Prasanna

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 8th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 4 Life Mathematics Ex 4.4 Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th Maths Solutions Chapter 4 Life Mathematics Ex 4.2

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks:
(i) Loss or gain percentage is always calculated on the ________ .
Answer:
Cost Price

(ii) A mobile phone is sold for ₹ 8400 at a gain of 20%. The cost price of the mobile phone is ________ .
Answer:
₹ 7000
Hint:
Let cost price of mobile be ₹ x
Given that selling price is ₹ 8400 and gain is 20%
As per formula,

(iii) An article is sold for ₹ 555 at a loss of 7\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)%. The cost price of the article is ________ .
Answer:
₹ 600
Hint:
Given selling price is ₹ 555 & loss 7\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)%
as per formula

(iv) A mixer grinder marked at ₹ 4500 is sold for ₹ 4140 after discount. The rate of discount is ________ .
Answer:
8 %
Hint:
Marked price is ₹ 4500
Discounted price in ₹ 4140
∴ Discount = Marked price – Discounted priòe
= 4500 – 4140 = 360

(v) The total bill amount of a shirt costing ₹ 575 and a T-shirt costing ₹ 325 with GST of 5% is ________ .
Answer:
Cost of price shirt = ₹ 575 (CP)
GST = 5%

Cost of price shirt = ₹ 325 (CP)
GST = 5%

∴ Total bill amount = ₹ 603.75 + ₹ 341.25 = ₹ 945

Question 2.
If selling an article for ₹ 820 causes 10% loss on the selling price, then find its cost price.
Answer:
Given that selling price (SP) = ₹ 820
Loss % = 10 %

Question 3.
If the profit earned on selling an article for ₹ 810 is the same as loss on selling it for ₹ 530, then find the cost price of the article.
Answer:
Case 1: Profit = Selling price (SP) – Cost price (CP)
Case 2: Loss = Cost price (CP) – Selling price (SP)
Given that profit of case 1 = loss of case 2
∴ P = 810 – CP
L = CP – 530
Since profit (P) = loss (L)
810 – CP = CP – 530
∴ 2CP = 810 + 530 = 1340 ⇒ C.P = \(\frac{1340}{2}\)
∴ CP = 670

Question 4.
If the selling price of 10 rulers is the same as the cost price of 15 rulers, then find the profit percentage.
Answer:
Let cost price of one ruler be x
Given that selling price (SP) of 10 rulers.
i.e., same as cost price (CP) of 15 rulers
∴ SP of 10 rulers = 15 × x = 15x
∴ SP of 1 ruler = \(\frac{15 x}{10}\) = 1.5x
∴ Gain = SP of 1 ruler – CP of 1 ruler = 1.5x – x = 0.5x

Question 5.
Some articles are bought at 2 for ₹ 15 and sold at 3 for ₹ 25. Find the gain percentage.
Answer:
Let cost price of one article be C.P
Given that 2 are bought for ₹ 15
∴ 2 × CP = 15 ⇒ CP = \(\frac{15}{2}\)
Let selling price of one article be SP
Given that 3 are sold for ₹ 25
∴ 3 × SP = 25 ⇒ SP = \(\frac{25}{3}\)
∴ Gain = SP – CP = \(\frac{25}{3}-\frac{15}{2}=\frac{50-45}{6}=\frac{5}{6}\)

= \(11 \frac{1}{9}\)

Question 6.
By selling a speaker for ₹ 768, a man loses 20%. In order to gain 20%, how much should he sell the speaker?

Answer:
Selling price (SP) of speaker = ₹ 768
Loss % = 20 %
as per formula

∴ CP = \(\frac{768 \times 100}{80}\) = 960
For gain of 20%, we should now calculate the selling price

= 96 × 12 = ₹ 1152

Question 7.
Find the unknowns x, y and z.

Answer:
(i) Book marked price = ₹ 225 discount 8%
∴ Selling price (x) = Marked price × \(\left(\frac{(100-d \%)}{100}\right)\)
= 225 × \(\frac{(100-8)}{100}\) = 225 × \(\frac{92}{100}\) = ₹ 207

(ii) LED TV selling price = 11970 discount = 5%, Marked price = y
∴ Selling price Marked price y × \(\left(\frac{(100-d \%)}{100}\right)\)
∴ 11970 = y × \(\frac{(100-5)}{100}\)
∴ y = \(\frac{11970 \times 100}{95}\) = 126 × 100 = ₹ 12,600

(iii) Digital clock marked price (MP) = ₹ 750, MP = ₹ 12.600
Selling price (SP) = ₹ 615, Discount = z

100 – z = 82
∴ z = 100 – 82, Discount = 18%

Question 8.
Find the total bill amount for the data given below:

Answer:
Formula for discounted price LW = Marked price (MP) × \(\frac{(100-d \%)}{100}\)
When d is the discount %

For bill amount, we should apply GST on the discounted value of the items.
Formula: Bill amount = Discounted price × \(\left(\frac{(100+\mathrm{GST} \%)}{100}\right)\)
∴ For (i) School bag.
Bill amount 475 × \(\left(\frac{(100+12)}{100}\right)\) = 475 × 1.12 = %‘532
∴ For (ii) Hair drier,
Bill amount = 1800 × \(\left(\frac{(100+28)}{100}\right)\) = 1800 × 1.28 =
∴ Total bill amount Bill amount of School bag + Stationary + Cosmetics + Hair drier
= 532 + 252 + 1357 + 2304
= ₹ 4.445

Question 9.
A branded Air-Conditioner (AC) has a marked price of ₹ 38000. There are 2 options given for the customer.
(i) Selling Price is the same ₹ 38000 but with attractive gifts worth ₹ 3000
(or)
(ii) Discount of 8% on the marked price but no free gifts. Which offer is better?

Answer:
Marked price of AC = ₹ 38,000
Option 1:
Selling price = ₹ 38000 & gifts worth ₹ 3000
∴ Net gain for customer = ₹ 3000 as there is no discount on AC

Option 2:
Discount of 8%, but no gift
∴ Discounted value = MP × \(\left(\frac{(100-d \%)}{100}\right)\)
38000 × \(\frac{(100-8)}{100}\) = 38000 × 0.92 = 34960
∴ Savings for customer = 38000 – 34960 = 3040
Therefore, the customer gets 3000 gift in option I where as he is able to save only ₹ 3040 in option 2. Therefore, option 2 is better.

Question 10.
If a mattress is marked for ₹ 7500 and is available at two successive discount of 10% and 20%, find the amount to be paid by the customer.
Answer:
Marked price of mattress = ₹ 7500
Discount d₁ = 10%
Discount d₂ = 20%

Objective Type Questions

Question 11.
A fruit vendor sells fruits for ₹ 200 gaining ₹ 40. His gain percentage is
(A) 20%
(B) 22%
(C) 25%
(D) 16
Answer:
(C) 25%
Hint:
Selling price ₹ 200
Gain = 40
∴ CP – Selling price – gain = 200 – 40 = 160

Question 12.
By selling a flower pot for Z528, a woman gains 20%. At what price should she sell it to gain 25%?
(A) ₹ 500
(B) ₹ 550
(C) ₹ 553
(D) ₹ 573
Answer:
(B) ₹ 550
Hint:
If selling price (sp) = ₹ 528
Gain % = 20 %
∴ CP = ?

Question 13.
A man buys an article for ₹ 150 and makes overhead expenses which are 12% of the cost price. At what price must he sell it to gain 5%?
(A) ₹ 180
(B) ₹ 168
(C) ₹ 176.40
(D) ₹ 88.20
Answer:
(C) ₹ 176.40
Hint:
Cost price of article = ₹ 150
Over head expenses = 12% of cost price
= \(\frac{12}{100}\) × 150 = ₹ 18
∴ Effective cost of article = 150 + 18 = ₹ 168
Now, to gain 5%, he has to sell at

Question 14.
What is the marked price of a hat which is bought for Z210 at 16% discount?
(A) ₹ 243
(B) ₹ 176
(C) ₹ 230
(D) ₹ 250
Answer:
(D) ₹ 250
Hint:
Let marked price be MP
Discounted price = ₹ 210
Rate of discount = 16%
As per formula:

Question 15.
The single discount in % which is equivalent to two successive discounts of 20% and 25% is
(A) 40%
(B) 45%
(C) 5%
(D) 22.5%
Answer:
(A) 40%
Hint:
Let marked price be MP, after discount 1 of 20%,

Comparing with formula, we get
∴ This is equivalent to a single discount of 40%

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 8th Maths Guide Pdf Chapter 4 Life Mathematics Ex 4.1 Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th Maths Solutions Chapter 4 Life Mathematics Ex 4.1

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks:
(i) If 30 % of x is 150, then x is _______ .
Answer:
500
Hint:
Given 30% of x is 150
i.e \(\frac{30}{100}\) × x = 150

∴ x = 500

(ii) 2 minutes is _______ % to an hour.
Answer:
3\(\frac{1}{3}\)%
Hint:
Let 2 min be x% of an hour
and 1 hr = 60mm
x% = \(\frac{2}{60} \times 100=\frac{200}{60}=\frac{10}{3}=3 \frac{1}{3}\)
x = 3\(\frac{1}{3}\)%

(iii) If x% of x = 25, then x = _______ .
Answer:
50
Hint:
Given that x% of x is 25
∴ \(\frac{x}{100}\) × x = 25
∴ x² = 25 × 100 = 2500
∴ x = √2500 = 50

(iv) In a school of 1400 students, there are 420 girls. The percentage of boys in the school is _______ .
Answer:
70
Hint:
Given total number of students in school = 1400
Number of girls in school = 420
∴ Number of boys in school = 1400 – 420 = 980

= \(\frac{980}{14}\) = 70
% of boys = 70%

(v) 0.5252 is _______ %.
Answer:
52.52%
Hint:
Given a number, and to express as a percentage, we need to multiply by 100
∴ to express 0.5252 as percentage, we should multiply by 100
∴ 0.5252 × 100 = 52.52%

Question 2.
Rewrite each underlined part using percentage language.
(i) One half of the cake is distributed to the children.
Answer:
50% of the cake is distributed to the children
Hint:
One half is nothing but \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)
as percentage, we need to multiply by 100
∴ \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) × 100 = 50%

(ii) Aparna scored 7.5 points out of 10 in a competition.
Answer:
Aparna scored 75% in a competition
Hint:
7.5 points out of 10 is \(\frac{7.5}{10}\) = 0.75
For percentage, we need to multiply by 100
We get 0.75 × 100 = 75%

(iii) The statue was made of pure silver.
Answer:
The statue was made of 100% pure silver
Hint:
Pure silver means there are no other metals
so, 100 out of 100 parts is made of silver = \(\frac{100}{100}\)
∴ to express as percentage, \(\frac{100}{100}\) × 100% = 100%

(iv) 48 out of 50 students participated in sports.
Answer:
96% students participated in sports.
Hint:
48 out of 50 students in fraction form is \(\frac{48}{50}\)
As a percentage, we need to multiply by 100

(v) Only 2 persons out of 3 will be selected in the interview.
Answer:
Only 66\(\frac{2}{3}\)% will be selected in the interview.
Hint:
2 out of 3 in fraction form is \(\frac{2}{3}\)
to express as percentage, we need to multiply by 100
\(\frac{2}{3} \times 100=\frac{200}{3}=66 \frac{2}{3} \%\)

Question 3.
48 is 32% of which number?
Answer:
Let the number required to be found be ‘x’
Given that 32% of x is 48
i.e., \(\frac{32}{100}\) × x = 48

∴ x = 150

Question 4.
What is 25% of 30% of 400?
Answer:
Required to find 25% of 30% of 400

Question 5.
If a car is sold for ₹ 2,00,000 from its original price of ₹ 3,00,000, then find the percentage of decrease in the value of the car.

Answer:
original price of car = ₹ 3,00,000
actual selling price of car = ₹ 2,00,000
Decrease in amount from original = 3,00,000 – 2,00,000 = 1,00,000

Question 6.
If the difference between 75% of a number and 60% of the same number is 82.5, then find 20% of that number.
Answer:
Given that 75% of number less 60% of number is 82.5
Let the number be ‘x’
∴ \(\frac{75}{100}\) x x – \(\frac{60}{100}\) x x = 82.5
∴ 0.75 x – 0.60 x = 82.5
∴ 0.15 x = 82.5
∴ x = \(\frac{82.5}{0.15}=\frac{8250}{15}\) = 550
Required to find 20% of number ie 20% of x.

Question 7.
A number when increased by 18% gives 236. Find the number.
Answer:
Let the number be x. Given that when it is increased by 18%, we get 236.

Question 8.
A number when decreased by 20% gives 80. Find the number.
Answer:
Let the number be x. Given that when it is increased by 20% we get 80.

x = 100

Question 9.
A number is increased by 25% and then decreased by 20%. Find the percentage change in that number.
Answer:
Method 1.
Let the number be x.
First it is increased by 25%
∴ It becomes x + \(\frac{25}{100}\) × x = \(\frac{125}{100}\)
Secondary it is decreased by 20%
\(\frac{125 x}{100}-\frac{20}{100} \times \frac{125}{100} x=\frac{125}{100} x \times \frac{80}{100}=x\)
Now we get back x, therefore there is no change.
Hence percentage change in that number is 0%

Method 2.
[to understand, let us assume that number is 100]
So, first when we increase by 25%, we get

Now this 125 is decreased by 20%, we get
125 – \(\frac{25}{100}\) × 125 = 125 – 25 = 100
∴ We get back 100 ⇒ No change
Hence percentage change in that number is 0%

Question 10.
The ratio of boys and girls in a class is 5:3. If 16% of boys and 8% of girls failed in an examination, then find the percentage of passed students.
Answer:
Let number of boys be ‘b’ and number of girls be ‘g’
Ratio of boys and girls is given as 5:3
b:g = 5:3 ⇒ \(\frac{b}{g}=\frac{5}{3}\) …… (A)
Failure in boys = 16% = \(\frac{16}{100}\) × b = \(\frac{16b}{100}\)
Failure in girls = 8% = \(\frac{8}{100}\) × g = \(\frac{8g}{100}\)
Pass in boys = 100 – 16% = 84% = \(\frac{84}{100} b\) …… (1)
Pass in girls = 100 – 8% = 92% = \(\frac{92}{100} g\) ……. (2)
From A, we have \(\frac{b}{g}=\frac{5}{3}\) , adding I on both sides, we get
\(\frac{b}{g}\) + 1 = \(\frac{5}{3}\) + 1
\(\frac{b+g}{g}=\frac{5+3}{3}=\frac{8}{3}\)
∴ g = \(\frac{3}{8}\)(b + g) ……. (3)
Similarly b = \(\frac{5}{8}\) (b + g) ……. (4)
Total pass = pass in girls + pass in boys
= (1) + (2) = \(\frac{84}{100} b+\frac{92}{100} g\)

Objective Type Questions

Question 11.
12% of 250 litre is the same as ________ of 150 litre.
(A) 10%
(B) 15%
(C) 20%
(D) 30%
Answer:
(C) 20%
Hint:
12% of 250 = \(\frac{12}{100}\) × 250 = 30 lit.
Percentage: \(\frac{30}{150}\) × 100 = 20%

Question 12.
If three candidates A, B and C in a school election got 153,245 and 102 votes respectively, then the percentage of votes got by the winner is ________ .
(A) 48%
(B) 49%
(C) 50%
(D) 45%
Answer:
(B) 49%
Hint:
Candidate 1: 153
Candidate 2: 245 – winner [as maximum votes)
Candidate 3: 102
Total votes = 1 + 2 + 3 = 153 + 245 + 102 = 500

= \(\frac{245}{500}\) × 100 = 49%

Question 13.
15% of 25% of 10000 = ________ .
(A) 375
(B) 400
(C) 425
(D) 475
Answer:
(A) 375
Hint:
15% of 25% of 10000 is
First let us do 25% of 10,000, which is

Next 15% of the above is \(\frac{15}{100}\) × 2500 = 375

Question 14.
When 60 is subtracted from 60% of a number to give 60, the number is
(A) 60
(B) 100
(C) 150
(D) 200
Answer:
(D) 200
Hint:
Let the number be ‘X’
60% of the number is \(\frac{60}{100}\) × x = \(\frac{60x}{100}\)
Given that when 60 is subtracted from 60%, we get 60
i.e \(\frac{60}{100}\) x – 60 = 60
∴ \(\frac{60}{100}\) x 60 + 60 = 120
∴ x = \(\frac{120 \times 100}{60}\) = 200

Question 15.
If 48% of 48 = 64% of x, then x =
(A) 64
(B) 56
(C) 42
(D) 36
Answer:
(D) 36
Hint:
Given that 48% of 48 = 64% of x

x = 36

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Guide Pdf Poem 2 A Poison Tree Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Solutions Poem 2 A Poison Tree

9th English Guide A Poison Tree Textbook Questions and Answers

A. Answer the following questions in a sentence or two.

1. I was angry with my friend
I told my wrath my wrath did end.

Question (a).
Who does T refer to?
Answer:
‘I’ refer to the Poet.

Question (b).
How did the anger of the poet come to an end?
Answer:
The anger of the poet came to an end when he told his wrath

2. And I watered it in fears
Night and morning with my tears;

Question (a).
What does ‘it’ refer to?
Answer:
It refers to the seed [wrath]

Question (b).
How is ‘it’ watered?
Answer:
It is watered with tears.

3. In the morning glad I see
My foe outstretched beneath the tree

Question (a).
How did the poet feel in the morning?
Answer:
The poet was glad to see it in the morning

Question (b).
Who is the ‘foe’ referred to here?
Answer:
Satan is the foe referred to here.

Question (c).
Why was the ‘foe’ found lying outstretched beneath the tree?
Answer:
The foe was dead. So he was found to be so.

4. And it grew both day and night,
Till it bore an apple bright.

Question (a).
Who does ‘it’ refer to?
Answer:
‘It’ refers to the tree.

Question (b).
What does ‘apple’ signify?
Answer:
Apple signifies wrath

Question (c).
What grew both day and night?
Answer:
The tree grew both day and night.

Additional Questions and Answers

1. I was angry with my foe
I told it not, my wrath did grow

Question (a).
Who was angry?
Answer:
The poet was angry.

Question (b).
Who was the Poet angry with?
Answer:
The poet was angry with his enemy (foe)

Question (c).
What was the effect for not telling the wrath?
Answer:
The wrath started growing.

Question (d).
What is the antonym of ‘wrath’?
Answer:
The antonym of ‘wrath’ is calm or pleasure.

2. And I sunned it with smiles
And with soft deceitful wiles.

Question (a).
How did the Poet sun the tree?
Answer:
The poet sunned the tree with smiles and soft deceitful wiles

Question (b).
What is meant by ‘deceitful wiles’?
Answer:
‘Deceitful wiles’ means cunning tricks.

3. And my foe beheld it shine
And he knew it was mine.

Question (a).
Who beheld it shine?
Answer:
The poet’s foe beheld it shine.

Question (b).
What does ‘foe’ refer to?
Answer:
‘Foe’ refers to Satan, the enemy of mankind.

Question (c).
What did the enemy know about the fruit?
Answer:
The enemy knew that the fruit belonged to the poet.

4. And into my garden stole
When the night had veiled the pole

Question (a).
Where did the enemy steal?
Answer:
The enemy stole in the garden.

Question (b).
What did the enemy steal?
Answer:
The enemy stole the apple.

Question (c).
When did he steal the fruit?
Answer:
He stole the fruit when the night covered the pole.

Question (d).
What is meant by ‘the pole’?
Answer:
The pole means north or south pole of the earth.

Question (d).
Explain the phrase; “night had veiled”
Answer:
The night is dark and it covers all. So night had covered up under darkness.

B. Complete the summary by filling in the given spaces with suitable words.

Once the poet was angry with his friend. He expressed his (1) ……….. and it ended. They became friendly but when he grew angry with his foe, he (2) ………. it and allowed his anger to grow. Day and night he watered it with his tears allowing it to grow. He (3) ……….. his foe with false smiles and cunning tricks. The tree kept growing and yielded a bright apple which (4) ………. his foe to eating it stealthily during the night. The next morning the poet was happy to see his foe lying (5) ……….. under the tree.
Answer:

1. wrath or anger
2. did not tell
3. sunned
4. beheld
5. outstretched

C. Answer the following questions in about 80-100 words

1. How did the poet’s anger with his friend end?
Answer:
The poet expressed his anger towards his friend as well as his enemy. But he specified the difference between two types of anger. He told me that when he was angry with a friend, he convinced his own heart to forgive his friend. He sorted out the differences with his friend by expressing his anger to him and by discussing his own points of view with him. Even if he was hurt and he knew that his friend had done injustice to him, he would have tried his best to forget the past and end the feeling of vengeance in his heart. In this way, the poet’s anger, with his friend, came to an end.

(OR)

The poet tells about a friend and an enemy. He was angry with both of them. But he told his friend that he was angry and why he was so. Due to some reasons, it might have happened. But the poet had love for his friend. He approached his friend. He could become easy and smooth. They could strengthen their friendship. The anger disappeared from their minds. The poet told his friend his extreme anger. The displeasure vanished in no time. Love defeated enmity. Enmity could not grow anymore.
“Love Your enemies”

2. Describe how his anger kept, growing.
Answer:
Poem: A poison tree
Author: Ruskin bond
Theme: Grow love but not enmity
Character : poet, his friend, and enemy, tree

The poet encountered his enemy. But he was very careful not to tell him his anger. He allowed his anger to grow. He watered it regularly. It grew into a tree. It blossomed and began to bear fruit. The poet pretended to be friendly. But he sunned the tree only with false love.

The poet made his attitude more attractive. His aim was only to defeat his enemy and kill him finally. The poet was keen on his aim. His anger kept growing as a tree robustly.
“Grow love and throw enmity”

(OR)

The poet describes a different scenario with him. He was once angry with his enemy but he did not tell him about it. Since the poet did not talk about his anger, it became bigger and bigger. The Poets anger was like a seed. He watered the seed regularly in fear with tears. It sprouted and grew like a tree.

The poet pretends to be friendly to his enemy. The very act of being friendly strengthens his enemy act like sunshine on the plant of his anger. The poet makes his behavior appear more attractive than it is. But inwardly the poet’s anger keeps growing by all means.
“Never grow enmity but love”

3. Describe the effect of the poisonous fruit on the ‘enemy’.
Answer:
The poet, William Blake, revealed his anger to his friend and the anger ended. But when the poet concealed his anger from his enemy, the anger grew. It grew like a tree that bore a bright apple. His enemy saw the shining apple. Even though he knew that the apple belonged to the poet, he wanted to have it. So the enemy came secretly into the garden when it was night and ate the apple. In the morning, the ‘ poet’s anger changed into gladness when he found the enemy outstretched under the poison tree. The apple in the tree of anger symbolizes the poisonous effect.

(OR)

The wrath of the poet has become an actual tree. Anger does not bear apples. But apple trees can do. The tree has grown well. It has started blossoming and bearing fruits. The apple is very bright and it is attractive to the enemy’s eyes. The enemy makes up his mind to taste it. He tries to get the fruit stealthily. Apparently, in the dark night the enemy eats the apple. It ends up killing the enemy or making him fall asleep. Death has become inevitable to the enemy. Thus the poisonous fruit killed the enemy and made the poet happy.
“Destroy enmity but not enemies”

Poem appreciation:
D. Figures of Speech:

Question 1.
I was angry with my foe
Answer:
The words ‘was’ and ‘with’ are alliterated. ( The sound /w/ is repeated)

Question 2.
Till it bore an apple bright
Answer:
The words ‘bore’ and ‘bright’ are in alliteration ( The sound / b / is repeated)

Question 3.
Night and morning with my tears
Answer:
The words ‘morning’ and ‘my’ are in alliteration (The sound / m / is repeated)

Question
And with soft deceitful wiles
Answer:
The words ‘with’ and ‘wiles’ are in alliteration. (The sound / w / is repeated)

E. Read the following lines from the poem and answer the questions that follow.

1. I was angry with my friend
I told my wrath, my wrath did end
I was angry with my foe I told it not, my wrath did grow.

Question 1.
Pick out the rhyming words
Answer:
The rhyming words are “friend, end” and “foe, grow”

Question 2.
What is the rhyme scheme of the stanza?
Answer:
The rhyme scheme is “aabb”

Question 3.
Identify the figure of speech in the title of the poem
Answer:
The figure of speech is a “metaphor”

2. And I watered it in fears
Night and morning with my tears.

Question 1.
What figure of speech is used in ‘watered it in fears’?
Answer:
The figure of speech used here is a ‘metaphor’

Additional Questions & Answers

1. And I watered it in fears
Night and morning with my tears
And I sunned it with smiles And with soft deceitful wiles

Question 1.
What are the rhyming words in this stanza?
Answer:
The rhyming words are fears, tears; smiles, wiles.

Question 2.
What is the rhyme scheme used in this stanza.
Answer:
The rhyme scheme used in this stanza is “aabb”

Question 3.
Pick out the alliterated words in this stanza.
Answer:
(a) The words in alliteration in second-line are morning and my
(b) The words in alliteration in third line are ‘stunned and smiles’.
(c) The words in alliteration in the fourth line are ‘with and wiles’

Listening:

F. Listen to your teacher reading out the tips on anger management. The recording can be played more than once if needed.

Answer:

1. c. to calm your inner self.
2. e. who always tells you how to act.
3. b. to know how to handle it is a virtue.
4. a. who will take care of the reason why you got angry?
5. d. speak to your self and calm yourself.

G. Answer the following in about 80 – 100 words. Take ideas from the poem and also use your own ideas.

Question 1.
Recall a recent situation when you became angry. What were the consequences of your anger? After listening to the guidelines on anger management, find out how well you could have handled the situation. Write your findings.
Answer:
“When you squeeze an orange, orange juice comes out – because that s what is inside. When you are squeezed, what comes out is what is inside.” – Wayne Dyer
I don’t remember what the specific dates were of the incident but I do remember it involved my supervisor at the time. I think she had reacted in a way that I didn’t like.

Question 2.
What might have caused the conflict which led to the poet becoming angry with his enemy? Think of one such situation that you have experienced. Describe how you felt and how the enmity grew and things became worse.
Answer:
In the poem ‘A poison tree’ the poet is not satisfied to wait for his enemy to die But he wants to kill him using deceit. Everyone knew a bully or had an enemy when they were growing up . There is enmity between individuals, groups, countries etc. The love of hating paves way to enmity. Enmity grows because of jealousy, greed, pride and arrogance, disloyalty and intolerance.

Things become worse when enmity grows. Enmity is a result of all evils. It leads to hatred and aversion. Enmity destroys the virtues of man. It affects the good character of oneself. It makes anyone very selfish. It cheers up at the defeat and death of the enemy. Thus the things become worse when the enmity grows.

H. Discuss and Write.

Question 1.
Identify five to six qualities that make an ordinary person, loved and respected by all Work in groups of five or six. Each group has to take up one quality and discuss the methods for imbibing that quality and identify the challenges that need to be faced.
Answer:
Six qualities which make an ordinary person loved and respected by all

1. Politeness
2. Listening
3. Helpfulness
4. Avoiding excuses
5. Adapting to changes
6. forgiveness

Question 2.
Adolescents are often distracted by feelings like anger, disappointment, and general helplessness when they face challenges at school or at home. Suggest ways to turn such feelings into positive ones.
Answer:

1. When you are distracted by your feelings you may do the following to turn them into positive ones,
2. Breathe and relax yourself
3. Suspend your point of view and take on the others.
4. Become more mindful
5. Bring humor to the rescue.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Guide Pdf Poem 1 Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Solutions Poem 1 Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening

9th English Guide Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening Textbook Questions and Answers

B. Answer the following questions in a sentence or two.

1. He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.

Question (a).
Who does ‘he’ refer to?
Answer:
He refers to the owner of the forest.

Question (b).
Identify the season with these lines
Answer:
It is the winter season.

2. My little horse must think it queer
To stop without a farmhouse near

Question (a).
Who is the speaker?
Answer:
The poet is the speaker.

Question (b).
Why should the horse think it queer?
Answer:
The horse thought it queer because there was no farmhouse near,

Question (c).
Pick out the rhyming words:
Answer:
The rhyming words are: “queer, near”

3. He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there is some mistake.

Question (a).
Whom does ‘he’ refer to in these lines?
Answer:
He refers to the horse.

Question (b).
Why does he give his harness bells a shake?
Answer:
He gives his harness bells a shake to ask the master if there is some mistake.

Question (c).
How does the horse communicate with the poet?
Answer:
The horse communicates with the sound of the harness bells.

4. The woods are lovely, dark, and deep
But I have promises to keep

Question (a).
How are the woods?
Answer:
The wood are lovely, dark and deep.

Question (b).
Who does T refer to?
Answer:
T refers to the poet.

Question (c).
What are the promises the speaker is talking about?
Answer:
The poet is talking about his commitments in life.

5. And miles to go before I sleep,
And miles to go before I sleep.

Question (a).
Why has the poet repeated the last line?
Answer:
The poet has repeated the last line to show the regrets that he is unable to enjoy the beauty of the forest filled with sno w.

Question (b).
Explain: miles to go before I sleep
Answer:
The poet reminds himself of his duties he has to do before he goes to sleep. Sleep symbolizes daily sleep and eternal sleep which is death.

C. Complete the summary of the poem by filling in the blanks.

After a long travel, the poet entered a (1) ………. He wondered to whom the wood (2)……….. He realized that the owner of the wood lived in a (3)………. He was happy that the owner would not be able to (4)………. him stopping in his woods to watch (5)………. fill the woods. The poet felt that the horse would think it very (6)………. to stop near the woods as he had never (7)……….. He was actually standing between the woods and (8)……….. The time was (9)………. The horse indicated that the poet had made a (10)………….. by shaking its head, The poet felt that the woods are lovely, (11)………. and (12)………. He suddenly realized that he had worldly (13)………. which would not allow him to (14)………. in the woods for a long time.
Answer:

1. forest
2. belongs to
3. village
4. see
5. how the snow would
6. strange
7. stopped there
8.  lake
9. evening
10. mistake
11. dark
12. deep
13. duties
14. stay

D. Answer the questions in two or three sentences.

Question 1.
What information does the poet highlight about the seasons and the time of the day in the poem?
Answer:
The darkest evening of the year refers to December 21, the longest night of the year, when there is biting cold. The winter season had its spell on Nature. By using the symbol of darkness in the second stanza, the poet brings forth a sense of sadness and peace.

Question 2.
In which way is the reaction of the speaker different from that of the horse? what does it convey?
Answer:
The poet is compelled to stop to stare at the beauty of the woods. The horse is thinking it queer to stop by the forest before reaching the farmhouse. It conveys contradictory ideas over a certain action.

Question 3.
What are the sounds heard by the poet?
Answer:
Shaking of harness bells and the sound of the wind is heard by the poet.

Question 4.
The poet is aware of two choices, what are they? what choice does he make ultimately?
Answer:
Hie poet can wait and watch the lovely woods or he can go home and attend to the important business. His ultimate choice was to go a long way and reach home.

Question 5.
Pick out words from the poem that brings to mind peace and quiet.
Answer:
Pick out words from the poem that brings to mind peace and quiet. Some words that bring to mind peace and quiet are: deep; easy wind; woods; snow; frozen lake; And miles to go before I sleep.

E. Identify the rhymes scheme used in each stanza. One example has been done for you.

Answer:

1. aaba
2. aaba(bbcb)
3. aaba (cede)
4. aaaa (dddd)

F. Complete the table by identifying lines, against the poetic devices front the poem. One example is done for you.

Answer:

Writing

G. Answer the following questions in a paragraph about 80-100 words.

Question 1.
It is said that ’’the choices made by one, shape one’s destiny” Ponder on the thought and write a paragraph.
Answer:
The choices made by one, shape one’s destiny. This is the theme of the poem ‘Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening’ by Robert Frost. The biggest choice that he wrestles with is whether to return to the warmth and safety of the village or to stay and watch the woods fill up with snow. The poet finds it hard to decide. He ultimately decides to return home, but it seems to take all of his will power.

H. Work in. pairs and discuss the factors that contribute towards making a choice and make a presentation to the class.
Answer:
No one on this earth is without a choice, choice is an ambition in life. Everyone wants to become; somebody, Everyone wants to do something new in life. Each one wants to do different things. Each one is unique. Each choice demands a lot from the choice maker. In order to become an engineer or a scientist or doctor or sportsman or lawyer, one must choose his subject matching with the
career.

This is the first level in career choice. Once the studies are over, then comes the choice of a career. For everything, education is the basic thing except a few. whatever we desire or aim to do becomes true in our life. Destiny or fate is shaped by every individual’s choice. One who wants to be a sports person like Sachin or Srikkanth must work towards it. One who wants to be a doctor or a scientist.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Guide Pdf Supplementary Chapter 4 The Aged Mother Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Supplementary Chapter 4 The Aged Mother

10th English Guide Supplementary The Aged Mother Textbook Questions and Answers

A. Rearrange the sentences given below in the correct sequence.

1. The son made up his mind to take back his mother home.
2. A farmer decided to leave his old mother on top of a mountain.
3. The governor realized his mistake and abolished the law.
4. Once in Shining, a cruel ruler declared that all old people must be put to death.
5. Using the clever idea of his mother, the farmer made a rope of ashes.
6. When the farmer bade farewell, she advised him to return home with the aid of twigs.
7. Filled with dread, he hid his mother in his home.
8. The mother dropped the small twigs as markers on the way to help her son return.

Answers:

1. Once in Shining, a cruel ruler declared that all old people must be put to death.
2. A farmer decided to leave his old mother on top of a mountain.
3. The mother dropped the small twigs as markers on the way to help her son return.
4. When the farmer bade farewell, she advised him to return home with the aid of twigs.
5. The son made up his mind to take back his mother home.
6. Filled with dread, he hid his mother in his home.
7. Using the clever idea of his mother, the farmer made a rope of ashes.
8. The governor realized his mistake and abolished the law.

B. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.

Question 1.
What was the cruel announcement made by the leader?
Answer:
The cruel announcement was to put to death all the aged people.

Question 2.
Why was the farmer filled with sorrow?
Answer:
The farmer was filled with sorrow because he loved his aged mother very much. He did not want her to die.

Question 3.
What were the things carried by the farmer to the summit of the mountain?
Answer:
He took a quantity of unwhitened rice. He cooked and dried it. He tied it in a square cloth and swung it in a bundle around his neck. He also took a gourd filled with cool sweet water.

Question 4.
Why did the mother become anxious as they climbed up the mountain?
Answer:
The mother became anxious because her son did not know the mountain’s many paths and his return might be one of the dangers.

Question 5.
What did the mother drop along the way?
Answer:
She dropped a pile of twigs along the way.

Question 6.
What was the advice given by his mother for the safe return of her son?
Answer:
The mother advised her son to look carefully and follow the path which holds the piles of twigs which will guide him to the familiar path farther down.

Question 7.
Why did the farmer’s burden seem to be light on his way back home?
Answer:
The farmer’s burden seemed to be light on his way back because he was happy to take his mother back to his home.

Question 8.
Where did the farmer hide his mother?
Answer:
The farmer hid his mother in a walled closet beneath the kitchen floor.

Question 9.
How did the farmer make the rope of ashes? On whose suggestion did he do it?
Answer:
Using the clever idea of his mother, the farmer made a rope of ashes. He made this by making a rope of twisted straw and burning it on a windless night.

Question 10.
How did the Governor realize his mistake?
Answer:
The governor realized his mistake when he listened to the farmer’s story and meditated in silence. He abolished his cruel law.

C. Answer each of the following in a paragraph of 120 to 150 words.

Question 1.
Narrate the circumstances that led to the abandoning of the aged in Shining.
Answer:
The country Shining was governed by a cruel leader. He was a warrior. But he had a great and cowardly shrinking from anything suggestive of failing health and strength. This caused him to send out a cruel announcement. The entire province was given strict orders to immediately put to death all aged people. Those were harsh days and the custom of abandoning old people to die was common.

The poor farmer loved his aged mother with tender respect. This order filled his heart with sorrow. But no one ever thought twice about it. So with many deep and hopeless sighs, the farmer prepared to give his mother the kindest mode of death. He decided to take her to the summit of the Obatsuyama mountain and leave her there.

(OR)

Title: The Aged Mother
Author: Matsuo Basho (1644 – 1694)
Character: The farmer, his mother, and the governor
Theme: “Haste makes waste”

Shining was ruled by a cruel ruler. He was a warrior. He was a coward shrinking from anything’ suggestive of failing health and strength. This caused him to make a cruel announcement.

The province was given strict orders to put to death all aged people. The poor farmer loved his aged mother and respected her. This order made him very sad. But none thought twice about it. So the farmer prepared to give his mother the kindest mode of death. He took her to the bare summit called Obat-suyama, the mountain of ‘abandoning of the aged’.

(OR)

1. A cruel leader ruled ‘Shining’
2. He was a warrior
3. He made a cruel announcement to kill all aged people
4. The poor farmer loved his aged mother very much
5. This order made him very sad
6. So, the farmer prepared the kindest mode of death for his mother
7. He took his mother to the summit of Obatsuyama
8. It was the mountain of abandoning of the aged

Question 2.
Describe the farmer’s painful journey up the mountain.
Answer:
Introduction:
In this paragraph we are going to see about the painful journey of the farmer who loved his mother very much, up to the mountain.

Farmer’s thoughts:
Shining was ruled by a cruel leader. He ordered the entire province that the old must be killed. The farmer wanted his mother to die at the summit of Obatsuyama.

Painful journey:
At sunset, the farmer carried his mother and took some unwhitened rice. He also took a gourd filled with cool sweet water. The road was long and steep. The path was crossed and recrossed by many wood cutters and farmers.

In some place, he lost the path and got confused. But he didn’t mind it. He went blindly upwards. His mother was anxious about her son’s safety return. So she dropped some piles of twigs on their path. Weary and heart sick he gently released his burden. He made a comfortable place for her mother.

Conclusion:
Thus the farmer, with sorrow hearted left her mother in the mountains of Obatsuyama. Thus, he ended the painful journey up the mountain.

(OR)

Title: The Aged mother
Author: Matsuo Basho (1644 – 1694)
Character: The farmer, his mother
Theme: “Blood is thicker than water”

At sunset, the farmer took some cooked and dried unwhitened rice. He tied it in a cloth and swung it in a bundle around his neck with a gourd of cool sweet water. He took his helpless mother on his back and started his journey up the mountain. The narrow path was crossed.

His mother was anxious that her son did not know many mountain paths. She dropped piles of twigs on their path to help her son return home safely. Weary and heart sick he released his burden. He also prepared a place of comfort as his last duty to her mother. Thus he ended his painful journey up the mountain.

(OR)

1. At sunset the farmer took some cooked and dried unwhitened rice.
2. He tied it in a cloth and swung around his neck
3. He took a gourd with cool sweet water.
4. He lifted his helpless mother to his back and started his journey.
5. The long narrow road was crossed by many paths.
6. Tired and heart sick, he put down his burden
7. He silently prepared a place of comfort to her mother
8. Thus he ended his painful journey

Question 3.
‘The old are wise’. Prove this with reference to the story ‘The Aged Mother.
Answer:
A cruel ruler of Shining in Japan proclaims an announcement that all old people should be put to death. A poor farmer s heart was filled with sorrow after hearing this, because he loved his mother very much. So he carried her to the top of the mountain with a lot of difficulties, as the path was confusing and dangerous. When he bid farewell to her, she advised him to follow the path where piles of twigs were dropped.

It would be easier for him to find his way. Her son’s heart broke at this attitude of his mother. He brought her back and hid her in a closet beneath the kitchen floor. His mother proved her wisdom, when the governor demanded a rope of ashes. She gave her son a clever idea to present a rope of ashes. The Governor was glad. He praised her sense of wisdom and abolished his cruel law.

(OR)

Title: The Aged Mother
Author: Matsuo Basho (1644 – 1694)
Character: The farmer, his mother and the governor.
Theme: “The old are always wise”

Shining was ruled by a cruel leader. He announced that all old people must be put to death. A poor farmer became sad after this announcement, because he loved his mother very much. So he took his mother on his back to the summit. It was very difficult as the path was long, narrow, steep and confusing.

It was crossed and recrossed by many paths. He brought his mother back and hid her in a closet beneath the kitchen floor. The governor demanded for a rope of ashes. The mother gave him clever idea to make it. Her son presented it to the governor. He was amazed. He praised the old mother for her wisdom. Thus he abolished his cruel law against the aged people.

“The aged people deserve our care”

(OR)

1. Shining was ruled by a cruel leader
2. He announced to put all the aged to death
3. A poor farmer became sad as he loved his mother very much
4. He took his mother to the summit
5. The path was long, steep and narrow
6. It was very difficult for him to carry his mother
7. He left her there and bade farewell to her mother
8. He brought his mother back home and hid her in a closet
9. The governor demanded a rope of ashes
10. The farmer’s mother gave a clever idea to make it
11. The governor was amazed seeing it
12. He praised the old mother for her wisdom
13. The governor abolished the cruel law against the aged people.

D. Identify the character/speaker.

Question 1.
He gave orders for the aged to be put to death.
Answer:
governor

Question 2.
He considered the order to be the kindest mode of death.
Answer:
farmer

Question 3.
She quietly dropped some twigs on the way.
Answer:
the aged mother

Question 4.
Let not thine eyes be blinded.
Answer:
the aged mother

Question 5.
Together we will follow the path together we will die.
Answer:
farmer

Question 6.
I will think. I will think.
Answer:
the aged mother

Question 7.
The truth must be told.
Answer:
farmer

Question 8.
He listened and meditated in silence.
Answer:
governor

Question 9.
Shining needs more than the strength of the youth.
Answer:
governor

Question 10.
With the crown of snow there cometh wisdom.
Answer:
governor

E. Choose the appropriate answer and fill in the blanks.

Question 1.
Shining was governed by a ………………… leader.
(a) strict
(b) kind
(c) cruel
(d) diplomatic.
Answer:
(c) cruel

Question 2.
The ………………. was the principal food for the poor.
(a) wheat
(b) brown rice
(c) unwhitened rice
(d) millet
Answer:
(c) unwhitened rice

Question 3.
The road was crossed and re-crossed by many paths made by the …………………
(a) hunters and woodcutters
(b) robbers and thieves
(c) vendors and tradesmen
(d) wildlife photographers and trekkers
Answer:
(a) hunters and woodcutters

Question 4.
Gathering …………………. he made a soft cushion and tenderly lifted his old mother onto it.
(a) dry leaves
(b) fallen pine
(c) broken twigs
(d) flowers
Answer:
(b) fallen pine

Question 5.
The governor demanded that his subjects should present him with a …………………..
(a) basket of fruits
(b) rope of ashes
(c) flesh of animals
(d) bag of silverwares
Answer:
(b) rope of ashes

Rearrange the following sentence in coherent order.

Exercise: 1

1. (a) Strict order were given to put to death all aged people
2. (b) The poor farmer loved his aged mother with tender reverence
3. (c) The order filled his heart with sorrow
4. (d) He had a cowardly shrinking from anything suggestive of failing health and strength
5. (e) The country shining was governed by a despotic leader
Answer:
1. (e) The country shining was governed by a despotic leader
2. (d) He had a cowardly shrinking from anything suggestive of failing health and strength
3. (a) Strict order were given to put to death all aged people
4. (b) The poor farmer loved his aged mother with tender reverence
5. (c) The order filled his heart with sorrow

Exercise: 2

1. (a) The Governor said, “I should have forgotten the well-known saying – with the crown of snow, there cometh wisdom”.
2. (b) The aged mother’s son called the people and made a rope of ashes, as his mother said.
3. (c) With deep bows he related his story.
4. (d) He demanded to know where he had obtained his wisdom.
5. (e) The governor was pleased at the wit of the youth.
Answer:
1. (b) The aged mother’s son called the people and made a rope of ashes, as his mother said.
2. (e) The governor was pleased at the wit of the youth.
3. (d) He demanded to know where he had obtained his wisdom.
4. (c) With deep bows he related his story.
5. (a) The Governor said, “I should have forgotten the well-known saying – with the crown of snow, there cometh wisdom”.

Exercise: 3

1. (a) She gave an idea – “make a rope of twisted straw”
2. (b) Again the governor sent forth herald bearing an unreasonable order.
3. (c) An stretch it upon flat stone and burn it on a windless night.
4. (d) The son whispered the news to his hidden mother.
5. (e) He demanded his subject to present him with a rope of ashes.
Answer:
1. (b) Again the governor sent forth herald bearing an unreasonable order.
2. (e) He demanded his subject to present him with a rope of ashes.
3. (d) The son whispered the news to his hidden mother.
4. (a) She gave an idea – “make a rope of twisted straw”
5. (c) An stretch it upon a flat stone and burn it on a windless night.

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.

1. The country Shining was governed by a despotic leader who though a warrior, had a great and cowardly shrinking from anything suggestive of failing health and strength. This caused him to send out a cruel proclamation. The entire province was given strict orders to immediately put to death all aged people.

Those were barbarous days, and the custom of abandoning old people to die was not uncommon. The poor farmer loved his aged mother with tender reverence, and the order filled his heart with sorrow. But no one ever thought twice about obeying the mandate of the governor, so with many deep and hopeless sighs, the youth prepared for what at that time was considered the kindest mode of death.

Question 1.
Who governed Shining?
Answer:
A despotic leader governed Shining.

Question 2.
What was the cowardly act of the governor?
Answer:
The cowardly act of the governor was to shrink from anything.

Question 3.
What proclamation did the governor send out?
Answer:
The governor sent out a proclamation to put to death all the aged people.

Question 4.
How did the poor farmer treat his mother?
Answer:
The poor farmer loved his mother with tender reverence.

Question 5.
Did the people obey the governor’s order?
Answer:
Yes. The people obeyed the governor’s order.

2. Just at sundown, when his day’s work was ended, he took a quantity of unwhitened rice which was the principal food for the poor, and he cooked, dried it, and tied it in a square cloth, which he swung in a bundle around his neck along with a gourd filled with cool, sweet water. Then he lifted his helpless old mother to his back and started on his painful journey up the mountain.

The road was long and steep; the narrow road was crossed and recrossed by many paths made by the hunters and woodcutters. In someplace, they lost and confuse, but he gave no heed. One path or another, it mattered not. On he went, climbing blindly upward ever upward towards the high bare summit of what is known as Obatsuyama, the mountain of the “abandoning of the aged”.

Question 1.
When did he start his journey to the mountain?
Answer:
He started his journey at sunset.

Question 2.
What did he carry for his mother?
Answer:
He carried some cooked unwhitened rice and some cool sweet water.

Question 3.
How was the road on his journey?
Answer:
The road was long and steep.

Question 4.
Who made many paths on the narrow road?
Answer:
The hunters and the woodcutters made many paths.

Question 5.
What was the name of the mountain?
Answer:
It was named Obatsuyama.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Guide Pdf Supplementary Chapter 3 The Story of Mulan Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Supplementary Chapter 3 The Story of Mulan

10th English Guide Supplementary The Story of Mulan Textbook Questions and Answers

A. Choose the best answers.

Question 1.
Mulan goes to the battle instead of her father because …………………
(a) she wants to be a soldier
(b) she was asked to join the army,
(c) her father is old
(d) her brother is sick.
Answer:
(c) her father is old

Question 2.
What did Mulan do before leaving the house?
(a) took leave from her mother
(b) cut off her hair
(c) prayed
(d) made a dress for war
Answer:
(b) cut off her hair

Question 3.
What is the story about?
(a) winning
(b) friendship
(c) women empowerment
(d) patriotism
Answer:
(c) women empowerment

Question 4.
The emperor asked Mulan to stay with him in the palace as his ………………….
(a) wife
(b) royal advisor
(c) army general
(d) friend
Answer:
(b) royal advisor

Question 5.
The emperor gave Mulan …………………..
(a) six horses and six swords
(b) a death sentence
(c) gold
(d) six camels
Answer:
(a) six horses and six swords

Question 6.
How did the people of the village react to Mulan after her return from the battle?
(a) cheered her
(b) mocked her
(c) punished her
(d) scolded he
Answer:
(a) cheered her

B. Identify the character or speaker of the following lines.

Question 1.
Did I hear about it in town?
Answer:
Mulan’s father

Question 2.
I am your son now?
Answer:
Mulan

Question 3.
The General is a woman?
Answer:
The soldiers

Question 4.
Mulan, stay with me in the palace?
Answer:
The emperor of china

Question 5.
You are too kind, sir?
Answer:
Mulan

C. Answer the following questions in a sentence or two.

Question 1.
What was the emperor’s order?
Answer:
The Emperor’s order was that one man from each Chinese family must leave his family. to join the army.

Question 2.
Where did Mulan’s father hear about the emperor’s order?
Answer:
Mulan’s father heard about the emperor’s order in the town.

Question 3.
Why couldn’t Mulan’s brother go to war?
Answer:
Mulan’s brother couldn’t go to the war because he was a child.

Question 4.
Why did Mulan disguise herself as a man?
Answer:
Women are not allowed to join the army. So Mulan disguised herself as a man.

Question 5.
How did the soldiers become sick?
Answer:
A bad fever swept through the army. So, many soldiers became sick.

Question 6.
How would she be punished if found guilty?
Answer:
She would be killed if found guilty.

Question 7.
Why did the emperor give her fine gifts?
Answer:
The Emperor gave her fine gifts because she won the battle and saved China.

Question 8.
How did the soldiers come to know about Mulan’s real identity?
Answer:
When Mulan was affected by fever, the doctor examined her in the tent. He came to know that she was a woman and told the soldiers. Thus they came to know about Mulan’s real identity.

D. Answer the following questions in a paragraph.

Question 1.
Sketch the character of Mulan?
Answer:
Mulan was a brave warrior who saved China from the enemies. She was determined, courageous and intelligent. She was unselfish too. The incident which best attests to this trait was after returning from the war, the Emperor offered her the post of royal advisor. She refused the post and simply told that she wanted to return home. Mulan’s determination helped her through her adventures defeating the enemies’ army. She never gave up in bad situations. At war, she was very intelligent and was a quick planner. This attitude won her the war for the Chinese. She fought in the battle for twelve years and gained high merit. She refused any rewards except for six fine horses and six fine swords.

(OR)

Title: The Story of Mulan
Author: Unknown
Character: Mulan
Theme: The empowered woman is powerful beyond measure.

Mulan was a teenage girl. She was brave and determined to join the army. She had more concern for her father. She acted as a dedicated soldier in the army. She was in charge of the soldiers. Later she was made the General of the army. She never gave up in bad situations. When she was sick she came out and advised the soldiers how they should attack the enemy.

She was intelligent to tackle the problems. They won the battle. The emperor was very glad. Emperor offered him the post of a royal advisor. The emperor was so glad that Mulan ended the long war. Though the emperor wished her to stay in the palace, She preferred to be with her family. She accepted only six fine horses and six fine swords as rewards. Thus Mulan save China from the enemies.

(OR)

1. Mulan was a teenage girl.
2. She was brave and intelligent.
3. She joined the army.
4. She was in charge of some soldiers.
5. Later she was made the General of the army.
6. They won the battle.
7. The emperor was glad.
8. He gave her six fine horses and six fine swords as rewards.
9. Mulan saved China from the enemies.

Question 2.
Do you agree with Mulan’s decision to go to war? Justify
Answer:
I agree with Mulan’s decision to go to war. She did not want her father to suffer in his old age. She had the patriotic spirit to save the country. She was also optimistic in her approach. She never bothered about her gender. She had the courage and determination to join the army and fight for the country.

She had no fear of death. Her father was afraid that the emperor would kill her for being a woman. But she dared to fight in the battle. She cut her hair like a man. She wore her father’s robe and picked up the sword. She climbed on a horse and bade him goodbye. She went to join the army.

1. I agree with Mulan’s decision to go to war.
2. She did not want her father to suffer in his old age.
3. She had a patriotic spirit.
4. She was optimistic.
5. She had no fear of death.
6. She was courageous to fight for her country.
7. But her father was afraid.
8. She dared to fight in the battle.
9. She cut her hair like a man.
10. She climbed on the horse and went to fight in the battle.
11. Finally she went to join the army.

Question 3.
Rearrange the following sentence in a coherent order.

Exercise: 1

1. (a) Mulan the General of the army, became sick too.
2. (b) A heavy fever swept through the army.
3. (c) The soldiers said, “we will not fight for a woment.
4. (d) “The General is a woman” yelled the soldiers.
5. (e) When the doctor came out of Mulan’s tent, he knew the truth.
Answers:
1. (b) A heavy fever swept through the army.
2. (a) Mulan the General of the army, became sick too.
3. (e) When the doctor came out of Mulan’s tent, he knew the truth.
4. (d) “The General is a woman” yelled the soldiers.
5. (c) The soldiers said, “we will not fight for women.

Exercise: 2

1. (a) The war was and China was saved.
2. (b) Mulan ordered the soldiers to hide so they could attack when the enemy king.
3. (c) Mulan heard about the surprise attack.
4. (d) She got dressed and went outside.
5. (e) No one cared anymore that Mulan was a woman.
Answers:
1. (c) Mulan heard about the surprise attack.
2. (d) She got dressed and went outside.
3. (b) Mulan ordered the soldiers to hide so they could attack when the enemy king.
4. (c) Mulan heard about the surprise attack.
5. (a) The war was and China was saved.

Exercise: 3

1. (a) She was not yet strong but stood tall.
2. (b) Mula heard this from inside her tent.
3. (c) A soldier announces, A surprise attack is coming.
4. (d) It was such a big victory that the enemy gave up at-last.
5. (e) She told the soldiers where they must go to hide so could attack the enemy king.

Answers:
1. (c) A soldier announces, A surprise attack is coming.
2. (b) Mula heard this from inside her tent.
3. (a) She was not yet strong but stood tall.
4. (e) She told the soldiers where they must go to hide so could attack the enemy king.
5. (c) A soldier announces, A surprise attack is coming.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Guide Pdf Supplementary Chapter 1 The Tempest Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Supplementary Chapter 1 The Tempest

10th English Guide Supplementary The Tempest Textbook Questions and Answers

A. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
………………… was the chief of all spirits.
(a) Sycorax
(b) Caliban
(c) Ariel
(d) Prospero
Answer:
(c) Ariel

Question 2.
…………………. raised a dreadful storm
(a) Ariel
(b) Prospero
(c) Miranda
(d) Sycorax
Answer:
(b) Prospero

Question 3.
Miranda was brought to the island …………………. years ago
(a) fourteen
(b) ten
(c) twelve
(d) five
Answer:
(c) twelve

Question 4.
Prospero ordered Ariel to bring …………………. to his place
(a) Gonzalo
(b) Ferdinand
(c) King of Naples
(d) Antonio
Answer:
(b) Ferdinand

Question 5.
…………………. had provided Prospero formerly with books and provisions
(a) Antonio
(b) Ferdinand
(c) Gonzalo
(d) Ariel
Answer:
(c) Gonzalo

Question 6.
The second human being that Miranda saw on this island was …………………
(a) Ariel
(b) Prospero
(c) Ferdinand
(d) Ganzalo
Answer:
(c) Ferdinand

B. Identify the character or speaker

Question 1.
She imprisoned the spirits in the bodies of large trees?
Answer:
Sycorax

Question 2.
He was the chief of all spirits?
Answer:
Ariel

Question 3.
I was the Duke of Milan, and you were a princess?
Answer:
Prospero

Question 4.
What a trouble must I have been to you then?
Answer:
Miranda

Question 5.
Now pray tell me, sir, your reason for raising this sea-storm?
Answer:
Miranda

Question 6.
I will soon move you.
Answer:
Ariel

Question 7.
I will tie your neck and feet together.
Answer:
Prospero

Question 8.
I must finish my task before I take my rest.
Answer:
Ferdinand

Question 9.
He repented and implored his brother’s forgiveness.
Answer:
Antonio

C. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.

Question 1.
Who were the inhabitants of the island?
Answer:
The inhabitants of the island were an old man named Prospero and his daughter Miranda.

Question 2.
What powers did Prospero possess?
Answer:
Prospero possessed the powers of the duke of Milan.

Question 3.
Who was Caliban? What was he employed for?
Answer:
Caliban was the son of a witch named Sycorax. He was employed like a slave to fetch wood and do the most laborious work.

Question 4.
Who was on the ship? How were they related to Prospero?
Answer:
Prospero, Antonio, Gonzalo, and Miranda were on the ship. Antonio was the brother of Prospero. Gonzalo was the lord of his court and Miranda was his little daughter.

Question 5.
Why had Prospero raised a violent storm in the sea?
Answer:
Prospero raised a violent storm in the sea to make his enemies repent for the injustice done to him and his daughter.

Question 6.
How did Miranda feel when her father raised the storm to destroy the ship?
Answer:
Miranda felt that all the people will perish when his father raised the storm to destroy the ship.

Question 7.
What was Ariel ordered to do with the people on the ship?
Answer:
Prospero ordered Ariel to torment the inmates of the ship by raising a violent storm. He also instructed Ariel to bring Ferdinand, the Prince of Naples to his cave.

Question 8.
Give two reasons why Miranda was so concerned about Ferdinand?
Answer:
Ferdinand was a handsome young man and he seemed to be a true man. For these two reasons, Miranda was so concerned about Ferdinand.

Question 9.
Why did Prospero set Ferdinand a severe task to perform?
Answer:
Prospero set Ferdinand a severe task to perform to try his constancy. He resolved to throw some difficulties in his way.

Question 10.
How was Gonzalo helpful to Prospero when he left Milan?
Answer:
Gonzalo helped Prospero by providing books and provisions when he left Milan.

D. Answer the questions in a paragraph of about 100-150 words.

Question 1.
Write a detailed character sketch of Prospero?
Answer:
Prospero was skilled magically and used his powers to create storms, provide entertainment, manipulate others, exercise power, and control over the lives of others. He enjoyed knowledge and learning of spells. He became so entranced by his magic that he did not notice his brother trying to take his title and kill him. Prospero controlled all those who were around him. At the beginning of the play, he got the help of Ariel, the chief of gentle spirits, to create a violent and windy storm to punish his enemies who harmed him and his daughter. Ariel worked for Prospero in exchange for his freedom from a witch, Sycorax. But Caliban was the son of Prospero’s old enemy Sycorax. So, Prospero employed Caliban like a slave, to fetch wood and do the most laborious work.

(OR)

Prospero was an old man. He was a famous Duke of Milan. People of Milan loved him very much. He lived in an island. His daughter Miranda was a beautiful lady. He had released many good spirits from a witch called Sycorax. The spirits were obedient to him. Ariel was the chief among these spirits.

Prospero was deprived of his power by his false brother Antonio. His brother forced Prospero and his daughter into a small boat to die in the sea. But they reached the island and lived there. Prospero was a genuine person. Once Prospero raised a tempest. Prosper wanted Ferdinand to marry his daughter Miranda.

He tested by means of some hard tasks. He forgave his false brother Antonio and the king of Naples. Prospero embraced his brother. He restored their ship to them. Before he left the island. He dismissed Ariel from his service. Prospero was kind not only to his daughter but also to all. He was a nobleman.

Question 2.
Narrate how Prospero made his enemies repent to restore his dukedom?
Answer:
Introduction:
Prospero was the Duke of Milan. His brother Antonio wanted to usurp the dukedom from him. So, he sent Prospero and his daughter to an Island. Now, Prospero wanted the enemies to repent for their deeds.

Prospero’s Revenge:
Prospero, by knowing the arrival of his brother Antonio and the king of Naples ordered Ariel to wreck the ship. Ariel wrecked the ship and brought Ferdinand to the island. Ariel tormented Antonio and the king of Naples. He tormented them till they repented for their mistake.

Ariel’s work:
Ariel brought Antonio and King of Naples and Lord Gonzalo. At first they couldn’t recognize him. He discovered himself to lord Gonzalo. The king realised. Antonio repented for his mistake. In turn, Prospero told that Miranda and Ferdinand got married.

Repentance of enemies:
Ariel made Antonio and the King of Naples to repent for their deeds. Antonio with sad words of sorrow, repented for his mistake. Thus, Prospero restored his kingdom.

Conclusion:
Thus, Prospero restored the kingdom. He restored their ship and freed Ariel from the service.

(OR)

Prospero had raised storms with the help of the spirits. Once his enemies, the King of Naples and his cruel brother Antonio were cast ashore. Prospero ordered his chief spirit Ariel to torment them. The King of Naples and Antonio the false brother repented of their injustice to Prospero. He asked Ariel to bring them there.

They could not recognise him. He first discovered himself to the good old Gonzalo, the preserver of his life and then his brother. The king realised that he was the injured Prospero.

When his brother implored his forgiveness, he forgave him. He gave his daughter Miranda as a gift to the king. Prospero told them not to remember their past trouble. He embraced his brother assuring him of his forgiveness. He restored their ship and also freed Ariel.

(OR)

1. Prospero was the famous Duke of Milan.
2. People of Milan loved Prospero.
3. His brother Antonio seized the kingdom.
4. Antonio sent away Prospero and Miranda to an island.
5. Prospero released good spirits.
6. A good spirit helped them.
7. Prospero raised a storm to wreck the ship.
8. All of them reached the Island.
9. Ferdinand and Miranda loved each other.
10. Prospero’s enemies repented for their fault.
11. Prospero forgave them.

E. Rearrange the following sentences in a coherent order.

Answer:

Coherent Order:

1. Prospero and Miranda came to an island and lived in a cave.
2. Using his powers, Prospero released the good spirits from large bodies of trees.
3. He raised a violent storm in the sea to wreck the ship of his enemies.
4. He ordered Ariel to torment the inmates of the ship.
5. Ariel was instructed to bring Ferdinand, the Prince of Naples to his cave.
6. Ferdinand was the second human whom Miranda had seen after her father.
7. Miranda was attracted by Ferdinand and had more concern towards him.
8. Prospero wanted to test Ferdinand and gave a severe task to perform.
9. The King of Naples, and Antonio the false brother, repented the injustice they had done to Prospero.
10. Prospero forgave them and restored his dukedom, Milan.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Guide Pdf Poem 7 The House on Elm Street Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Poem 7 The House on Elm Street

10th English Guide The House on Elm Street Textbook Questions and Answers

A. Read the given lines and answer the questions given below.

1. It sat alone.
What happened there is still today unknown.
It is a very mysterious place,
And inside you can tell it has a ton of space,
But at the same time, it is bare to the bone.
(a) What does ‘It’ refer to?
(b) Pick out the line that indicates the size of the house?
(c) What is unknown to the poet?
(d) Why is the house a mysterious place?
(e) Find out the rhyming words in the above stanza?
(f) What is the figure of speech in the 1st line?
(g) What is the figure of speech in the 4th line?
Answers:
(a) ‘It’ refers to the mysterious house.
(b) And inside you can tell it has a ton of space, – this line indicates the size of the house.
(c) What happened inside the house
(d) No one knows what is happening inside the house. So it is a mysterious place.
(e) alone – unknown – bone; place – space
(f) Personification
(g) Synecdoche

2. “I drive past the house almost every day.
The house seems to be a bit brighter.
On this warm summer day in May.
It plays with your mind.
To me I say, it is the one of a kind”
(a) To whom does ‘I’ refer to?
(b) Pick out the alliterated words in the 2nd line.
(c) When does the poet drive past the house?
(d) What is the season mentioned here?
(e) What plays with our mind?
(f) Pick out the alliterated words in the 1st line?
(g) Find out the rhyming words in the above stanza?
(h) What is the rhyme scheme mentioned in the above stanza?
Answers:
(a) ‘I’ refers to the poetess, Nadia Bush.
(b) The alliterated words in the second line are a bit brighter.
(c) The poet drives past the house every day.
(d) The summer season is mentioned here.
(e) The mystery of the house plays with our minds.
(f) drive – day.
(g) day – may; mind – kind
(h) abacc

3. It never grows leaves,
Not in the winter, spring, summer, or fall.
It just sits there never getting small or ever-growing tall
How could this be?
(a) What does ‘it’ refer to?
(b) In what way the tree is a mystery?
(c) What are the reasons mentioned here?
(d) Where does a tree sit?
(e) Pick out the alliterated words in the 4th line?
(f) Find out the rhyming words in the above stanza?
(h) What is the literary device used in the 3rd line?
Answers:
(a) ‘It’ refers to the tree that is beside the house.
(b) ‘It’ refers to the tree that is beside the house.
(c) The tree is a mystery because no leaves grow in it during any one of the season. It neither grow tall nor does it become short.
(d) A tree sits besides the house
(e) getting – growing
(f) tree – be; fall – tall
(g) abcca
(h) Paradox is the literary device.

4. “Rumours are conšlandy being made,
And each day the house juši begins to fade.
What happened inside thai house?”
(a) Does the house remain the same every day?
(b) Why does the poet consider the house to be a mystery?
(c) What rumours may be made about the house?
(d) Find out the rhyming words ¡n the above stanza?
(e) What is the rhyme scheme mentioned in the above stanza?
(f) What is the figure of speech In the 2nd line?
Answers:
(a) No, the house doesn’t remain the same everyday.
(b) The poet does not know what is happening in the house
(c) There may be a ghost in the house
(d) made – fade
(e) aab
(f) Hyperbole

5. “What happened inside thai house?
I really don‘t know
I guess ii will always be a myšlery”
(a) Does the poet know what happened in the house?
(b) What is the mystery about the house?
Answers:
(a) No, the poetess doesn’t know what happened in the house.
(b) The mystery about the house is nothing but the fact that no one will know what is happening inside the house.

Additional Questions and Answers

1. “At night the house seems to be alive,
Lights flicker on and off
I am often tempted to go to the house,
To just take a look and see what it is really about,
But fear takes over me”
(a) When does the house seem to be alive?
(b) What happened in the house at night?
(c) Does the poet go to the house?
(d) What stopped the poet from going to the house?
Answers:
(a) The house seems to be alive at night
(b) The lights ¡n the house flicker on and oft
(c) No, the poet does not go to the house
(d) It Is her fear.

2. At night the house seems to be alive
Lights flicker on and off
(a) How does the house seen to be at night?
(b) What happens to th, lights?
Answrs:
(a) The house seems to be alive at night,
(b) The lights flicker on and off.

3. I am often tempted to go to the house
To just take a look and see what it is really
about
But fear takes over me.
(a) What is the temptation of the poet?
(b) Why did the poet want to go to the house?
(c) Did the poet enter the house? Why?
Answers:
(a) The poet is often tempted to go to the house.
(b) The poet wanted to go to the house to look and see the reality about it.
(c) No, the poet didn’t enter the house because he was afraid to go in.

4. Beside the house sits a tree.
It never grows leaves
(a) Where does a tree-sit?
(b) What Is strange about the tree?
Answers:
(a) A tree sits beside the house.
(b) The tree never rows leaves. This is strange about the tree.

B. Answer the following in a paragraph.

Question 1.
Where is the house located? Why is it a mysterious place?
Answers:
The house is located on Elm Street. There isn’t any house around it. It stood all alone in an isolated place on Elm Street. Next to the house, is a tree. The tree to is mysterious like the house since no leaves sprout in any of the seasons. It is said to be a mysterious place ’ since no one knows who lives there or what is inside. No one knows what happens inside that house and hence it is very mysterious. It is for sure a big house with vast space inside the house. Generally, at night, the house looks like it is alive with people in it.

Lights are switched on and off. Every day the poetess drives past the house. The house seems to look a bit brighter on a fine warm summer day in the month of May. The very thought of this mysterious house plays with your mind since it is just one house of this kind in the areas known around. Likewise, the tree too is barren during winter, spring, summer and autumn. The poetess says that the tree just stays there and never grows tall nor becomes short. She wonders how a tree could survive without any leaves or without any growth and hence feels it is a mysterious place.
‘The mystery of existence will always remain a mystery and secret.”

(OR)

Poem: The house of Elm Street
Poet: Nadia Bush
Theme: Mystery of the house

The house is located on Elm Street. It is very big. It is there alone. No one knows about the house. At night the lights flicker on and off. Besides the house, there is a leafless tree.

It has no leaves in winter, spring, summer or fall. It is never getting small or growing tall. There are rumours spread about the house. Every day the house begins to fade. No one knows what happened inside the house. The poet wishes to go into the house. But fear overcome her wish. It is a mysterious house.

(OR)

1. The house is in Elm Street.
2. It is there alone.
3. It is big and simple.
4. No one lives there.
5. At night light flickers.
6. There is a tree without leaves.
7. It is never getting small or growing tall.
8. No one knows what happened inside.
9. It is a mysterious house.

Question 2.
How is the mystery depicted in the poem?
Answers:
Introduction:
The poem “The house on Elm Street” tells us about a mysterious house. The house remains a mystery for the poet.

Mystery of the house:
It is a lonely place. It has a lot of space but it is empty. The house looks brighter in the hot summer. The poet doesn’t know what happens inside the house. There is a tree near the house. It never grows leaves. It neither grows tall nor gets smaller. It remains the same.

Poet’s describing theme:
The house begins to fade each day. Rumours are constantly made. But no one knows what happens inside the house. The poet tells that our life in this world is a mystery. We can’t go deep inside to know the purpose or mystery behind our life.

Conclusion:
Thus the poet doesn’t go inside the house. And the house remains a mystery forever.

(OR)

There is a house. It is alone at Elm street. It has plenty of space but remains empty. The lights go on and off at night. The poet is eager to enter the house and see but she is afraid. The house is brighter during the day. There is a tree near the house. It has no leaves. It neither grows tall nor becomes small. It is the same in all seasons. Every day the house begins to fade. The poet does not know what happens there. Thus the house remains a mystery forever.

(OR)

1. The house is lonely,spacious but empty.
2. At night lights go on and off.
3. The poet is afraid of going inside.
4. There is a bare tree near the house.
5. It grows neither tall nor small in all seasons.
6. The rumours spread constantly.
7. Each day the house begins to fade.
8. The poet does not know what happens
9. Thus the house is a mystery forever.

C. Read the poem and write the rhyming words and rhyme scheme for the given stanzas.

Answer:

D. Identify the poetic lines where the following figures of speech are employed and complete the tabular column.

Answer:

The House on Elm Street Summary of the poem

The poem ‘The house on ELM street’ describes a mysterious house and a never growing tree. The poet fears to go inside the house. No one knows, what happened inside the house. It remains to be a mystery. The house begins to fade each day. The house remains to be a mystery always. Besides the house sits a tree which never grows leaves in any season. The poet metaphorically tells that our life ¡n this world is a mystery. We can’t go deep inside to know the purpose of the mystery behind our life.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th Tamil Guide Pdf Chapter 8.3 காணாமல் போன பணப்பை Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th Tamil Solutions Chapter 8.3 காணாமல் போன பணப்பை

மதிப்பீடு

வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்க.

Question 1.
பணப்பையைப் பெற்றுக் கொண்ட வணிகன் என்ன கூறினான்?
Answer:
வணிகன், பணப்பையைப் பெற்றுக் கொண்டு “என் பையில் அதிகப் பணம் இருந்தது. இப்போது பணம் குறைகிறது” என்று பொய் சொன்னான்.

Question 2.
இக்கதையின் மூலம் நீ அறியும் நீதி என்ன?
Answer:
இக்கதையின் மூலம் நான் அறியும் நீதி – ‘நேர்மை நன்மை தரும்.’

Question 3.
இக்கதையில் நீ விரும்பிய கதைமாந்தர் யார்? அவர்ப் பற்றி ஐந்து வரிகளில் எழுதுக.
Answer:

• இக்கதையில் நான் விரும்பிய கதைமாந்தர் மூதாட்டி.
• மூதாட்டி நினைத்திருந்தால் அப்பணப்பையை அவளே எடுத்துக் கொண்டிருக்கலாம்.
  ஆனால் நேர்மையாக சிற்றரசரிடம் ஒப்படைத்துள்ளார்.
• அம்மூதாட்டியின் நேர்மைக்குக் கிடைத்த பரிசுதான் அப்பணப்பை.
• இச்செயலால் எனக்கு இம்மூதாட்டியைப் பிடிக்கும்.\

சிந்தனை வினா.

Question 1.
நீங்கள் அரசராக இருந்தால், இந்தச் சிக்கலுக்கு என்ன முடிவெடுப்பீர்கள்?
Answer:
நான் அரசராக இருந்தால் அவர் செய்தபடியே அப்பணத்தை மூதாட்டியிடம் ஒப்படைத்து விடுவேன். மேலும், அவ்வணிகரை ஒரு மாதத்திற்கு அரண்மனையிலும் அரசாங்க நிலத்திலும் ஊதியமின்றிப் பணி செய்ய வேண்டும் என கட்டளையிடுவேன்.

கற்பவை கற்றபின்

Question 1.
நேர்மையால் ஒருவர் உயர்வதாக ஒரு பக்க அளவில் கதை எழுதுக.
Answer:
மன்னன் ஒருவன் தன் நாட்டு மக்கள் நேர்மையாக வாழ்கின்றனரா என்று அறிய விரும்பினான். அதனால் அரசுப் பணியாளரிடம் இரண்டு ரொட்டித் துண்டுகளைக் கொடுத்து இரண்டு பேரிடம் கொடுக்கச் சொன்னார். ஒரு ரொட்டியில் வைரக்கற்களை உள்ளே வைத்தும் ஒரு ரொட்டித் துண்டில் ஒன்றும் வைக்காமலும் கொடுத்து விட்டார்.

அரசுப் பணியாளர் அரண்மனையை விட்டு வெளியே சென்று வைரக்கற்கள் உள்ள ரொட்டியைச் சாது ஒருவரிடமும் சாதாரண ரொட்டியைப் பிச்சைக்காரரிடமும் கொடுத்தான்.

மன்னர் அதைப் பார்த்துக்கொண்டே இருந்தார். சாது ரொட்டியை வாங்கிப் பார்த்தார். பெரியதாகவும் கரடுமுரடாகவும் இருந்தால் அது வேகவில்லை என எண்ணி அதனைப் பிச்சைக்காரரிடம் கொடுத்துவிட்டுப் பிச்சைக்காரரிடம் இருந்த ரொட்டியை அவர் வாங்கிக் கொண்டும் சென்று விட்டார்.

சாது வீட்டுக்குச் சென்றார். தாடியை அகற்றி விட்டு ரொட்டியைச் சாப்பிட்டுவிட்டு மீண்டும் தாடியைப் பொருத்திக் கொண்டார். வெளியே சென்றுவிட்டார். பிச்சைக்காரர் வீட்டிற்குச் சென்றார். தன் மனைவியுடன் ரொட்டியைப் பகிர்ந்து உண்பதற்காக எடுத்தார்.

அதற்குள் விலையுயர்ந்த வைரக் கற்களைப் பார்த்ததும் அதனை அரசுப் பணியாளரிடம் கொடுக்க 5 முன் வந்தார். மனைவியோ தானே வைத்துக் கொள்ளலாம் என்று கூறினாள். அவர் அவளுடைய பேச்சைக் கேட்காமல் அரண்மனைக்கு எடுத்துச் சென்றார்.

மன்னரிடம் நடந்தவற்றைக் கூறினான். மன்னன் அவனுடைய நேர்மையைப் பாராட்டி E அவர் கொண்டு வந்த வைரத்தை அவனுக்கே திருப்பிக் கொடுத்தார். பிச்சைக்காரரும் – தனது நேர்மைக்குக் கிடைத்த பரிசாக எண்ணி வாங்கிக் கொண்டார். கொஞ்சம் வைரத்தை : விற்றுப் புதிய தொழில் தொடங்கி வாழ்வில் முன்னேறினார்.

நீதி : நேர்மைக்கு கிடைத்த பரிசு

Question 2.
‘காணாமல் போன பணப்பை’ – இக்கதையை நாடகமாக நடித்துக் காட்டுக.
Answer:
மாணவர்கள் தாங்களாகவே செய்ய வேண்டியவை.

Question 3.
‘காணாமல் போன பணப்பை’ – கதையை உரையாடல் வடிவில் எழுதுக.
Answer:
காணாமல் போன பணப்பை
(வணிகன் ஒருவன் தன்னிடமிருந்த ஆடுகளை விற்று, பணத்துடன் தன் ஊருக்குத் திரும்பினான். “இப்பணத்தில் ஆடுகள் வாங்கி விற்றால் லாபம் கிடைக்கும். நான் பெரும் பணக்காரன் ஆவேன்” எனக் கற்பனை செய்தவாறு தன் கையில் இருந்து பணப்பையை நழுவ விட்டான். மறுநாள் சிற்றரசனிடம் சென்று முறையிட்டான்.)

வணிகன் : அரசே! என் பணப்பையை வரும் வழியில் தொலைத்து விட்டேன். அதை எடுத்தவர்கள் திருப்பிக் கொடுத்தால் நாற்பது பணம் சன்மானமாகக் கொடுத்து விடுகிறேன். அருள் கூர்ந்து இதை ஊர் மக்களுக்கு அறிவிக்க வேண்டுகிறேன்.

அரசன் : அவ்வாறே ஆகட்டும்!
முரசு அறைந்து நாட்டு மக்களுக்கு அறிவித்தான்.)
(மூன்று நாட்களுக்குப் பிறகு)

மூதாட்டி : அரசே! இப்பணப்பையை நான் சென்ற வழியில் பார்த்தேன். இதைப் பிடித்துக் கொள்ளுங்கள்.
சிற்றரசன் : உங்கள் நேர்மையையும், நாணயத்தையும் கண்டு மெச்சுகிறேன்.
சிற்றரசன் : (வணிகரிடம்) மூதாட்டிக்கு தக்க வெகுமதியை கொடுத்துவிடு.

வணிகன் : (பணத்தை எண்ணிப் பார்த்தான். சன்மானம் அளிக்க மனமில்லை இப்பையில் அதிகப் பணம் இருந்தது. இப்போது பணம் குறைகிறது.

சிற்றரசன் : (வணிகருக்கு நல்ல பாடம் கற்பிக்க நினைத்தான்) “வணிகனே! உன்பையில் இப்போது இருப்பதைக் காட்டிலும் அதிகமாகப் பணம் இருந்தது இல்லையா? எனவே, இது உன் பை இல்லை, வேறு யாருடையதோ தெரியவில்லை. பணத்திற்குச் சொந்தக்காரன் வந்து கேட்கும்வரை என்னிடமே இருக்கட்டும். நீ இவ்விடத்தைவிட்டுப் போகலாம்.

சிற்றரசன் : பணத்தை வைத்திருப்பவன் மட்டுமே பணக்காரன் அல்லன்; சொன்ன சொல்லை மறவாது மற்றவர்க்குப் பெருந்தன்மையுடன் கொடுக்கும் உள்ளம் படைத்தவனே பணக்காரன்.

(மூதாட்டியின் நேர்மையைப் பாராட்டிப் பணப்பையை அவருக்கே பரிசாகக் கொடுத்துவிட்டார்.)
(வணிகன் பணத்தையும் இழந்தான். மற்றவர்களின் கேலிப்பேச்சுக்கு ஆளானான்.)

கூடுதல் வினாக்கள்

நிரப்புக .

1. பணப்பையை நழுவ விட்டவன்
Answer:
வணிகன்

2. நேர்மையுற்றவனாய் இருந்தவன் …………………..
Answer:
வணிகன்

3. நேர்மையுடன் பணப்பையைக் கொண்டு வந்தவர் …………………………
Answer:
மூதாட்டி

4. வணிகன் நேர்மையற்றவனாய் இருந்ததனால் மற்றவர்களுடைய ……………….., ……………………..ஆளானான்.
Answer:
இகழ்ச்சிக்கும், கேலிப்பேச்சுக்கும்

விடையளி :

Question 1.
வணிகன் பணப்பையை நழுவ விட்டதற்கான காரணம் என்ன?
Answer:
வணிகன் ஆடுகளை விற்ற பணத்தை எடுத்துக் கொண்டு வரும்போது அளவுக்கு மிஞ்சிய கனவில் மிதந்துகொண்டே நடந்தான். இந்தப் பணத்தில் நிறைய ஆடுகள் வாங்கி விற்று பெரும் பணக்காரன் ஆக வேண்டும் என்று கற்பனை செய்து கொண்டே அவனையும் அறியாமல் தான் வைத்திருந்த பணப்பையை நழுவவிட்டான்.

Question 2.
வணிகன் சிற்றரசனிடம் என்னவென்று முறையிட்டான்?
Answer:
“அரசே! என் பணப்பையை வரும் வழியில் தொலைத்துவிட்டேன். அதை எடுத்தவர்கள் திருப்பிக் கொடுத்தால் நாற்பது பணம் சன்மானமாகக் கொடுத்து விடுகிறேன். அருள் கூர்ந்து இதை ஊர் மக்களுக்கு அறிவிக்க வேண்டுகிறேன்” என்று வணிகன் சிற்றரசனிடம் முறையிட்டான்.

Question 3.
வணிகனுக்குச் சிற்றரசன் எவ்வாறு பாடம் கற்பித்தார்?
Answer:
வணிகன் பணம் குறைகிறது என்று பொய் சொன்னதை அறிந்து கொண்ட அரசன், “வணிகனே உன் பையில் இப்போது இருப்பதைக் காட்டிலும் அதிகமாகப் பணம் இருந்தது இல்லையா? எனவே, இது உன் பை இல்லை; வேறு யாருடையதோ தெரியவில்லை. பணத்திற்குச் சொந்தக்காரன் வந்து கேட்கும் வரை என்னிடமே இருக்கட்டும். நீ இவ்விடத்தைவிட்டுப் போகலாம்” என ஆணையிட்டார்.

Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus Samacheer Kalvi 5th Tamil Guide Pdf Chapter 8.2 நீதியை நிலைநாட்டிய சிலம்பு Text Book Back Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 5th Tamil Solutions Chapter 8.2 நீதியை நிலைநாட்டிய சிலம்பு

மதிப்பீடு 

படிப்போம்! சிந்திப்போம்!

அ. எழுதுவோம்! சரியான சொல்லைத் தெரிவு செய்து எழுதுக.

Question 1.
புறாவிற்காகத் தன் உடலையே தந்த மன்னன் ………….
அ) மனுநீதிச்சோழன்
ஆ) பாண்டியன்
இ) சிபி மன்ன ன்
ஈ) அதியமான்
Answer:
இ) சிபி மன்னன்

Question 2.
கண்ண கியின் சிலம்பு …………….. ஆல் ஆனது.
அ) முத்து
ஆ) மாணிக்கம்
இ) பவளம்
ஈ) மரகதம்
Answer:
ஆ) மாணிக்கம்

Question 3.
அறநெறி – இச்சொல்லைப் பிரித்து எழுதக் கிடைப்பது ……………….
அ) அறி + நெறி
ஆ) அற + நெறி
இ) அறம் + நெறி
ஈ) அறு + நெறி
Answer:
இ) அறம் + நெறி

Question 4.
கால் + சிலம்பு – இச்சொற்களைச் சேர்த்து எழுதக் கிடைப்பது …………..
அ) காற்சிலம்பு
ஆ) கால்சிலம்பு
இ) கற்சிலம்பு
ஈ) கல்சிலம்பு
Answer:
அ) காற்சிலம்பு

Question 5.
தண்டித்தல் – இச்சொல்லின் பொருள் ………..
அ) புகழ்தல்
ஆ) நடித்தல்
இ) வழங்குவதல்
ஈ) ஒறுத்தல்
Answer:
ஈ) ஒறுத்தல்

ஆ. கீழ்க்காணும் சொற்களைச் சேர்த்து எழுதுக.
1. அ + ஊர் = ……………………….
2. தகுதி + உடைய = ……………………….
Answer:
1. அ + ஊர் = அவ்வூர்
2. தகுதி + உடைய = தகுதியுடைய

இ. கீழ்க்காணும் சொற்களைப் பிரித்து எழுதுக.
1. கள்வனல்லன் = ………………………. + ……………………….
2. செங்கோல் – = ………………………. + ……………………….
Answer:
1. கள்வனல்லன் = கள்வன் + அல்லன்
2. செங்கோல் – = செம்மை + கோல்

ஈ. வினாக்களுக்கு விடையளிக்க.

Question 1.
கண்ணகிக்கு ஏற்பட்ட துன்பம் யாது?
Answer:
கண்ணகியின் கணவனான கோவலன் பாண்டிய மன்னனால் தவறான தீர்ப்பளிக்கப்பட்டு கொல்லப்பட்டான். இதுவே கண்ணகிக்கு ஏற்பட்ட துன்பம் ஆகும்.

Question 2.
புகார் நகரின் சிறப்புகள் யாவை?
Answer:
ஒரு புறாவுக்காக தன் உடலையே தந்த சிபி மன்னனும், பசுவிற்கு நீதி வழங்குவதற்காக, தன் மகனைத் தேர்காலில் இட்டுக் கொன்ற மனுநீதிச் சோழனும் வாழ்ந்த சிறப்புக்குரியது புகார் நகரம்.

Question 3.
பாண்டிய மன்னனின் வெண்கொற்றக் குடை வீழக் காரணமென்ன?
Answer:
பொற்கொல்லன் கூறியதைக் கேட்டு ஆராயாமல் கோவலனுக்குத் தண்டனை அளித்தான் பாண்டிய மன்னன். ஆதலால் அவனுடைய வெண்கொற்றக்குடை வீழ்ந்தது.

உ. சிந்தனை வினாக்கள்.

எப்பொருள் யார்யார்வாய்க் கேட்பினும் அப்பொருள்
மெய்ப்பொருள் காண்பது அறிவு. – இந்தக் குறள் கருத்து யாருக்குப் பொருந்தும்?
கண்ணகிக்காக? பாண்டிய மன்னருக்கா? சிந்தித்து விடை தருக.
Answer:
இந்தக் குறள் பாண்டிய மன்னருக்குப் பொருந்தும்.

• பாண்டிய மன்னன் பொற்கொல்லன் கூறிய பொய்யை உண்மை என நம்பி ஆராய்ந்து முடிவெடுக்கவில்லை.
• பிறர் சொல் கேட்டுப் பிழை செய்து விட்டான்.
• ஆட்சிப் பொறுப்பில் மன்னன் இருதரப்பினரின் கருத்துகளுக்கும் மதிப்பளிக்க வேண்டும். தீர விசாரிக்காமல் தீர்ப்பளித்துவிட்டான். ஆகையால் இக்குறள் பாண்டிய மன்னருக்கே பொருந்தும்.

கற்பவை கற்றபின்

Question 1.
நீதிநெறி தொடர்புள்ள கதை அல்லது உண்மை நிகழ்வுகள் பற்றிய செய்திகளைக் கூறி வகுப்பறையில் கலந்துரையாடுக.
Answer:
ஆசிரியர் : வணக்கம் மாணவர்களே! நீங்கள் படித்த நீதிக்கதைகள் பற்றி பேசுங்கள்.
மாலா : அனைவருக்கும் வணக்கம்! நான் நேற்று நூலகத்தில் மரியாதை ராமன் கதையைப் படித்தேன். மிகவும் நன்றாக இருந்தது. மரியாதைராமன் வசித்த ஊரில் சோமன் என்பவர் இருந்தார். அவர் மிகவும் பொல்லாதவர். தன்னிடம் வேலை செய்பவர்களுக்குச் சரியான கூலி கொடுக்கமாட்டார்.

அவர் ஒருமுறை தன்னுடைய பணப்பையைத் அவர் தவறவிட்டுவிட்டார். அந்த பணப்பையைக் கண்டுபிடித்துக் கொடுப்பவர்களுக்குச் சன்மானம் தருவதாகக் கூறினார். ஒரு வாரத்திற்குப் பிறகு பூபாலன் என்பவரின் கையில் அப்பணப்பை கிடைத்தது. அப்பணப்பை சோமனுடையது என்று அறிந்து அவனிடம் கொண்டு சென்று கொடுத்தார். ஆனால் அவன் பணம் மட்டும் இருப்பதாகவும் வைர மோதிரம் இல்லையென்றும் கூறினான்.

சன்மானம் கொடுக்க மனமில்லாததால் பொய் கூறுகிறான் என்பதை அறிந்த ஊர் மக்கள் மரியாதைராமனிடம் சென்றனர். மரியதைராமன் நடந்தவற்றைக் கேட்டு அறிந்து, “பையில் வைரமோதிரம் இல்லாததால் அது சோமனுடைய பை இல்லை என்றும் பணப்பையைத் தொலைத்ததாக வேறு யாரும் கூறவில்லை என்பதாலும் இப்பையைப் பூபாலனுக்குக் கொடுத்துவிடலாம்” எனத் தீர்ப்பு கூறினார். ஏமாற்ற நினைத்த சோமன் ஏமாந்து போனான். நல்லது செய்ய நினைத்த
பூபாலன் நன்மையடைந்தான்.

நிலா : நான் தெனாலிராமன் கதைகளுள் ‘நீர் இறைத்த திருடர்கள்’ என்ற
கதையைப் படித்தேன். அதில் தெனாலிராமனின் கிணற்றில் நீர் மிகவும் ஆழத்தில் இருந்தது. தண்ணீர் இறைப்பது அவனுக்குக் கொஞ்சம் சிரமமாக இருந்தது. ஒருநாள் இரவு நான்கு திருடர்கள் அவனுடைய தோட்டத்தில் ஒளிந்திருப்பதைக் கண்டான். தன் மனைவியிடம் வீட்டில் உள்ள நகைகளைப் பெட்டியில் போட்டு எடுத்து வரும்படிக் கூறினான்.

“அவற்றைக் கிணற்றில் போட்டு விடலாம். இப்போது வறுமை நீடிப்பதால் திருடர்கள் பயம் அதிகமாக உள்ளது” என்று கூறினான். அதில் கல், மண் போன்றவற்றை வைக்கும்படி மனைவியிடம் சைகை செய்தான். அவ்வாறே பெட்டியைக் கிணற்றில் போட்டுவிட்டு உள்ளே சென்றனர். திருடர்கள் தங்கள் வேலை எளிமையாகிவிட்டது என எண்ணி கிணற்றில் இருந்து தண்ணீரை இறைத்து ஊற்றிய படியே இருந்தனர்.

பொழுதும் விடிந்தது. அவர்கள் மறுநாள் பார்த்துக் கொள்ளலாம் என்று கூறிவிட்டுச் செல்லும்போது, தெனாலிராமன் அங்கு வந்து இரண்டு நாட்கள் கழித்து வரும்படிக் கூறினான். “இன்று இறைத்த நீர் இரண்டு நாட்களுக்குப் போதுமானது” என்று கூறினான். இதனைக் கேட்ட திருடர்கள் தெனாலிராமன் புத்திசாலித்தனமாக தங்களை வேலை வாங்கியதை எண்ணியும், கொஞ்சம் தயங்கினாலும் தாங்கள் மாட்டிக் கொள்வோம் என்றும் பயந்து ஓடினர்.

மாலா : இதுபோல நீதிக்கதைகள் நம்மைப் போன்ற மாணவர்களுக்கு ஒரு நல்ல வழிகாட்டியாய் இருக்கின்றன.

நீலா : சரியாகச் சொன்னாய் மாலா. நான் தெனாலிராமன் கதைகள், அக்பர் பீர்பால் கதைகளைப் படித்தேன். இக்கதைகளும் நமக்கு நீதியைப் புகட்டுகின்றன. தெனாலிராமனின் அறிவுக்கூர்மையும் பீர்பாலின் புத்திக் கூர்மையும் நமக்குச் சிறந்த எடுத்துக்காட்டுகளாகும்.

ஆசிரியர் : மாலா, நீலாவைப் போல் மற்றவர்களும் நூலகம் செல்லும்போது நீதிக்கதையைப் படித்து பயனடையுங்கள். வேறு யாராவது பேச விரும்புகிறீர்களா!

கலா : நான்கூட இதுபோன்ற கதைகளை என் தாத்தா பாட்டியிடம் கேட்டிருக்கிறேன். என்னுடைய தாத்தா நேரம் இருக்கும் போதெல்லாம் ! என்னைப் பூங்காவிற்கு அழைத்துச் செல்வார். அப்போது நிறைய கதைகளைக் கூறியுள்ளார். இவர்கள் படித்துப் பெற்ற அனுபவத்தைக் கேட்டுப் பெற்றிருக்கிறேன்.

ஆசிரியர் : நன்று. தாத்தா பாட்டி இருவரும் நடமாடும் நூலகங்கள், அவர்களுடைய அனுபவமே ஒரு புத்தகம்தான். நாளைய வகுப்பில் தொடரலாம்.

கூடுதல் வினாக்கள்

நிரப்புக.

1. பசுவிற்கு நீதி வழங்க தன் மகனைத் தேர்க்காலில் இட்டவர்
Answer:
மனுநீதிச்சோழன்

2. கண்ண கி …………. மனைவி.
Answer:
கோவலனின்

3. பழியில்லாச் சிறப்பினையுடைய புகழ்மிக்கவன் …………. .
Answer:
மாசாத்துவான்

4. புகார் நகரில் வாழ்ந்த மன்னர்கள்………………..
Answer:
சோழ மன்னர்கள்

5. பழிச்சொல்லுக்கு அஞ்சி உயிர் நீத்தவர் …………..
Answer:
பாண்டிய மன்னன் நெடுஞ்செழியன்

விடையளி :

Question 1.
கண்ணகி அரண்மனை வாயிலின் முன் எவ்வாறு நின்றாள்?
Answer:
கண்ணகி, அழுத கண்களோடும் தலைவிரி கோலத்துடனும் அரண்மனை வாயிலின் முன் நின்றாள்.

Question 2.
புகார் நகரில் வாழ்ந்த மன்னர்களாக கண்ணகி குறிப்பிட்டவர் யாவர்?
Answer:
(i) உலகம் வியக்கும் வண்ணம் ஒரு புறாவுக்காக தன் உடலையே தந்த சிபி மன்னன்.

(ii) பார் போற்றும் பசுவை மக்கள் தெய்வமென வணங்க அதன் கன்றைத் தேர்க்காலிலிட்டுக் கொன்ற தன் மகனையும் அதே தேர்க்காலிலிட்டுக் கொன்றவன் மனுநீதிசோழன் ஆகிய இருமன்னர்களும் புகார் நகரில் வாழ்ந்தவர்கள் என்று கண்ண கி குறிப்பிடுகிறாள்.

Question 3.
தாம் செய்தது பிழை என்றறிந்த பாண்டிய மன்னனின் செயல் யாது?
Answer:
“ஆ! தவறிழைத்து விட்டேனே! பிறர் சொல் கேட்டுப் பெரும்பிழை செய்தேனே! யானோ அரசன், யானே கள்வன். இதுவரை என் குலத்தில் எவரும் செய்யாத பழிச் சொல்லுக்கு ஆளாகிவிட்டேனே! இனிமேலும் யான் உயிரோடு இருத்தல் தகுமோ? இனி எனக்கு வெண்கொற்றக்குடை எதற்கு? செங்கோல்தான் எதற்கு? என் வாழ்நாள் இன்றோடு முடிவதாக!” என்று கூறிவிட்டு, பழிச் சொல்லுக்கு அஞ்சி, அரியணையிலிருந்து தரைமீது வீழ்ந்து தன் உயிரை இழந்தார்.

Question 4.
கோவலன் கள்வனல்லன் என்பதைக் கண்ணகி எவ்வாறு நிரூபித்தாள்?
Answer:
“என் கணவன் கள்வனல்லன் அவனிடம் இருந்த சிலம்பும் அரசிக்குரிய சிலம்பன்று; அதன் இணைச் சிலம்பு இதோ என்னிடம் உள்ளது. என் கால்சிலம்பின் பரல் மாணிக்கக் கற்களால் ஆனது” என்று கூறியதும் மன்னன் “ அரசிக்குரிய சிலம்பின் பரல் முத்துகளால் ஆனது” என்று கூறிவிட்டு கோவலனிடமிருந்து பெற்ற சிலம்பைக் கொண்டு வரும்படி கட்டளையிட்டான்.

கண்ணகி அச்சிலம்பை எடுத்துத் தரையில் போட்டு உடைத்தாள். அச்சிலம்பில் மாணிக்கப் பரல்கள் இருந்தன. இதைக் கண்டதும் மன்னன் தன் தவற்றை உணர்ந்தான். இவ்வாறு கண்ணகி, கோவலன் கள்வனல்ல என்பதனை நிரூபித்தாள்.