class, a common class is written for the same functionality and inherit that class to sub class.

(iii) Easy Maintenance:
It is easy to maintain and modify existing code as new objects can be created with small differences to existing ones.

(iv) Security:
Using data hiding and abstraction only necessary data will be provided thus maintains the security of data.

Question 27.
Write a note on the basic concepts that support OOPs.
Answer:
Main Features of Object Oriented Programming are
(i) Data Abstraction,
(ii) Encapsulation,
(iii) Modularity,
(iv) Inheritance,
(v) Polymorphism.

(i) Data Abstraction:
Abstraction refers to showing only the essential features without revealing background details.

(ii) Encapsulation:
The mechanism by which the data and functions are bound together into a single unit is known as Encapsulation. It implements abstraction.

(iii) Modularity:
Modularity is designing a system that is divided into a set of functional units (named modules) that can be composed into a larger application.

(iv) Inheritance:
Inheritance is the technique of building new classes (derived class) from an existing Class (base class). The most important advantage of inheritance is code reusability.

(v) Polymorphism:
Polymorphism is the ability of a message or function to be displayed in more than one form.

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
The ________ Paradigm allows us to organize software as a collection of objects that consists of both data and behaviour.
(a) STACK
(b) SOP
(c) SAP
(d) OOP
Answer:
(d) OOP

Question 2.
__________ means organizing principle of a program.
(a) Functions
(b) Paradigm
(c) Class
(d) Object
Answer:
(b) Paradigm

Question 3.
In __________ programming programs are organized in the form of subroutines or sub programs.
(a) procedural
(b) functional
(c) structural
(d) modular
Answer:
(a) procedural

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 4.
FORTRAN and COBOL are examples of ________ programming.
(a) Structural
(b) Modular
(c) Linear
(d) Procedural
Answer:
(d) Procedural

Question 5
_________ programming consists of multiple modules, each module has a set of functions of related types.
(a) Linear
(b) Non – Linear
(c) Model
(d) Modular
Answer:
(d) Modular

Question 6.
__________ is hidden under modules.
(a) Object
(b) Class
(c) Function
(d) Data
Answer:
(d) Data

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 7.
Pascal and C are examples of
(a) Structural
(b) OOV
(c) Modular
(d) Linear
Answer:
(c) Modular

Question 8.
________ is defined as the template or blueprint representing a group objects that share common properties.
(a) Class
(b) Objects
(c) Program
(d) Algorithm
Answer:
(a) Class

Question 9.
______ represents data and its associated function together into a single unit.
(a) Variable
(b) Expressions
(c) Objects
(d) Constants
Answer:
(c) Objects

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 10.
_____ are the basic unit of OOP.
(a) Class
(b) Objects
(c) Program
(d) Algorithm
Answer:
(b) Objects

Question 11.
Python is an example for _________ programming.
(a) Functional
(b) Structural
(c) SAP
(d) OOP
Answer:
(d) OOP

Question 12.
Basically an object is created from a:
(a) class
(b) functions
(c) structures
(d) statements
Answer:
(a) class

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 13.
In ___________ the program can be decomposed into modules.
(a) sub-programs
(b) modularisation
(c) naturalization
(d) multi-way branching
Answer:
(b) modularisation

Question 14.
A program can be composed from existing and new modules in:
(a) software re-use
(b) existing modules
(c) new modules
(d) redundancy
Answer:
(a) software re-use

Question 15.
The mechanism by which the data and functions are bound together into a single unit is called:
(a) encapsulation
(b) inheritance
(c) polymorphism
(d) data hiding
Answer:
(a) encapsulation

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 16.
Encapsulation is also called as:
(a) data hiding
(b) object hiding
(c) object binding
(d) data binding
Answer:
(d) data binding

Question 17.
__________ shows only the essential features without revealing background details.
(a) Abstraction
(b) Polymorphism
(c) Inheritance
(d) Data binding
Answer:
(a) Abstraction

Question 18.
Attributes are called:
(a) data
(b) objects
(c) variables
(d) data members
Answer:
(d) data members

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 19.
The functions that operate on data are called:
(a) Procedures
(b) Objects
(c) Methods
(d) Structure
Answer:
(c) Methods

Question 20.
Methods are also called as:
(a) friend function
(b) method function
(c) member function
(d) inline function
Answer:
(c) member function

Question 21.
_________ is the technique of building new classes from an existing class.
(a) Polymorphism
(b) Inheritance
(c) Modularity
(d) Encapsulation
Answer:
(b) Inheritance

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 22.
__________ is the ability of a message or a function to be displayed in more than one form.
(a) Polymorphism
(b) Data hiding
(c) Methods
(d) Members
Answer:
(a) Polymorphism

Question 23.
_____ paradigm emphasizes on the data rather than the algorithm.
(a) OOP
(b) SAP
(c) Structural
(d) Functional
Answer:
(a) OOP

Question 24.
Match the following:

(i) Modul arization (a) Represents data and its associated function together
(ii) Class (b) Programs can be decomposed into modules
(iii) Objects (c) Blue print representing group of objects that share common properties
(iv) Paradigm  (d) Organizing principles of a program

(a) (i) – (d); (ii) – (a); (iii) – (c); (iv) – (b)
(b) (i) – (b); (ii) – (c); (iii) – (a); (iv) – (d)
(c) (i) – (b); (ii) – (c); (iii) – (d); (iv) – (a)
(d) (i) – (d); (ii) – (c); (iii) – (b); (iv) – (a)
Answer:
(b) (i) – (b); (ii) – (c); (iii) – (a); (iv) – (d)

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 25.
Match the following:

(i) Procedural programming  (a) data binding
(ii) Modular programming  (b) C++,JAVA, VB.Net
(iii) Object oriented programming  (c) Pascal and C
(iv) Encapsulation  (d) FORTRAN and COBOL

(a) (i) – (d); (ii) – (c); (iii) – (b); (iv) – (a);
(b) (i) – (a); (ii) – (b); (iii) – (c); (iv) – (d);
(c) (i) – (b); (ii) – (a); (iii) – (d); (iv) – (c);
(d) (i) – (c); (ii) – (d); (iii) – (b); (iv) – (a);
Answer:
(a) (i) – (d); (ii) – (c); (iii) – (b); (iv) – (a);

Question 26.
The term used to describe a programming approach based on classes and objects is:
(a) OOP
(b) POP
(c) ADT
(d) SOP
Answer:
(a) OOP

Question 27.
The paradigm which aims more at procedures:
(a) Object Oriented Programming
(b) Procedural programming
(c) Modular programming
(d) Structural programming
Answer:
(b) Procedural programming

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 28.
Which of the following is a user defined data type?
(a) class
(b) float
(c) int
(d) object
Answer:
(a) class

Question 29.
The identifiable entity with some characteristics and behaviour is:
(a) class
(b) object
(c) structure
(d) member
Answer:
(b) object

Question 30.
The mechanism by which the data and functions are bound together into a single unit is known as:
(a) Inheritance
(b) Encapsulation
(c) Polymorphism
(d) Abstraction
Answer:
(b) Encapsulation

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 31.
Encapsulation of the data from direct access by the program is called as:
(a) Data hiding
(b) Inheritance
(c) Polymorphism
(d) Abstraction
Answer:
(a) Data hiding

Question 32.
Which of the following concept encapsulate all the essential properties of the object that are to be created?
(a) Class
(b) Encapsulation
(c) Polymorphism
(d) Abstraction
Answer:
(a) Class

Question 33.
Which of the following is the most important advantage of inheritance?
(a) Data hiding
(b) Code reusability
(c) Code modification
(d) Accessibility
Answer:
(b) Code reusability

Samacheer Kalvi TN State Board 11th Computer Applications Important Questions Chapter 13 Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Techniques

Question 34.
“Write once and use it multiple time” can be achieved by:
(a) redundancy
(b) reusability
(c) modification
(d) composition
Answer:
(b) reusability

Question 35.
Which of the following supports the transitive nature of data?
(a) Inheritance
(b) Encapsulation
(c) Polymorphism
(d) Abstraction
Answer:
(a) Inheritance

TN Board 11th Computer Science Important Questions