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Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Pdf Term 3 Chapter 3 Rights and duties of children Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Solutions Term 3 Chapter 3 Rights and duties of children

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Rights and duties of children Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
This is against Indian law __________.
(a) Children studying in school.
(b) Children below 14 years working in industries.
(c) Children participating in school activities.
(d) Children getting nutritious food.
Answer:
(b) Children below 14 years working in industries.

Question 2.
Polio drops are given to ____________
(a) Men
(b) Women
(c) Children
(d) Senior citizens
Answer:
(c) Children

Question 3.
A set of rules of a country is known as the _____________ .
(a) Story book
(b) Rule book
(c) Constitution
(d) Textbook
Answer:
(c) Constitution

Question 4.
Which of the following is not a right of children?
(a) Getting driving license
(b) Getting education
(c) Getting adequate food
(d) Living in a healthy manner
Answer:
(a) Getting driving license

II. Write True or False :

Question 1.
The child has the basic right to get polio drops.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
There are same rights for all age groups of children.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
All children of age 6-14 years should be employed.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Hitting children is wrong.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Children should be aware of bad touch.
Answer:
True

II. Match the Following :

Question 1.

Answer:

IV. Answer the following questions :

Question:1.
What are the three parts on your body where no one should touch?
Answer:
Lips, chest and between my legs.

Question 2.
What are the different rights you have as a child?
Answer:
The four major child rights are:

1. Right to survival ‘
2. Right to development
3. Right to protection
4. Right to participation

Question 3.
Write short note on right to survival.
Answer:

• It is to ensure every child has access to minimum standards of food.
• This helps in healthy growth in all children.
• There are different rights for children below the age of 6’and between the age of 6-14 years.
• This is because both the age groups have different needs for their

Question 4.
Have you ever used your right to participate? Describe.
Answer:
Children have the right to participate in matters related to them. This includes asking questions, giving suggestions and making decisions in things that affect them.

Question 5.
Why are rights important?
Answer:
1. Human rights also guarantee people the means necessary to satisfy their basic needs such as food, housing and education, so they can take full advantage of all opporunities.

2. Finally, by guaranteeing life, liberty, equality and security. Human rights protects people against abuse by those who are more powerful.

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Rights and duties of children

Text Book Back Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
___________ is to ensure every child has access to minimum standards of food.
(a) Right to survival
(b) Right to development
(c) Right to protection
(d) Right to participation
Answer:
(a) Right to survival

Question 2.
There are many diseases that spread through ____________ .
(a) air
(b) Land
(c) Water
(d) None
Answer:
(c) Water

Question 3.
All children ___________ years have the right to go to school.
(a) Below 14
(b) After 14
(c) Below 16
(d) After 15
Answer:
(a) Below 14

Question 4.
Children have the ___________ in all circumstances.
(a) Right to participation
(b) Right to development
(c) Right to be protected
(d) Right to survival
Answer:
(c) Right to be protected

II. Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
__________ is the lengthiest constitution of the world.
Answer:
The Indian constitution

Question 2.
The __________ is responsible to providing free education to all.
Answer:
Government

Question 3.
___________ is illegal to force children below the age of 14 to work.
Answer:
Child labour

III. Write True or False :

Question 1.
Right to survival helps in healthy growth in all children.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Every child has the right to go to school and develop life skills.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Children have does not any rights.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Children have the right to be protected against danger.
Answer:
True

IV. Match the following :

Question 1.

Answer:

1. – e
2. – d
3. – a
4. – b
5. – c

V. Answer the following questions :

Question 1.
What do you mean by citizen?
Answer:

• Citizen is a person who is a member of a country.
• A citizen enjoys the rights given to him/her by the country.

Question 2.
Who sets rules for citizens?
Answer:
The constitution of India sets rules.

Question 3.
Does constitution make citizens responsible?
Answer:
Yes, it helps all people to be a responsible citizen of our country.

Question 4.
What else is a part of rights to survival?
Answer:
The WASH programme is also a part of rights to survival.

Question 5.
What do you mean by WASH?

Answer:

• WASH stands for Water, Sanitation and Hygiene.
• It means there should be access to clean water for drinking and other needs.
• There are many diseases that spread through water.
• To avoid these, having access to safe water is very important.

Question 6.
Write a short note on Right to Development.
Answer:
Every child has the right to go to school and develop life skills.

Question 7.
What do you mean by child labour?
Answer:
Children are involved in different works at different places. This is called Child Labour.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Pdf Term 3 Chapter 2 The story of madras presidency Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Solutions Term 3 Chapter 2 The story of madras presidency

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide The story of madras presidency Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
Madras Presidency was formed in _____________ .
(a) 1800
(b) 1801
(c) 1802
(d) 1803
Answer:
(b) 1801

Question 2.
Madras Presidency was officially renamed as Tamil Nadu in _____________.
(a) 1947
(b) 1953
(c) 1956
(d) 1969
Answer:
(d) 1969

Question 3.
Mamallapuram was created by the _____________ .
(a) Nayak dynasty
(b) Pallava dynasty
(c) Cholas
(d) British
Answer:
(b) Pallava dynasty

Question 4.
Which is called as the “Spa of the South India”?
(a) Bodinayakanur
(b) Hogenakkal
(c) Courtallam
(d) Gingee Fort
Answer:
(c) Courtallam

Question 5.
Manora is known for the eight storied miniature fortress built by ___________ .
(a) Rajah Serfoji
(b) Chinna Bommi Nayak
(c) Thimma Reddy Nayak
(d) Thirumalai Nayakkar
Answer:
(a) Rajah Serfoji

II. Write True or False :

Question 1.
The city of Madras was the capital of the Madras Presidency.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Uthiramerur an ancient Chola village, is located in Salem District
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Thirumalai Nayakkar Palace was built by Thirumalai Nayakkar.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Coimbatore is called as “The Manchester of South India”.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Gangaikonda Cholapuram temple is popularly known as Thanjai Periya Koil.
Answer:
False

III. Match the following :

Question 1.

Answer:

IV. Answer the following questions :

Question 1.
What is the significance of the Gingee Fort?
Answer:

• Gingee Fort also called as Senji Fort is one of the beautiful forts in Tamil Nadu.
• This fortress is built across three hillocks in Villupuram district.
• The British called this fort as “Troy of the East”.

Question 2.
What were the main features of the Thirumalai Nayakkar Palace?
Answer:

• Thirumalai Nayakkar Palace, built by Thirumalai Nayakkar, located in the district of Madurai.
• It is classic fusion of Dravidian and Islamic architecture.

Question 3.
Name some of the tourist places in Salem district.
Answer:

1. Mettur Dam
2. Yercaud
3. Kailasanathar Temple
4. Sankagiri Fort

Question 4.
Write a short note on Kallanai.
Answer:
Kallanai is an ancient dam built across the River Cauvery in South India. This dam was constructed in 2nd century AD(CE) by the Chola King Karikalan.

Question 5.
Write a short note on Rock fort.
Answer:

• Tiruchirappalli Rockfort is a temple built on an ancient rock.
• It is constructed on a rock that is 83 meters tall.
• There are two Hindu temples inside the fort.

Question 6.
Name some of the tourist places in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:

1.  Marina Beach
2.  Mahabalipuram
3.  Vellore fort
4.  Pulicat lake
5.  Hogenakkal waer falls
6.  Ooty, Kodikanal
7.  Yercarud
8.  Kolli Hills

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide The story of madras presidency Text Book Back Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
In 1862, the Madras Province was divided into _________ districts.
(a) 20
(b) 22
(c) 28
(d) 30
Answer:
(b) 22

Question 2.
Mamallapuram was created by the __________ Dynasty.
(a) Pallava
(b) Chera
(c) Chola
(d) Pandiya
Answer:
(a) Pallava

Question 3.
Vellore Fort is an ancient fort built in ____________.
(a) 1565
(b) 1566
(c) 1568
(d) 1569
Answer:
(b) 1566

Question 4.
Gingee Fort also called as _____________.
(a) Senji Fort
(b) Vellore Fort
(c) St.George Fort
(d) rock Fort
Answer:
(a) Senji Fort

Question 5.
Anaimalai wildlife sanctuary is located in the __________ district.
(a) Salem
(b) Coimbatore
(c) Erode
(d) Madurai
Answer:
(b) Coimbatore

Question 6.
Keeladi is located on the ___________ district.
(a) Madurai
(b) Salem
(c) Sivagangai
(d) Villupuram
Answer:
(c) Sivagangai

Question 7.
Courtallam is located on the __________ Ghats.
(a) Eastern
(b) Western
(c) Nothern
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) Western

II. Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
__________ was an important province of British India.
Answer:
Madras presidency

Question 2.
The last British Governor of Madras Presidnency was __________ .
Answer:
Archibald Edward Nye

3. Uthiramerur, an ancient Chola village, is located in __________ district.
Answer:
Kancheepuram

Question 4.
The temple inscriptions of ___________ are notable for their historical descriptions of rural self – governance.
Answer:
Uthiramerur

Question 5.
___________ is the biggest observatory in Asia.
Answer:
Vainu Bappu Observatory

Question 6.
__________ is the highest peak in the Nilgiris.
Answer:
Doddabetta

III. Write True or False :

Question 1.
The first British Governor of Madras presidency was Edward dive.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Mamallapuram has many rock sculptures and is declared by UNO.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Auroville is an experimental township in Villupuram district.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Mettur dam means an area surrounded by mountains.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
Thirumalai Nayakkar palace is classic fusion of Dravidian and Islamic architecture.
Answer:
True

Question 6.
Thoothukudi is called as the pearl city.
Answer:
True

IV. Match the Following :
Question 1.

Answer:

1. – e
2. – d
3. – a
4. – b
5. – c

V. Answer the following questions :

Question 1.
Write a short note on Madras Presidency.
Answer:

• Madras Presidency was formed in 1801.
• It was an important province of British India.
• It was also known as Madras Province and officially known as the Presidency of Fort St. George.
• It included areas of southern India, such as the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, parts of Odisha and the Union Territory of Lakshadweep.

Question 2.
Who was the first and last Governor of Madras presidency?
Answer:
The first British Governor of Madras Presidency was Edward Clive and the last Governor was Archibald Edward Nye.

Question 3.
Name the modern district of Madras.
Answer:
The modern districts of Chennai, Tiruvallur and Kancheepuram constituted the Madras district.

Question 4.
Write a short note on (i) Mamallapuram (ii) Uthiramerur.
Answer:

•  Mallapuram :
  Mamallapuram was created by the Pallava bynasty. It has many rock sculptures and is declared by UNESCO as a World Heritage site.
•  Uthiramerur :
  Uthiramerur, an ancient Chola village, is located in . Kancheepuram district. The temple inscriptions of Uthiramerur are
  notable for their historical descriptions of rural self-governance.

Question 5.
What do you mean by Salem?
Answer:
The name Salem is derived from the word “SAILAM”. It means an area surrounded by Mountains.

Question 6.
What are the features of Thanjavur district?
Answer:

• Thanjavur is popularly known as the Delta area and the “Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu”.
• Manora Fort is located in the district of Tanjore.
• It is known for the eight-storied miniature fortress built by Rajah Serfoji.

Question 7.
Name some waterfalls in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:

• Hogenakkal Waterfalls
• Mayil Ootru Waterfalls
• Suruli Falls
• Courtallam
• Ayyanar Falls

Question 8.
What are the Modern state of Andhra Pradesh?
Answer:
The districts of Chittoor, Nellore, Cuddapah, a part of Anantapur, Guntur, Kurnool, Kistna, Godivari East, Godivari West, and Vizagapatanam are included in modern state of Andhra Pradesh.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Pdf Term 3 Chapter 1 Tamils around the world Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Solutions Term 3 Chapter 1 Tamils around the world

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Tamils around the world Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
One of the official languages of Sri Lanka is _____________.
(a) Mandarin
(b) Hindi
(c) Tamil
(d) Sanskrit
Answer:
(c) Tamil

Question 2.
Modern Singapore was founded in ____________.
(a) 1819
(b) 1820
(c) 1947
(d) 1835
Answer:
(a) 1819

Question 3.
In ancient times, Kedah state in Malaysia connected with ____________ of Tamil Nadu by sea route.
(a) Visakhapatnam
(b) Nagapattinam
(c) Madurai
(d) Chennai
Answer:
Nagapattinam

Question 4.
Principal religion of Myanmar is ____________.
(a) Hinduism
(b) Jainism
(c) Buddhism
(d) Sikhism
Answer:
(c) Buddhism

Question 5.
In the year ____________ British captured Mauritius.
(a) 1810
(b) 1820
(c) 1910
(d) 1920
Answer:
(a) 1810

II. Match the Following :

Question 1.

Answer:

III. Write True or False :

Question 1.
Pallava and Cholas influenced Malaysia.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Fiji is a group of volcanic islands in the South Pacific.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
King Kyansittha is the son of King Anawrahta Minsaw.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
The Reunion island is a part of the French Overseas Department.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Tamils are living only in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
False

IV. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Describe the past relations between Tamil Nadu and Malaysia.
Answer:

• The relations between Tamil Nadu and Malaysia have existed for more than 2000 years.
• In ancient times, Tamils’ ships reached the modern Malaysian state of Kedah (Kadaaram in Tamil).
• Tamils influenced the cultural and political nature of Malaysia at the time of Pallava and Cholas.

Question 2.
Write a note on Reunion island.
Answer:

• Reunion is an island located in the Indian Ocean, near Mauritius.
• It is a part of the French Overseas Department.

Question 3.
Name the countries in which Tamil is one of the official languages.
Answer:
Tamil is an official language in three countries namely India, Sri Lanka and Singapore

Question 4.
What were the contributions of Tamils in constructing the country Mauritius?
Answer:

• Many Tamils were brought from, in and around Puducherry from 1731 AD(CE).
• Generally, slaves who lived here were mere labourers but, Tamils went there as skilled labourers and artisans.
• The Tamils helped the French make this island suitable to live and to construct many buildings.

Question 5.
(a) Which is one of the biggest Hindu festivals in Malaysia?
(b) Who is the father of nation in Myanmar?
Answer:
(a) One of the biggest Hindu festivals in Malaysia is Thaipusam.
(b) King Anawrahta Minsaw was the founder of the Empire.

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Tamils around the world Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
Ancient Tamil Nadu shared its boundary with the sea on ______ sides.
(a) Two
(b) Three
(c) Four
(d) Five
Answer:
(b) Three

Question 2.
______ is home to many Tamils.
(a) SriLanka
(b) Malaysia
(c) Singapore
(d) Myanmar
Answer:
(a) SriLanka

Question 3.
______ is a peninsula located in Southeast Asia.
(a) Singapore
(b) SriLanka
(c) Malaysia
(d) Mauritius
Answer:
(c) Malaysia

Question 4.
Mariamman temple was built in Singapore at ______.
(a) 1819
(b) 1828
(c) 1838
(d) 1848
Answer:
(b) 1828

Question 5.
______ is a group of volcanic islands.
(a) Fiji
(b) Myanmar
(c) Mauritius
(d) None
Answer:
(a) Fiji

Question 6.
temple is famous in Myanmar.
(a) Koneswaram
(b) Ananda
(c) Murugan
(d) Sivan
Answer:
(b) Ananda

II. Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
____________ naval expedition helped to expand our trade and cultural relations the East.
Answer:
Rajendra Chola’s

Question 2.
_____________ temple has thousand pillars.
Answer:
Koneswaram

Question 3.
Tamil influenced the cultural and political nature of Malaysia at the time of ____________ and ____________ .
Answer:
Pallava, Cholas

Question 4.
Tamil is one of the ____________ languages in Malaysia
Answer:
Educational

Question 5.
This book was a Fijian version of the ancient Tamil book ______________ .
Answer:
Thirukkural

Question 6.
In 1850, people from Tamil Nadu moved here and worked in the ____________ fields.
Answer:
Agricultural

Question 7.
In the early days, Tamils worked in ____________ and _____________ plantations.
Answer:
Tea, sugarcane

III. True or False :

Question 1.
Tamil is also an official language of Sri Lanka.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
The Lord Murugan statue is the first tallest Hindu deity statue in the world.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
King Anawrahta Minsaw was the founder of Myanmar Empire.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Reunion is an island located in the Arabian sea, near Mauritius.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
Tamils sailed to many nations as traders and warriors.
Answer:
True

IV. Match the following :
Question 1.

Answer:

1. – e
2. – d
3. – a
4. – b
5. – c

V.Answer in short :

Question 1.
Write a note on Sri Lanka.
Answer:

•  Sri Lanka is home to many Tamils.
• There are two groups of Tamils living there. The first group is of people living in Sri Lanka. These people are called Sri Lankan Tamils.
• The other is group of Tamils who moved from India to Sri Lanka. They are called Indian Tamils.

Question 2.
What are the features of koneswaram temple?

Answer:
Koneswaram temple has thousand pillars. It is considered one of the richest and most visited temples in Asia.

Question 3.
Write a short note on Batu caves.
Answer:

• Batu Caves is a limestone hill, which has a series of caves and cave temple located at Gombak district in Malaysia.
• The Lord Murugan statue at the foot of Batu Caves is the second tallest Hindu deity statue in the world.

Question 4.
Write the features of Mariamman temple.
Answer:

• In 1828, a Mariamman temple was built in Singapore.
• It was built in Dravidian style by the Tamils.
• This is gazetted as a National Monument of Singapore.

Question 5.
(a) Who is launched by Thirukurali?
(b) Which temple located in Fiji?
Answer:
(a) Thirukurali was launched by Ratu Joni.
(b) The Siva Subramaniya temple is a Hindu temple located in Nadi, Fiji.

Question 6.
What are the features of Ananda temple?
Answer:

• Ananda temple is famous in Myanmar.
• This temple’s tower is made in Dravidian style.
• The upper part of the tower being made in North Indian style of architecture.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Pdf Term 2 Chapter 3 Transport Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Solutions Term 2 Chapter 3 Transport

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Transport Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct Answer :

Question 1.
Which of the following is an example of land transport?
Answer:
(a) Car
(b) Ship
(c) Helicopter
(d) Aeroplane
Answer:
(a) Car

Question 2.
The first railway line was laid in ____________.
(a) 2019
(b) 1853
(c) 1947
(d) 1950
Answer:
(b) 1853

Question 3.
One of the major cities that connects Golden Quadrilateral highway is ______________.
(a) Chennai
(b) Kanniyakumari
(c) Madurai
(d) Trichy
Answer:
(a) Chennai

Question 4.
________________ is the oldest mode of transport.
(a) Boat
(b) Cycle
(c) Walking
(d) Bullock cart
Answer:
(d) Bullock cart

Question 5.
There are ______________ modes of transport.
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 6
Answer:
(b) 4

II. Match the following :

Question 1.

Answer:

III. True or False :

Question 1.
Transport is not needed for people.
Answer:
False

Question 2.
Ports remain main centers of trade.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Roadways do not connect different parts of our country.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
The Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus is the smallest bus terminus in Asia.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
Tamil Nadu has 5 major ports.
Answer:
False

IV. Answer in brief:

Question 1.
Define transport.
Answer:
Transport is the movement of people, animals and things from one place to another.

Question 2.
List the different modes of transport.
Answer:

Question 3.
Describe railways. Name any two major rail links from Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Railway is the most important form of transport system connecting various states.

1. Tamil Nadu Express → Chennai → New Delhi
2. Chennai Express → Chennai → Mumbai

Question 4.
What is air transport? What are used for air transport?
Answer:
Air transport is the fastest way to travel to different parts of the world. Helicopters and aeroplanes are used for air transport.

Question 5.
Write any three advantages of transportation.
Answer:

1.  Growth of agricultural and industrial production :
   Transport system plays a huge role in the growth of agricultural and industrial production by carrying raw materials to different parts of the country.
2.  Growth in foreign trade :
   It helps in promoting foreign trade in a country.
3.  Promotes tourism :
   It helps people from different countries visit other countries.

Intext Activity :

Try to answer

Question 1.
Which is the only state in India that has more than 2 ports.
Answer:
Tamil Nadu

Question 2.
Name the ports in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:

1.  Ennore,
2. Chennai,
3. Tuticorin

Question 3.
Name the government agency that handles marine transport related infrastructure in the country.
Answer:
Shipping Corporation of India

Question 4.
Which is used to travel short distance in airways?
Answer:
Helicopters

Question 5.
How many international airports are there in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
4 international airports are there in Tamil Nadu.

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide 3 Transport additional  Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
_________ are a popular and environment friendly way to travel in India.
(a) Car
(b) Bullock Cart
(c) Bicycles
(d) Train
Answer:
(c) Bicycle

Question 2.
__________ connect the nook and corners of our country.
(a) Roadways
(b) Railways
(c) Airways
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Roadways

Question 3.
_______ are the road connecting important cities within the state.
(a) National Highways
(b) State Highways
(c) District roads
(d) Village roads
Answer:
(b) State Highways

Question 4.
_____________ was made in Integral Coach Factory in Chennai.
(a) Roadways
(b) Railways
(c) Airways
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Railways

Question 5.
In Tamil Nadu there are ______________ international airports.
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
Answer:
(c) 4

Question 6.
Land transport is divided into roadways and ____________ .
(a) Railways
(b) Oceanways
(c) Airways
(d) Waterways
Answer:
(a) Railways

II. Match the following :

Question 1.

Answer:

1.  – e
2. – d
3. – a
4. – b
5. – c

III. True are False :

Question 1.
India has been building roads since old times.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
District roads connect villages or a group of villages.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Buses are managed by the respective state governments.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Indian railways is the 2^nd largest network in the world.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Helicopters are used for short distance.
Answer:
True

Question 6.
India’s road network is the second longest in the world..
Answer:
True

IV. Answer in brief :

Question 1.
What is land transports?
Answer:
Land transport is defined as the form of transport that happens on land.

Question 2.
Describe the Roadways and explain in types.
Answer:
India has been building roads since old times. Roadways connect the nook and corners of our country.

• National Highways (NH)
• State Highways (SH)
• District Road
• Village Roads

Question 3.
What is water transport?
Answer:
India has a very long coastline and hence ports remain main centers for trade.

Question 4.
What are used for water transport?
Answer:
Water transport happens through,

1.  Boat
2.  Speed Boat
3.  Ship

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th Science Guide Pdf Term 1 Chapter 4 Science In Everyday Life Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 4 Science In Everyday Life

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Science Guide Science in Everyday Life Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Evaluation

I. Choose the correct Answer:

Question 1.
Blue appearance of the sky is due to ________ of light.
a) reflection
b) refraction
c) interference
d)scattering
Answer:
d) scattering

Question 2.
Who is known as Missile Man of India?
a) Sir CM. Raman
b) Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
c) Dr. M.S. Swaminathan
d)Ramanujan
Answer:
b) Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

Question 3.
An example for reversible change is ________.
a) melting of ice
b) burst of balloon
c) burning paper
d) change of milk into curd
Answer:
a) Melting of ice

Question 4.
Chemical reactions are example for ________ .
a) reversible change
b) irreversible change
c) both of them
d) none of them
Answer:
b) Irreversible change

Question 5.
Which of the following is not an organic waste?
a) Flowers
b) Vegetables
c) Fruits
d) Battery
Answer:
d) Battery

II. Fill in the blanks:
Question 1.
The book Wings of fire was written by _______.
Answer:
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

Question 2.
A stretched rubber band comes back to normal shape. It is an example for _______.
Answer:
Reversible changes

Question 3.
Most of the physical changes are _______ changes.
Answer:
Reversible changes

Question 4.
Newspaper is a _______ waste.
Answer:
Recyclable waste

Question 5.
Wastes from house and apartments are called _______ waste.
Answer:
Household

III. Match the following:

Answer:

1. e
2. d
3. a
4. b
5. c

IV.Circle the odd one:

Question 1.
a) Melting
b) Freezing
c) Boiling
d) Cooking
Answer:
d) Cooking

Question 2.
a) Boiling
b) Burning
c) Cooking
d) Rusting of Iron
Answer:
a) Boiling

Question 3.
a) Vegetables
b) Flowers
c) Fruits
d) Chemicals
Answer:
d) Chemicals

Question 4.
a) Paper
b) Glass
c) Metals
d) Paints
Answer:
a) Paper

V. Answer in brief:

Question 1.
Sky appears blue in colour. Why?
Answer:
The sunlight is scattered by the gases and particles present in the air. The white light we see is composed of different colours such as violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red (VIBGYOR). Among. these colours, blue is scattered more. Because of this reason, sky appears blue most of the time.

Question 2.
What is reversible change?
Answer:
Changes which can be reversed are called reversible change.
Eg: melting of ice.

Question 3.
Differentiate reversible and irreversible changes.
Answer:

Question 4.
What are the different types of waste?
Answer:
Wastes are of two types, they are;

• Household wastes.
• Wastes from school.

Question 5.
Write a note on e-waste.
Answer:
e – wastes are electronic waste of computer parts, electronic materials, cell phone parts, CFL bulb. Every year 40 million tons of electronic waste is generated world wide, e-waste comprises 70% of our overall toxic waste. e-waste contains hundreds of substances, of which many are toxic.

Question 6.
Name the scientists from Tamil Nadu.
Answer:

• Dr M.S. Swaminathan.
• Venkataraman Radhakrishnan.
• Sir. C.V. Raman.
• Srinivasa Ramanujan.
• Dr. A.P.J. Adbul Kalam.

VI. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
Write about different household wastes.
Answer:
Different types of household wastes are :
a) Organic waste: Kitchen wastes, vegetables, flowers, leaves, fruits.
b) Toxic wastes: Old medicines, paints, chemicals, bulbs, spray cans, fertilizers, pesticides, containers, batteries, shoe polish.
c) Recyclable wastes: Paper, glass, metals, plastics.
d) Solid wastes: Cloths soiled with blood and other body fluids.
e) e-wastes: Computer parts, electronic materials, cell phone parts, CFL bulbs.

Question 2.
Explain the need for waste disposal.
Answer:
Waste management is needed for the following reasons.

a) To control pollution: Various pollution like water pollution, air pollution and soil pollution can be avoided.

b) To conserve natural resources: Waste disposal is important for the conservation of our environmental resources like forest, minerals and water.

c) To control spread of diseases: Spread of infectious diseases can be controlled.

d) Recycle for further use: Wastes can be recycled to get products for further use.

Question 3.
How can you reduce waste in your school environment?
Answer:
The following practices will helpful to reduce wastes in school environment.

• Use reusable and recyclable bags and containers.
• Avoid one-time use items and use items which can be used permanently.
• Segregate wastes into bio-degradable and non-biodegradable items and hand over them to the municipal and corporation people who collect them.
• Do not throw away your wastes everywhere, put them in dustbins and dispose of them properly.
• Don’t waste food. Waste food in schools can be collected and used to feed cattle.
• Organic wastes can be converted into manures.

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Science Guide Science In Everyday Life Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question 1.
Which among the following is the toxic waste?
a) Vegetable waste
b) Old medicines
c) Kitchen waste
d) Leaves waste
Answer:
b) Old medicines

Question 2.
Which is reversible change?
a) Raw egg to boiled egg
b) Ice cube to water
c) Burning paper
d) All the above
Answer:
b) Ice cube to water

Question 3.
Who is referred as the people’s president?
a) Sir C.V.Raman
b) Ram Nath Kovoind
c) A.P.J.Abdul Kalam
d) None of the above
Answer:
c) A.P.J.Abdul Kalam

Question 4.
Sir C.V.Raman won the Nobel prize for his work in _______.
a) Green revolution
b) Composite numbers
c) Structure of ribosome
d) Scattering of light
Answer:
d) Scattering of light

Question 5.
National Science Day is celebrated on _______.
a) 27th February
b) 28th February
c) 28th March
d) 27th March
Answer:
b) 28th February

II. Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
Water changes into ice on cooling is an example of ________.
Answer:
Reversible change

Question 2.
change is the _______ of a substance from one form to another.
Answer:
Transition

Question 3.
A.P.J Abdul Kalam was an _______.
Answer:
Aeronautical Scientist.

Question 4.
Changes which cannot be reversed are called _______.
Answer:
Irreversible changes

Question 5.
Most of the physical changes are _______ change.
Answer:
Reversible

Question 6.
Dissolving sugar in water is a _______ change.
Answer:
Reversible

Question 7.
Paper, LPG, CNG petrol etc, are _____ substances.
Answer:
Inflammable

Question 8.
Water on _______ changes to ice and on _______ comes back to water.
Answer:
cooling, heating

III. Pick out the odd one out:

Question 1.
a) Kitchen waste
b) Vegetables
c)Flowers
d)Fertilizers
Answer:
d) Fertilizers

Question 2.
a)Piece of bread
b)Polythene bag
c) Broken glass
d) Blades.
Answer:
a) Piece of bread

Question 3.
a) Reduce
b) Reuse
c) Recycle
d) Disposal
Answer:
d) Disposal

Question 4.
a) Milk to curd
b) Raw egg to boiled egg
c) Ice cube to water
d) Grain to flour.
Answer:
c) Ice cube to water

IV. Match the following:

Answer:

1. b
2. a
3. d
4. c

V. Say True or False:

Question 1.
Evaporation of water is a reversible change.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Burning of the paper is an irreversible change.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Rusting of iron is a reversible change.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Sky appears blue at sunrise.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
Sunlight is scattered by the gases.
Answer:
True

Question 6.
Blue has more scattered capacity.
Answer:
True

VI. Answer in brief:

Question 1.
Why does the sky appear blue?
Answer:
Sunlight is scattered by the gases and particles present in the air. The white light we see is composed of different colours such as violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red (VIBGYOR). Among these colours, blue is scattered more. Because of this reason, sky appears blue most of the time.

Question 2.
Name the two types of changes.
Answer:
Changes can be classified as

1. Reversible
2. Irreversible changes.

Question 3.
What are reversible changes?
Answer:
Changes which can be reversed are called reversible changes.

Question 4.
What are irreversible changes?
Answer:
Irreversible changes are also known as permanent changes. Processes like heating, burning, mixing and powdering cause permanent changes.

Question 5.
What is meant by waste?
Answer:
Waste is any substance which is discarded after primary use. It is worthless, defective and of no use. They are unwanted and undesirable materials.

Question 6.
What are the 3R’s used to save the environment?
Answer:
The 3R’s are used to save the environment are Reduce, Recycle, and Reuse.

VII. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
Write the differences between reversible and irreversible changes.
Answer:
Differences between reversible and irreversible changes are:

Question 2.
What is household waste and write its classification?
Answer:
Wastes from home are known as household waste. Solid wastes disposed of home and apartments comprise of garbage and rubbish (bottles, cans, clothing, composts, disposable items, food packings, newspapers, magazines, and trimmings). We can classify the household wastes as below.

Organic wastes: Kitchen wastes, Vegetables, Flowers, Leaves, Fruits.

Toxic wastes: Old medicines, Paints, Chemicals, Bulbs, Spray cans, Fertilizers, Pesticide containers, Batteries, Shoe polish.

Recyclable wastes: Paper, &lass, Metals, Plastics.

Solid wastes: Cloths soiled with blood and other body fluids.

e-wastes: Computer parts, Electronic materials, Cell phone parts, CFL bulbs.

Question 3.
How can we protect our environment?
Answer:

• Use reusable and recyclable bags and containers.

• Avoid one-time use items and use items which can be used permanently.
• Segregate wastes into bio-degradable and non-biodegradable items and hand over them to the municipal and corporation people who collect them.
• Do not throw away your wastes everywhere. Put them in dustbins and dispose of them properly.
• Don’t waste food. Waste food in schools can be collected and used to feed cattle.
• Organic wastes can be converted into manures.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Pdf Term 2 Chapter 2 Physical Features of Tamil Nadu Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Solutions Term 2 Chapter 2 Physical Features of Tamil Nadu

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Physical Features of Tamil Nadu Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
Which wildlife sanctuary is located in Tamil Nadu?
(a) Mudumalai wildlife sanctuary
(b) Corbett national park
(c) Sunderbans national park
(d) Ranthambore national park
Answer:
(a) Mudhumalai wildlife sanctuary

Question 2.
Western ghats and Eastern ghats meet at ____________ .
(a) Aravalli range
(b) Nilgiri hills
(c) Himalayan range
(d) Vidhyas range
Answer:
(b) Nilgiri hills

Question 3.
The topmost branches of trees form a chain called ____________ .
(a) sunlight
(b) canopy
(c) forest
(d) mangrove
Answer:
(b) canopy

Question 4.
Tamil Nadu experiences _____________ .
(a) extreme winters
(b) highest rainfall
(c) tropical climate
(d) snow fall
Answer:
(c) tropical climate

Question 5.
_________ are found in the places where, there is heavy rainfall.
(a) Deciduous forests
(b) Swamp forests
(c) Evergreen forests
(d) None of them
Answer:
(d) None of them

II. Match the following :

Question 1.

Answer:

III. True or False :

Question 1.
Tamil Nadu is the eleventh largest state in india.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Tamil Nadu is located in the west of India.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Kurunji flowers blossom once in 2 years.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Tamil Nadu experiences hot and humid weather throughout the year.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Deciduous forests do not shed leaves.
Answer:
False

IV. Answer in brief :

Question 1.
Name the states that Tamil Nadu shares boundary with.
Answer:

1.  Andhra Pradesh
2.  Karnataka
3.  Indian Ocean, Kerala
4.  Bay of Bengal

Question 2.
What are the different landscapes of Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
The landscape of Tamil Nadu can be divided into four categories namely:

1.  Mountains
2.  Plateaus
3.  Plains
4.  Coast

Question 3.
What are the different plains in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
Plains in Tamil Nadu can be divided into river plains and coastal plains.

Question 4.
Name the waterfalls in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:

1.  Hogenakkal falls
2.  Courtallam falls
3.  Suruli waterfalls
4.  Vattaparai falls

Question 5.
Describe the climate of Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Tamil Nadu experiences tropical climate and there is very little difference between summer and winter. The temperature during summer can rise up to A0°C (40 degree Celsius). Due to its location, Tamil Nadu experiences hot and humid weather almost throughout the year with mild winter. Tamil Nadu is dependent on monsoon rains and often faces droughts if monsoon fails.

Question 6.
Differentiate evergreen forests and deciduous forests.
Answer:

Intext activity

Activity 1.

Question 1.
On the political map of India shade any two neighbouring states of Tamil Nadu.

Question 2.
Mark the Indian ocean, the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal on the map.
Answer:

Activity 2.

Question 1.
On the district map of Tamil Nadu any three coastal districts of Tamil Nadu.

Try to answer

Question 1.
Where do the Western ghats and Eastern ghats meet?
Answer:
Nilgiris hills

Question 2.
Name any two wildlife sanctuaries in the Western ghats of Tamil Nadu.
Answer:

1. Mudumalai wildlife sanctuary
2. Indira Sandhi wildlife sanctuary

Question 3.
Name some important rivers in Tamil Nadu
Answer:

• Palar
• Cheyyar
• Pennar
• Kaveri
• Vaigai
• Thamirabarani

Question 4.
Where is Courtallam waterfalls located?
Answer:
Courtallam waterfalls is located in Tenkasi.

Question 5.
During which months does the State receive rainfall from South West monsoon?
Answer:
June to September

Question 6.
Describe the weather of Tamil Nadu in a sentence.
Answer:
Tamil Nadu experiences hot and humid weather almost throughout the year with mild winter.

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Physical Features of Tamil Nadu Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
______ is situated at the Northern end of Tamil Nadu.
(a) Pulicat lake
(b) Aravalli range
(c) Suruli waterfalls
(d) Pamban bridge
Answer:
(a) Pulicat lake

Question 2.
The landscape of Tamil Nadu can be divided into ____________ categories.

(a) two
(b) three
(c) four
(d) five
Answer:
(c) four

Question 3.
Courtallam falls is located in _____________ .
(a) Tenkasi
(b) Theni
(c) Kanniyakumari
(d) Dharmapuri
Answer:
(a) Tenkasi

Question 4.
____________ is also called the Megamalai falls.
(a) Hogenakkal falls
(b) Courtallam falls
(c) Suruli waterfalls
(d)Vattaparai falls
Answer:
(c) Suruli waterfalls

Question 5.
The Pichavaram mangrove forest is located near ____________ in Tamil Nadu.
(a) Chidambaram
(b) Ramanathapuram
(c) Dharmapuri
(d) Theni
Answer:
(a) Chidambaram

II. Match the following :

Question 1.

Answer:

1. – e
2. – d
3. – a
4. – b
5. – c

III. True or False :

Question 1.
Tamil Nadu is located in the South of India.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Dottabetta is the smallest peak.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Kurunji flowers blossom only once in 10 years.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
The coastal region extends from Chennai to Kanniyakumari
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Marina Beach, the second largest urban beach in the world.
Answer:
True

Question 6.
Hogenakkal falls is called Niagara of India.
Answer:
True

IV. Answer in brief :

Question 1.
Describe the mountains of Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Tamil Nadu is the only state in India which has both the Western ghats and Eastern ghats. They meet at the Nilgiri hills, form a part of the Western ghats of Tamil Nadu. Doddabetta is the highest peak.

Question 2.
Name the hill stations in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Tamil Nadu has various hill stations like Ooty, Kodaikanal, Kolli hills,Kothagiri and Yercaud.

Question 3.
Describe the plateaus.
Answer:
There are three plateaus in Tamil Nadu namely Bharamahal plateau, Coimbatore plateau and Madurai plateau. There are many small hills between these plateaus. Chennimalai is one among these hills in Erode.

Question 4.
What is river plains?
Answer:
Rivers Palar, Cheyyar, Pennar and Vellar form the Northern plains. The middle river plain is formed by Kaveri and its tributaries River Vaigai and Thamirabarani form the Southern plains.

Question 5.
Name the beaches in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
(a) Marina Beach, the second longest urban beach in the world.
(b) Rameswaram beach is famous for its beautiful view.
(c) Kanniyakumari beach is famous for its beautiful views of sunrise and sunset over the water.

Question 6.
What are the types of forests?
Answer:
The forests can be divided into three types. They are
(a) Evergreen forests
(b) Deciduous forests
(c) Swamp forests

Question 7.
What is Mangrove forests?
Answer:
The word swamp means areas that are low where water gets collected easily. These forests are usually found near the beaches and river beds. The Pichavaram mangrove forest is located near Chidambaram in Tamil Nadu.

Question 8.
What is the other name for Suruli waterfalls?
Answer:
Megamalai falls

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th Science Guide Pdf Term 1 Chapter 3 Energy Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 3 Energy

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Science Guide Energy Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Evaluation
I. Choose the correct Answer:

Question 1.
When diesel is burnt chemical energy is converted into _______.
a) wind energy
b) heat energy
c) solar energy
d) sound energy
Answer:
b) heat energy

Question 2.
Running water possesses _______.
a) potential energy
b) chemical energy
c) kinetic energy
d) sound energy
Answer:
c) kinetic energy

Question 3.
Unit of energy is _______.
a) Kilogram
b) Newton
c) Kelvin
d) Joule
Answer:
d) Joule

Question 4.
Which one of the following requires wind energy?
a) Bicycle
b) Photosynthesis
c) Parachute
d) Automobiles
Answer:
c) Parachute

Question 5.
Cow dung possesses _______ .
a) kinetic energy
b) chemical energy
c) solar energy
d) heat energy
Answer:
b) chemical energy

II. Find out the energy conversion that takes place in the following:

Question 1.
Iron box: _______.
Answer:
Chemical energy to Heat energy

Question 2.
Electric Iron box: _______.
Answer:
Electric energy to Heat energy

Question 3.
Electric fan:
Answer:
Electric energy to Mechanical energy

Question 4.
Speaker:
Answer:
Electric energy to Sound energy

Question 5.
Generator: _______.
Answer:
Mechanical energy to Electrical energy

III. Find out form of energy possessed by the following things:

Question 1.
A rock on the top of a hill.
Answer:
Pontential Energy

Question 2.
A rolling ball.
Answer:
Kinetic Energy

Question 3.
Charcoal.
Answer:
Heat Energy

Question 4.
Water falls.
Answer:
Kinetic Energy

Question 5.
Battery.
Answer:
Chemical Energy

IV. Match the following:

Answer:

1. e
2. d
3. a
4. c
5. b

V. Say True or False:

Question 1.
An apple falling from a tree is an example for kinetic energy.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Electrical energy is used to run electric trains.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Heat energy cannot be produced by friction.
Answer:
False

Question 4.
Potential energy and heat energy are the two forms of mechanical energy.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
The unit of energy is joule.
Answer:
True

VI. Answer in brief:

Question 1.
What is energy?
Answer:
Energy is defined as capacity to do work. S.I unit of work is Joule.

Question 2.
What are the different forms of energy?
Answer:
There are different forms of energy like mechanical energy, heat energy, light energy, wind energy, solar energy, electrical energy, and chemical energy.

Question 3.
What are the uses of mechanical energy?
Answer:

• In hydroelectric plants, kinetic energy of water is converted into electrical energy.
• Windmills convert kinetic energy of winds into electrical energy.
• Mechanical energy of the hammer is used to apply a force on a nail.
• Mechanical energy can bring a moving body to rest and make a body at rest to move.

Question 4.
State the Law of conservation of energy.
Answer:
Law of conservation of energy states that energy Can neither be created nor be destroyed. One form of energy is converted into another form of energy.

Question 5.
Give the uses of Light energy.
Answer:

• We are able to see objects with the help of light energy.
• Plants use light energy to synthesis their food.
• With the help of light energy, our skin is able to synthesis Vitamin D.
• Electricity can be produced with the help of light energy.

VII. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
Explain the types of Mechanical energy.
Answer:
Energy possessed by an object due its position is called mechanical energy.
Mechanical energy can be classified into two;

• Kinetic energy
• Potential energy

a) Kinetic energy: Energy possessed by a moving objectis known as kinetic energy. It is also known as energy of motion.
Eg: Moving car, cricket ball bowled by a player, bullet coming out of a gun.

b) Potential energy: Energy possessed by an object which is at rest is known as potential energy. It is also known as stores energy of position.
Eg: Object lifted above, stone in the stretched rubber, water in the dam.

Question 2.
Explain Conservation of energy.
Answer:
Energy cannot be created cannot be destroyed also. It is changed from one form to another form or transferred from one object to another object. Examples for conservation of energy in our daily life are :

1. Water dam :

• Water stored in water dams posseses potential energy.
• When water falls down, potential energy of water is converted, into kinetic energy.
• Kinetic energy of water rotates the turbines and electric energy is generated.

2. Electrical appliances:

• Electrical energy is used in many domestic appliances such as electric stove, iron box and fan.
• Electric energy flows into the coil in the devices.
• As current flows, it heats up the coil.
• With the help of this heat energy, we do many useful works.
• Thus, electrical energy is converted into heat energy.
• Electical energy is converted to mechanical energy in fan, light enrgy in bulb and sound energy in computer.

3. Driving a car:

• We use fuel in the form of petrol or diesel or gas to run vehicles.
• When this fuel burns in the engine, chemical energy is converted into heat energy.
• Burning fuel produces hot gases which pushes the piston in the engine to move the vehicle.
• Thus heat energy is converted into mechanical energy.

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Science Guide Energy Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct Answer:

Question 1.
___________ is the only form of energy visible to human eye.
a) Heat energy
b) Light energy
c) Electrical energy
d) Chemical energy
Answer:
b) Light energy

Question 2.
Light travels at a speed of _________.
a) 3,00,000 km/s
b) 4,00,000 km/s
c) 5,00,000 km/s
d) 6,00,000 km/s
Answer:
a) 3,00,000 km/s

Question 3.
Sunlight takes _________ to reach earth.
a) 5 minutes
b) 6 minutes
c) 7 minutes
d) 8 minutes
Answer:
a) 5 minutes

Question 4.
Which of the following device converts chemical energy into electrical energy?
a) Battery
b) Loud speaker
c) Solar cell
d) Electrical motor
Answer:
a) Battery

Question 5.
___________ stands first in generating electricity from wind mill.
a) Kerala
b) Tamil Nadu
c) Karnataka
d) Andhra pradesh
Answer:
b) Tamil Nadu

Question 6.
The energy, possessed by a object due to its position is called _______.
a) Kinetic energy
b) Potential energy
c) Mechanical energy
d) Electrical energy
Answer:
b) Potential energy

Question 7.
The energy possessed by a cricket ball bowled by a player is _______.
a) Potential energy
b) Kinetic energy
c) Mechanical energy
d) Electrical energy.
Answer:
b) Mechanical energy

Question 8.
Electric eel is a _______.
a) fish
b) snake
c) frog
d) none of the above
Answer:
a) fish

Question 9.
Which of the following is the example potential energy?
a) Object lifted above
b) Bullet coming out of a sun
c) Moving car
d) Cricket ball bowled by a player
Answer:
c) Moving car

Question 10.
What energy is possessed by stretched rubber.
a) Nuclear
b) Potential
c) Kinetic
d) Thermal
Answer:
b) Potential

II. Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
_______ is a measure of heat in a body.
Answer:
Temperature

Question 2.
________ use wind energy to generate electricity.
Answer:
Windmills

Question 3.
The form of energy that produces feeling of hotness is called as _______.
Answer:
heat

Question 4.
Light energy helps our skin to synthesis _________.
Answer:
vitamin – b

Question 5.
When stored water falls down, potential energy of water is converted into _______.
Answer:
Kinetic energy

Question 6.
Electric eel can generate _______.
Answer:
electricity

Question 7.
Law of conversation of energy given by _________.
Answer:
Julius Robert Mayar

III. Say True or False:

Question 1.
Light does not require any medium to travel.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Mechanical energy can be used for pumping water.
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Heat energy is used to run vehicles.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Heat is measured in Joule.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Water stored in water dams possesses kinetic energy.
Answer:
False

Question 6.
Photosynthesis changes solar energy into chemical energy.
Answer:
True

Question 7.
Wind mills convert kinetic energy of winds into electrical energy.
Answer:
True

IV. Circle the odd one:

Question 1.
a) Proton
b) Dentron
c) Electron
d) Neutron
Answer:
b) Dentron

Question 2.
a) Nuclear power plants
b) Hydroelectric plants
c) Water heaters
d) Windmills
Answer:
c) Water heaters

V. Match the following:

Question 1:

Answer:

1. d
2. a
3. b
4. c

Question 2.

Answer:

1. d
2. c
3. b
4. a

VI. Answer briefly:

Question 1.
What is mechanical energy?
Answer:

• Energy possessed by an object due to its position is called mechanical energy.
• Mechanical energy can be classified into two.
  • • Kinetic energy
    • Potential energy

Question 2.
What is energy of motion? Give examples.
Answer:
Energy possessed by a moving object is known as kinetic energy. It is also known as energy of motion.
Examples: Moving car, Cricket ball bowled by a player, Bullet coming out of a gun.

Question 3.
Write any two uses to mechanical energy.
Answer:

• Windmills convert kinetic energy of winds into electrical energy.
• Mechanical energy of the hammer is used to apply a force on a Class nail.

Question 4.
What is wind energy and write its uses?
Answer:
Energy possessed by the wind is known as wind energy.
Uses of wind energy

• Wind mills use wind energy to generate electricity.
• Ships sail by the power of wind.
• Sports like wind surfing, sailing, kite surfing use wind energy.
• Wind energy can be used for pumping water.

Question 5.
Name the particles of atom?
Answer:
Atoms possess particles like protons, electrons, and neutrons.

Question 6.
What is electric energy?
Answer:
Movement of electron in the objects causes energy. This energy is called electric energy.

Question 7.
What are the different ways electricity can be generated?
Answer:
Electric energy is also generated from nuclear power plants, hydroelectric plants, and windmills. It is also generated from solar energy.

Question 8.
Write the uses of Electric energy.
Answer:

• Electric energy is needed for the working of fan, light, television, washing machine, refrigerator, etc.
• Electric iron box, electric stove, and electric water heater work by electrical energy.
• It is used to run cars and trains.
• It is used in factories to produce materials.

Question 9.
What is law of conservation of energy?
Answer:
Law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed. One form of energy is converted into another form of energy. This law was given by Julius Robert Mayor.

Question 10.
What energy transfer happen in a car engine?
Answer:
When Petrol or diesel or gas burns in the engine, chemical energy is converted into heat energy. Burning fuel produces hot gases which pushes the piston in the engine to move the vehicle. Thus heat energy is converted into mechanical energy.

VII. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
Write the uses of heat energy and light energy.
Answer:
Uses of heat energy:

• Heat energy obtained from power stations is used to generate electricity.
• Heat energy obtained from petrol and diesel is used to run vehicles.
• We cook food with the help of heat. Heat energy renders the food material soft and easy to digest.
• Hard substances like iron are heated to mold them into different shapes.
• Heat is used to dry clothes and other wet substances.

Uses of light energy:

• We are able to see objects with the help of light energy.
• Plants use light energy to synthesis their food.
• With the help of light energy, our skin is able to synthesis Vitamin-D.
• Electricity can be produced with the help of light energy.

Question 2.
Explain about chemical energy and its uses.
Answer:
Chemical energy:
Chemical energy is stored in substances when atoms join together to form chemical compounds. When two or more chemical substances react with each other, this energy is released.

Uses of chemical energy:

• The food we eat contains chemical energy.
• Chemical energy in wood provides heat energy which helps us to cook food.
• Chemical energy in coal is used to generate electricity.
• Batteries we use in our daily life contain chemical energy.
• Fuels like petrol and diesel possess chemical energy which is used to run vehicles.

Question 3.
Draw the diagram to show how the electric energy generated from water.
Answer:

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Pdf Term 2 Chapter 1 Philanthropists of Sangam Age Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Solutions Term 2 Chapter 1 Philanthropists of Sangam Age

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Philanthropists of Sangam Age Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
_______ is one among the Moovendhars.
(a) Aay
(b) Pari
(c) Cheran
(d) Nalli
Answer:
(c) Cheran

Question 2.
The seven philanthropists ruled in the _______ .
(a) plains
(b) deserts
(c) rivers
(d) hilly regions
Answer:
(d) hilly regions

Question 3.
Parambu Nadu was located in _______ district.
(a) Dharmapuri
(b) Dindigul
(c) Sivaganga
(d) Namakkal
Answer:
(c) Sivaganga

Question 4.
Pegan ruled a hilly region in the _______ hills.
(a) Palani
(b) Kodaikanal
(c) Pothigai
(d) Kolli
Answer:
(a) Palani

Question 5.
Adhiyaman gave a _______ to Awaiyar.
(a) shawl
(b) gooseberry
(c) gift
(d) chariot
Answer:
(b) gooseberry

II. Match the following :

Question 1.

Answer:

III. True or False :

Question 1.
Pari did not care for nature at all.
Answer:
False

Question 2.
Sangam Age had seven famous philanthropists.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
We should value the people and animals.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Nedumudi Kari ruled the region of Thottimalai.
Answer:
False

IV. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences :

Question 1.
Write about Sangam literature.
Answer:
Sangam literature, consisting of several classical poetry is the main sources of the Sangam Age.

Question 2.
What did the Moovendhars do when they couldn’t win battles against Pari?
Answer:
Moovendhars were not able to win the battles against Pari and his army individually. In the thick forests inside the hills, they were not able to defeat Pari’s army. Instead, they made sure that Parambu Nadu could not get water or food from below the hill. They thought that Pari would surrender,after he ran out of food and water.

Question 3.
Why did Adhiyaman give the gooseberry to Avvaiyar?
Answer:
Adhiyaman gave the gooseberry to Avvaiyar because there would not be many poets to teach people how to live life better like her.

Question 4.
What was Valvil Ori famous for?
Answer:
Valvil Ori made sure that the unfair practice was not encouraged in their region. He treated all his people equally.

Intext Activity

Activity 1.

List the things given by these philanthropists.

Question 1.
Pari
Answer:
Golden chariot

Question 2.
Pegan
Answer:
Shawl

Question 3.
Adhiyaman
Answer:
Gooseberry

Activity 2.

Match the following :

Question 1.

Answer:

Activity 3.

Question 1.
List the name of the seven Philanthropists and their regions.
Answer:

Try to answer

Question 1.
Name any three philanthropists.
Answer:

1. Peg an
2. Pari
3. Adhiyaman

Question 2.
During which age did the seven famous philanthropists rule the hilly regions?
Answer:
Sangam Age

Question 3.
Which hilly region did Pegan rule?
Answer:
Palani hills

Question 4.
What did Pegan see when he was taking a walk?
Answer:
The peacock Shivering

Question 5.
What did Pegan use to cover the shivering peacock?
Answer:
Peg an covered the peacock with shawl

Question 6.
Which was the region ruled by Pari?
Answer:
Pari ruled parambu nadu

Question 7.
What were stopped from the lower regions to parambu nadu ?
Answer:
In the thick forests inside the hills, they were not able to defeat pari’s army.

Question 8.
What did Pari give to support jasmine climber?
Answer:
Pari gave up his golden chariot to give support for the jasmine climber.

Question 9.
What did Adhiyaman receive as a present?
Answer:
Gooseberry

Question 10.
Who was Avvaiyar?
Answer:
Avvaiyar was an old Tamil Poetess.

Question 11.
Why did Adhiyaman give the gooseberry to Avvaiyar?
Answer:
Adhiyaman gave the gooseberry to Avvaiyar because there would not be many poets, to teach people how to live life better like her.

Question 12.
Which hilly region did Valvil Ori rule?
Answer:
Kolli hills

Question 13.
What is the the meaning of Val and Vil?
Answer:
‘Val’ means powerful and ‘ViP means bow.

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Social Science Guide Philanthropists of Sangam Age Additional Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer :

Question 1.
_______ gave up his golden chariot to give support for climber.
(a) Pegan
(b) Pari
(c) Adhiyaman
(d) Aay
Answer:
(b) Pari

Question 2.
Adhiyaman also ruled a hilly region in _______ district.
(a) Dindigul
(b) Sivaganga
(c) Namakkal
(d) Dharmapuri
Answer:
(d) Dharmapuri

Question 3.
Valvil ori, who ruled a hilly region in _______ .
(a) Palani hills
(b) Kodaikanal hills
(c) Kolli hills
(d) Pothigai hills
Answer:
(c) Kolli hills

Question 4.
Aay also ruled a hilly region in the _______ hills.
(a)Pothigai
(b)Palani
(c)Kolli
(d)kodaikanal
Answer:
(a) Pothigai

Question 5.
Nalli ruled the region of _______ under the cheran rule.
(a)Madurai
(b)Thondai mandalam
(c)hottimalai
(d) Thagadur
Answer:
(c) Thottimalai

II. True or False :

Question 1.
A wise and kind philanthropist called Pari ruled Parambu Nadu.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Adhiyaman was presented with a very rare type of watch
Answer:
False

Question 3.
Valvil ori treated all his people equally
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Cheras, cholas and pandyas are also called as Moovendhars
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Valvil Ori did not stop the unfair practices in the village
Answer:
False

III. Match the following :
Question 1.

Answer:

1. e
2. d
3. a
4. b
5. c

IV. Answer in short :

Question 1.
Name the seven philanthropists.
Answer:

1. Pegan,
2. Pari,
3. Nedumudikari,
4. Aay,
5. Adhiyaman,
6. Nalli,
7. Valvil ori.

Question 2.
Which hilly region did Adhiyaman rule?
Answer:
Adhiyaman ruled a hilly region Thagadur in Dharmapuri district.

Question 3.
Name the Moovendhars.
Answer:
Chera, Chola and Pandiya

Question 4.
Why couldn’t the Cheras, the Cholas and the Pandiyas rule the hilly region?
Answer:
The chera, chola and pandiya were of ancient origins. Together they ruled over this land with a unique culture and language, contributing to the growth of some of the oldest extant literature in the world.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Tamil Guide Pdf Chapter 27 அறிவுநிலா Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Tamil Solutions Chapter 27 அறிவுநிலா

வாங்க பேசலாம்

நீங்கள் அறிந்திருக்கும் புதிர்க்கதைகளுள் ஒன்றை வகுப்பில் பகிர்ந்து கொள்க.
Answer:
ஓர் ஊரில் விறகுவெட்டி ஒருவன் இருந்தான். அவன் மிகவும் ஏழ்மையில் இருந்தான். அவனுடைய அப்பாவிற்குக் கண் தெரியாது. அவனுக்குத் திருமணம் ஆகி நீண்ட நாட்களுக்குப் பிறகும் குழந்தை இல்லை. எப்போதும் அவன் கவலையுடன் இருப்பான். ஒருநாள் ஒரு மரத்தடியில் அமர்ந்து கொண்டு தன் வறுமையை எண்ணியபடியே உறங்கிவிட்டான். கொஞ்ச நேரம் உறங்கியபின் விழித்தெழுந்தான். அடுத்த வேலை உணவிற்கு விறகு வெட்டி எடுத்துச் சென்றால்தான் என்ற நிலைமை. சுறுசுறுப்பானான்.

மரத்தை வெட்ட தன் வாளை எடுத்தான்.
போது அம்மரம் “விறகு வெட்டியே! நில் என்னை வெட்டாதே! நான் ஓர் அதிசய மரம். என் நிழலில் யார் அமர்கிறார்களோ அவர்களுக்கு உதவி செய்வேன். உனக்கு என்ன வரம் வேண்டும் கேள். நான் தருகிறேன். ஆனால் ஒரு வரம்தான் கேட்க வேண்டும்” என்று கூறியது.

விறகு வெட்டி எனக்கு என்ன கேட்பது என்று தெரியவில்லை. வீட்டிற்குச் சென்று என் குடும்பத்தினரிடம் கேட்டு நாளை வந்து கேட்கிறேன் என்றான். மரமும் “சரி” என்று கூறியது. விறகு வெட்டி வீட்டிற்குச் சென்ற நடந்தவற்றைக் கூறினான்.

விறகு வெட்டியின் தந்தை ‘தனக்குப் பார்வையில்லாமல் மிகவும் சிரமப்படுவதாகக் கூறினார். தாய் வீடு பெரிய மாடி வீடாக இருக்க வேண்டும்’ என்று கூறினார். மனைவி, ‘நமக்குக் குழந்தை வேண்டும்’ என்று கூறினாள். மூவருடைய தேவையை எவ்வாறு ஒரு வரத்தினால் பூர்த்தி செய்வது என்று சிந்தித்தான் விறகு வெட்டி.

அடுத்தநாள் விறகு வெட்டி விடியற்காலையில் எழுந்தான். காட்டிற்குச் சென்று அந்த அதிசய மரத்திடம் ஒரு வரம் கேட்டான். மரமும் கொடுத்தது. விறகு வெட்டியும் மகிழ்ந்தான்.

அவன் கேட்ட ஒரு வரம் என்ன?
Answer:
பதில் :
“என் மகனை நான் பள்ளிக்கு அழைத்துச் செல்லும் காட்சியை என் பெற்றோர் வீட்டு மாடியிலிருந்து பார்க்க வேண்டும்” என்பதுதான் விறகு வெட்டி கேட்ட வரம்,

• தந்தைக்குப் பார்வை கிடைத்துவிட்டது.
• தாய் கேட்டதைப் போல் மாடி வீடு கிடைத்தது.
• அவனுக்கு மகனும் பிறந்து விட்டான்.

சிந்திக்கலாமா?

இக்கதையில் வரும் அண்ணனைப்போல் நீ இருந்தால், தம்பிக்கு என்ன செய்திருப்பாய்? கூறுக.
Answer:
இக்கதையில் வரும் அண்ணனைப் போல் நான் இருந்தால் என் தம்பிக்கு நல்லதைச் செய்வேன் பசுவை அவனிடம் கொடுப்பேன். மேலும் அவனைத் தனியே இருக்க வேண்டாம், என்னுடன் சேர்ந்தே இரு என்று கூறுவேன்.

படிப்போம்! சிந்திப்போம்! எழுதுவோம்!

சரியானச் சொல்லைத் தெரிவு செய்து எழுதுவோமா?

Question 1.
‘தினமும்’ என்ற சொல்லின் பொருள் ……………………………..
அ) நாள்தோறும்
ஆ) வேலைதோறும்
இ) மாதந்தோறும்
ஈ) வாரந்தோறும்
Answer:
அ) நாள்தோறும்

Question 2.
‘பனிச்சறுக்கு’ இச்சொல்லைப் பிரித்து எழுதக் கிடைப்பது ……………………………..
அ) பனி + சறுக்கு
ஆ) பனிச் + சறுக்கு
இ) பன + சறுக்கு
ஈ) பன் + சறுக்கு
Answer:
அ) பனி + சறுக்கு

Question 3.
‘வேட்டை + நாய்’ – இச்சொற்களைச் சேர்த்து எழுதக் கிடைப்பது ……………………………..
அ) வேட்ட நாய்
ஆ) வேட்நாய்
இ) வேட்டை நாய்
ஈ) வேட்டநாய்
Answer:
இ) வேட்டை நாய்

வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்க

Question 1.
ஓராண்டு நிலத்தில் உழைத்தவர் யார்?
Answer:
ஓராண்டு அண்ணனுடைய நிலத்தில் தம்பி உழைத்தார்.

Question 2.
பெரியவர் சொன்ன புதிர்கள் எத்தனை?
Answer:
பெரியவர் சொன்ன புதிர்கள் மூன்று. அவை,

• முதல் புதிர் – மனிதனுடைய வயிற்றை நிரப்புவது எது?
• இரண்டாவது புதிர் – மனிதனுக்கு மிக மகிழ்ச்சியைத் தருவது எது?
• மூன்றாவது புதிர் – அதிக விரைவாகச் செல்வது எது?

Question 3.
புதிருக்குச் சரியான பதிலளித்தவர் யார்?
Answer:
புதிருக்குச் சரியான பதிலளித்தவர் தம்பி.

Question 4.
பெரியவர் பசுவை யாருக்குக் கொடுத்தார்?
Answer:
பெரியவர் பசுவைத் தம்பிக்குக் கொடுத்தார்.

Question 5.
கவின்நிலா பெரியவருக்குக் கொடுத்த பரிசு என்ன?
Answer:
கவின்நிலா பெரியவருக்குக் கொடுத்த பரிசு சிட்டுக்குருவி.

எதிர்ச்சொல்லுடன் இணைப்போமா?

Answer:

இணைந்து செய்வோம்

விளையாடலாம் வாங்க! தூண்டில் மீன் விளையாட்டு!

மீன் வடிவத்தில் அட்டைகளை வெட்டிக் கொண்டு அட்டையில் பின்வரும் சொற்களை எழுதிக் கொள்ள வேண்டும். அட்டையில் குண்டூசியைக் குத்தி, வகுப்பறையின் நடுவில் வட்டமிட்டு அதில் அட்டைகளை பரப்பி வைக்க வேண்டும். ஒரு குச்சியின் நுனியில் நூலின் ஒரு முனையைக் கட்ட வேண்டும். மறுநுனியில் காந்தத்தை வைத்துக் கட்டிக் கொள்ள வேண்டும். வகுப்பறையில் பெரியதொரு வட்டமிட்டு வட்டத்தில் ஓர் அம்புக்குறி இடவேண்டும். வட்டத்தில் மாணவர்களை ஓடவிட வேண்டும். ஆசிரி ஊதியவுடன் மாணவர்கள் வட்டத்தில் நிற்க வேண்டும். அம்புக்குறி இட்ட இடத்தில் எந்த மாணவர் நிற்கிறாரோ அவர், தூண்டில் மூலம் ஓர் அட்டையை எடுத்து, அதில் உள்ள சொல்லுக்குப் பன்மைச் சொல் கூற வேண்டும்.

Answer:

கலையும் கைவண்ணமும்

வண்ணம் தீட்டி மகிழ்வோம்

பாதி என்னிடம் மீதி உன்னிடம் வரைந்து வண்ணம் தீட்டு.

மாணவர்கள் தாங்களாகவே வண்ணம் தீட்டி மகிழ வேண்டும்.

மொழியோடு விளையாடு

Answer:

அறிந்து கொள்வோம்

விடுகதைகளுக்கு ஒன்பது வடிவங்கள் உள்ளன.

1. புதிர்
2. சொல் விளையாட்டு
3. மாற்றெழுத்துப் புதிர்
4. வினோதச் சொற்கள்
5. எழுத்துக்கூட்டு
6. விகடம்
7. ஓவியப் புதிர்
8. சொற்புதிர்
9. நொடிவினா

சொல்லுக்குள் சொல் கண்டுபிடி!

கொடுக்கப்பட்ட சொல்லின் பொருள் கட்டத்திலுள்ள எழுத்துகளுள் ஒளிந்திருக்கிறது கண்டுபிடித்து எழுதுக.

Answer:

செயல் திட்டம்

உங்கள் வீட்டிலுள்ள பெரியவர்களிடம் கேட்டு 20 விடுகதைகள் எழுதி வருக.
Answer:

1. ஒற்றைக் காதுக்காரன், ஓடி ஓடி வேலி அடைக்கிறான். அது என்ன?
2. புறப்பட்டது தெரிகிறது; போன சுவடு தெரியவில்லை . அது என்ன ?
3. பார்த்தால் கல்; பல் பட்டால் நீர். அது என்ன?
4. பிடி இல்லாத குடையைத் தொட முடியவில்லை . அது என்ன ?
5. மனிதன் போடாத பந்தலிலே மலர்ந்து கிடக்கின்றன பூக்கள். அது என்ன?
6. மட்டை உண்டு, கட்டை இல்லை; பூ உண்டு, மணமில்லை. அது என்ன?
7. மூடாத வாய்க்கு முழ வால். அது என்ன?
8. முகம் பார்த்து வளரும்; முடிவில்லாமல் தொடரும். அது என்ன?
9. திரி இல்லாத விளக்கு; உலகம் எல்லாம் தெரியும். அது என்ன?
10. சின்னத் தம்பி , குனிய வச்சான். அது என்ன?
11. அள்ள முடியும்; ஆனால் கிள்ள முடியாது – அது என்ன?
12. அள்ளவும் முடியாது; கிள்ளவும் முடியாது – அது என்ன?
13. ஏழை படுக்கும் பாய்; எடுத்துச் சுருட்ட ஆள் இல்லை ?
14. பொழுது சாய்ந்தால் பூந்தோட்டம்; விடிந்து பார்த்தால் வெறுந் தோட்டம்.
15. தாளைக் கொடுத்தால் தின்னும்; தண்ணிர் குடித்தால் மடியும்.
16. நித்தம் கொட்டும்; சத்தம் இல்லை
17. பக்கத்திலுள்ள பட்டணத்தைப் பார்க்க முடியவில்லை.
18. நூல் நூற்கும்; இராட்டை அல்ல, ஆடை நெய்யும், தறியும் அல்ல.
19. சூடுபட்டுச் சிவந்தவன், வீடுகட்ட உதவுவான்.
20. பட்டையைப் பட்டையை நீக்கி, பதினாறு பட்டையை நீக்கி, முத்துப் பட்டையை நீக்கி, முன்னே வாராள் சீமாட்டி

கூடுதல் வினாக்கள்

நீரப்புக:

1. வறுமையில் வாடியவன் …………………………….
2. செல்வச்செழிப்பில் இருந்தவன்  …………………………….
3. அண்ணனுடைய நிலத்தில் தம்பி  ……………………………. முழுவதும் உழைத்தான்.
4. பெரியவர் கூறிய புதிர்கள் மொத்தம்  …………………………….
5. பெரியவரின் புதிர்களுக்கு விடையைக் கூறியவர்  …………………………….
6. விடையைத் தம்பிக்குக் கூறியவர் அவருடைய மகள்  …………………………….
Answer:
1. வறுமையில் வாடியவன் தம்பி.
2. செல்வச்செழிப்பில் இருந்தவன் அண்ணன்.
3. அண்ணனுடைய நிலத்தில் தம்பி ஓராண்டு முழுவதும் உழைத்தான்.
4. பெரியவர் கூறிய புதிர்கள் மொத்தம் மூன்று.
5. பெரியவரின் புதிர்களுக்கு விடையைக் கூறியவர் தம்பி.
6. விடையைத் தம்பிக்குக் கூறியவர் அவருடைய மகள் கவின்நிலா.

வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்க.

Question 1.
‘அறிவு நிலா’ பாடம் உணர்த்திய நீதி யாது?
Answer:

• வல்லவனுக்கு வல்லவன் வையத்தில் உண்டு.
• வல்லவனுக்குப் புல்லும் ஆயுதம்.

Question 2.
பசுவைக் கேட்ட தம்பியிடம் அண்ணன் என்ன கூறினான்?
Answer:
அண்ணன், தம்பியிடம், “அதெப்படி முடியும்? ஓராண்டுக் காலம் நீ என் பசுவிடம் பால் கறந்து பலனை அனுபவித்தாய் அல்லவா? அதனால் இரண்டிற்கும் சரியாகிவிட்டது” என்றான்.

Question 3.
மூன்று புதிர்களுக்கும் அண்ணன் என்ன பதில் கூறினான்?
Answer:
அண்ண ன், அவரிடம், “பெரியவரே! ஒரு மனிதனுடைய வயிற்றை நிரப்புவது எது என்று கேட்டீர்கள். அதற்குச் சரியான விடை அறுசுவை உணவு சாப்பிட்டால் வயிறு நிரம்பும். பல மணி நேரம் பசிக்காது.

இரண்டாவது மனிதனுக்கு மகிழ்ச்சியைத் தருவது எது என்று கேட்டீர்கள். அதற்கு விடை பணம். பணம் பெட்டி நிறைய இருக்கும்போது எவ்வளவு மகிழ்ச்சி ஏற்படுகிறது தெரியுமா? பணம் குறையக் குறைய மகிழ்ச்சியும் குறையும். மூன்றாவதாக அதி விரைவாகச் செல்வது எது என்று கேட்டீர்கள். அதற்குச் சரியான விடை வேட்டை நாய். வேட்டை நாய்கள் விரைவாக ஓடி முயல்களைக்கூடப் பிடித்த விடுகின்றனவே” என்று சொல்லிவிட்டுப் பெரியவரைப் பார்த்து, “பசு எனக்குத்தானே” என்று கேட்டான்.

Question 4.
மூன்று புதிர்களுக்கும் தம்பி அளித்த பதில்களை எழுதுக.
Answer:
தம்பி பெரியவரைப் பார்த்து, “நம் வயிற்றை நிரப்புவது பூமி. பூமித்தாயிடம்தான் நாம் உண்ணும் தானியங்களும், கிழங்குகளும் கிடைக்கின்றன. அந்த உணவால்தான் விலங்குகளும், பறவைகளும் வாழ்கின்றன. இரண்டாவதாக ஒரு மனிதனுக்கு அதிக மகிழ்ச்சி தருவது தூக்கம், தூக்கத்திற்காக விலையுயர்ந்த செல்வத்தையும் மனிதன் விட்டுவிடுவான் மூன்றாவது அதிவிரைவாகச் செல்வது நமது சிந்தனை ஓட்டம் அது நாம் விரும்பியபோது, விரும்பிய இடத்தில் கொண்டு போய்ச் சேர்க்கும்” என்று பதில் கூறினான்.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 4th Tamil Guide Pdf Chapter 26 உறவுமுறைக் கடிதம் Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 4th Tamil Solutions Chapter 26 உறவுமுறைக் கடிதம்

வாங்க பேசலாம்

உறவுமுறைக் கடிதத்தில் உள்ள செய்திகளை சொந்த நடையில் கூறுக.
Answer:
பள்ளியில் நடைபெற்ற பாரம்பரிய விளையாட்டு விழா’ பற்றிய செய்திகள்.
பாண்டி ஆட்டம், கபடி முதலிய வெளி விளையாட்டுகளும் தாயம், ஐந்தாங்கல், பல்லாங்குழி முதலிய உள் விளையாட்டுகளும் நம் பாரம்பரிய விளையாட்டுகளாகும். இவை உடலுக்கும் அறிவுக்கும் ஆற்றல் தரும்.

பாண்டி ஆட்டம் ஒருமுகத்திறன், கூர்மைப் பண்பு, குதிதிறன் ஆகியவற்றைத் தருகிறது. பல்லாங்குழி சிந்தனையைச் சிதறாமல் வளர்க்கும் ஆற்றல் மிக்கது. இருப்பவரிடம் இருந்து இல்லாதவர்க்குக் கொடுக்கும் நற்பண்பை உணர்த்தும்.

தாய விளையாட்டின் போது ஏற்றத்திற்கான நல்ல வழிகளையும் இறக்கத்திற்கான தீய வழிகளையும் தெரிந்து கொள்ளலாம். வாழ்வின் அவசியமான ஒழுக்கத்தை அறிந்து கொள்ளும் சரியான விளையாட்டு ஆகும்.

கல்லாட்டம், ஐந்தாங்கல் ஆகிய விளையாட்டுகள் சீனா, பர்மா, இலங்கை போன்ற நாடுகளிலும் விளையாடப்படுகிறது. கற்களைத் தூக்கிப் போட்டு விளையாடும் போது ‘கவனச் சிதறல்’ வராமல் மனம் ஒருமுகப்படுகிறது. அடுத்த கல்லில் விரல் படாது எடுத்து ஆடுகையில் விரலின் பங்கோடு எண்ணமும் சரியாகப் பங்காற்றுகிறது. கைகளுக்கு வலிமை சேர்க்கிறது.

தமிழக விளையாட்டுகள் நம் உடல் வலிமையையும் உள்ள வலிமையையும் கூட்டுகிறது என்பதை அனைவரும் அறிவோம்.

சிந்திக்கலாமா?

நவீன் தான் நினைப்பதையெல்லாம் தன் மாமாவிடம் சொல்ல நினைப்பான். ஆனால், அலைபேசியில் பேசும்போது அத்தனையும் மறந்துவிடுவான்.
குழலி, தான் பேச நினைப்பதையெல்லாம் ஒன்றுவிடாமல் கடிதத்தில் எழுதித் தன் அக்காவுக்கு அனுப்புவாள்.
Answer:
குழலி, தான் பேச நினைப்பதையெல்லாம் ஒன்றுவிடாமல் கடிதத்தல் எழுதித் தன் அக்காவுக்கு அனுப்புவாள். இச்சூழல்தான் சிறந்தது.

ஒருநாளில் நாம் பலவிதமான நிகழ்வுகளைக் காண்கிறோம். அவற்றைக் காணும் போது நம் மனம் அவற்றைப் பற்றிச் சிந்திக்கும். எல்லாவற்றையும் நினைவில் வைத்துக் கொள்வது என்பது இயலாது. அதற்குக் குழலி செய்வதுதான் சிறந்தது.

படிப்போம்! சிந்திப்போம்! எழுதுவோம்!

சரியான சொல்லைத் தெரிவு செய்து எழுதுவோமா?

Question 1.
நற்பண்பு – இச்சொல்லைப் பிரித்து எழுதக் கிடைப்பது…………………………
அ) நல்ல + பண்பு
ஆ) நற் + பண்பு
இ) நல் + பண்பு
ஈ) நன்மை + பண்பு
Answer:
ஈ) நன்மை + பண்பு

Question 2.
பின்வருவனவற்றுள் எது உள்ளரங்க விளையாட்டு இல்லை? ………………..
அ) தாயம்
ஆ) ஐந்தாங்கல்
இ) பல்லாங்குழி
ஈ) கபடி
Answer:
ஈ) கபடி

Question 3.
பாரம்பரியம் – இச்சொல்லுக்குரிய பொருளைத் தராத சொல்……………………
அ) அண்மைக்காலம்
ஆ) தொன்றுதொட்டு
இ) தலைமுறை
ஈ) பரம்பரை
Answer:
அ) அண்மைக்காலம்

வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளி

Question 1.
தமிழகப் பாரம்பரிய விளையாட்டுகள் எவை?
Answer:
பாண்டி ஆட்டம், கபடி, தாயம், ஐந்தாங்கல், பல்லாங்குழி ஆகியவை தமிழகப் பாரம்பரிய விளையாட்டுகள் ஆகும்.

Question 2.
உள்ளரங்க விளையாட்டுகளின் பெயர்களை எழுதுக.
Answer:
தாயம், ஐந்தாங்கல், பல்லாங்குழி ஆகியவை உள்ளரங்கு விளையாட்டுகளாகும்.

Question 3.
கடிதத்தில் இடம்பெற்றுள்ள பழமொழியின் பொருள் யாது?
Answer:
கரும்பு தின்னக் கூலியா?
நாம் விரும்பியதைச் செய்வதற்கு நமக்கு யாரும் கூலி கொடுக்க வேண்டியதில்லை. நாமாகவே அச்செயலை சிறப்பாக செய்வோம்.

மொழியோடு விளையாடு

உங்களுக்குப் பிடித்த விளையாட்டுகளைக் கட்டத்தில் கண்டறிந்து எழுதுக

Answer:

1. கிளித்தட்டு
2. பம்பரம்
3. பல்லாங்குழி
4. சடுகுடு
5. அம்மானை
6. தாயம்
7. ஆடுபுலி
8. கோலி
9. ஐந்தாங்களல்
10. கிட்டிபுள்

கலையும், கைவண்ணமும்

இராக்கெட் செய்வோம்! செடிக்கு நீர் ஊற்றுவோம்!

உரைப்பகுதியைப் படித்து வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்க

விளையாட்டும் பொழுதுபோக்கும் ஓரினத்தின் பண்பாட்டு வரலாற்றில் குறிப்பிடத்தக்க இடம்பெறுவன. சங்க காலத்தில் இளையரும் முதியவரும் பலவகையான விளையாட்டுகளிலும் பொழுதுபோக்குகளிலும் ஈடுபட்டனர். அவற்றுள் ஒன்று, ஏறுதழுவுதல். முல்லை நிலத்தில் வாழ்ந்த மக்கள், கூரிய கொம்புகளை உடைய காளைகளை அடக்குவதனை வீர விளையாட்டாகக் கருதினர்.

Question 1.
ஓரினத்தின் பண்பாட்டு வரலாற்றில் குறிப்பிடப்படுவன யாவை?
Answer:
விளையாட்டும் பொழுதுபோக்கும் ஓரினத்தின் பண்பாட்டு வரலாற்றில் குறிப்பிடப்படுவனவாகும்.

Question 2.
ஏறுதழுவுதல் என்றால் என்ன?
Answer:
காளைகளை அடக்கும் வீர விளையாட்டு ஏறுதழுவுதல் எனப்படும்.

Question 3.
உரைப்பகுதியில் இடம்பெற்றுள் எதிர்ச்சொற்களை எழுதுக.
Answer:
இளையவர் × முதியவர்

Question 4.
ஏறுதழுவுதல் எந்த நிலத்துடன் தொடர்புடையது?
Answer:
ஏறு தழுவுதல் முல்லை நிலத்துடன் தொடர்புடையது.

Question 5.
நிரப்புக. ஏறு தழுவுதல் என்பது, …………….. விளையாட்டு.(உள்ளரங்க/வெளியரங்க)
Answer:
வெளியரங்க.

அறிந்து கொள்வோம்

கடிதத்தில் அனுப்புநர், பெறுநர் முகவரி தெளிவாகக் குறிப்பிடப்பட வேண்டும். இல்லையெனில் அனுப்பியவர்க்கே திரும்பி வந்துவிடும்.

செயல் திட்டம்

எவையேனும் பத்து விளையாட்டுகளின் பெயர்களையும் அவற்றிற்குரிய படங்களையும் திரட்டிப் படத்தொகுப்பை உருவாக்குக.
Answer:
மாணவர்கள் தாங்களாகவே செய்ய வேண்டியது.

கூடுதல் வினாக்கள்

நீரப்புக:

1. பள்ளியில் ………………………………. விழா நடைபெற்றது.
2. பாடலோடு ஆடும் ஆட்டம் ……………………………….
3. சிந்தனையைச் சிதறாமல் வளர்க்கும் ஆற்றல்மிகு விளையாட்டுகள் ……………………,……………………. மற்றும் ……………………………….
4. வாழ்விற்கு அவசியமான நற்பண்பு ……………………………….
5. பாரம்பரிய விளையாட்டுகள் பெருமையின் ………………………………. மட்டுமன்று; நன்மையின் ………………………………. ஆகும்.
Answer:
1. பள்ளியில் பாரம்பரிய விளையாட்டு விழா நடைபெற்றது.
2. பாடலோடு ஆடும் ஆட்டம் கபடியாட்டம்.
3. சிந்தனையைச் சிதறாமல் வளர்க்கும் ஆற்றல்மிகு விளையாட்டுகள் பல்லாங்குழி, கல்லாட்டம் மற்றும் ஐந்தாங்கல்.
4. வாழ்விற்கு அவசியமான நற்பண்பு ஒழுக்கம்.
5. பாரம்பரிய விளையாட்டுகள் பெருமையின் அடையாளம் மட்டுமன்று; நன்மையின் விளைநிலமும் ஆகும்.

வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்க.

Question 1.
குறள்செல்வி, இளவேனிலுக்கு எழுதிய கடிதத்தில் எதைப் பற்றி எழுதினாள்?
Answer:
குறள் செல்வியின் பள்ளியில் நடைபெற்ற பாரம்பரிய விளையாட்டு விழா , பற்றியும் அவளுடைய அனுபவங்களைத் தன் தோழியிடம் பகிர்ந்து கொள்வதற்காகவும் கடிதம் எழுதினாள்.

Question 2.
உள்விளையாட்டு, வெளிவிளையாட்டுகளாகக் கடிதத்தில் குறிப்பிடப்பட்டவை யாவை?
Answer:
உள் விளையாட்டுகள் – தாயம், ஐந்தாங்கல், பல்லாங்குழி
வெளி விளையாட்டுகள் – பாண்டி ஆட்டம், கபடி.

Question 3.
தமிழக விளையாட்டுகள் நமக்கு எவற்றைத் தருகிறது?
Answer:
தமிழக விளையாட்டுகள் உடலுக்கும், அறிவுக்கும் ஆற்றல் தருகிறது.

Question 4.
பாண்டி ஆட்டத்தினால் நாம் எவற்றைப் பெறுகிறோம்?
Answer:
பாண்டி ஆட்டத்தினால் ஒருமுக திறன், கூர்மைப்பண்பு, குதிதிறன் ஆகியவற்றைப் பெறுகிறோம்.

Question 5.
பல்லாங்குழி, தாயம் – விளக்குக.
Answer:
பல்லாங்குழி : பல்லாங்குழி சிந்தனையைச் சிதறாமல் வளர்க்கும் ஆற்றல்மிகு விளையாட்டு. இருப்பவரிடம் இருந்து இல்லாதவர்கக்குக் கொடுக்கும் நற்பண்பை உணர்த்தும்.

தாயம் : இவ்விளையாட்டின் மூலம் வாழ்வின் ஏற்றத்திற்கான நல்ல வழிகளையும், இறக்கத்திற்கான தீயவழிகளையும் அறியலாம். வாழ்வின் அவசியமான ஒழுக்கத்தை அறிந்து கொள்ளும் சரியான விளையாட்டு ஆகும்.

Question 6.
கல்லாட்டம், ஐந்தாங்கல் பற்றி எழுதுக.
Answer:
கல்லாட்டம், ஐந்தாங்கல் ஆகிய விளையாட்டுகள் சீனா, பர்மா, இலங்கை போன்ற நாடுகளிலும் விளையாடப்படுகிறது.

தூக்கிப்போட்டு விளையாடும்போது கவனச்சிதறல்’ வராமல் ஒருமுகப்படுத்தி வெற்றி பெறுதல் பயிற்சி ஆகிறது.

அடுத்த கல்லில் விரல்படாது எடுத்து ஆடுகையில் விரலின் பங்கோடு எண்ணமும் சரியாகப் பங்காற்றுகிறது. கைகளுக்கு வலிமை சேர்க்கிறது.