Prasanna

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Geography Solutions Term 2 Chapter 1 Resources

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Resources Text Book Back Questions and Answers

A. Match the following

B. Fill in the blanks

1. Sugarcane is processed to make ……………..
2. Conservation of resources is …………….. use of resources.
3. Resources which are confined to certain regions are called ……………..
4. …………….. resources are being used in the present.
5. …………….. resources are the most valuable resources.
6. Collection of resources directly from nature is called ……………..

Answer:

1. Sugar
2. Careful
3. Localized resources
4. Actual
5. Commercial
6. Primary activities

C. Write short notes on the following

Question 1.
Renewable resources
Answer:
After consumption, resources can be renewed with the period of time is called renewable resources.
Example: Air, Water, Sunlight

Question 2.
Human resources.

1. Human resources are groups of individuals who use nature to create more resources.
2. Though human beings are basically natural resources, we classify human beings separately.

Question 3.
Individual resources.
Answer:

1. Individual resources are resources privately owned by individuals.
2. Example: Apartments

Question 4.
Tertiary activities.
Answer:
Tertiary activities are basically concerned with the distribution of primary and secondary products through a system of transport and trade.
(e.g.) Banking, Trade, and Communications.

D. Give brief answers for the following

Question 1.
What are the resources?
Answer:

1. The resource is anything that fulfills human needs. When anything is of some use it becomes valuable.
2. All resources have value.
3. The value can be either commercial or non-commercial.

Question 2.
What are the actual resources?
Answer:
Actual resources are resources that are being used and the quantity available is known, (eg) Coal mining at Neyveli Lignite Corporation.

Question 3.
Define abiotic resources.
Answer:
Abiotic resources are non-living things. Land, Water, Air, and Minerals are abiotic resources.

Question 4.
What is sustainable development?
Answer:

1. Development is necessary without affecting the needs of future generations.
2. If the present needs of resources are met and the conserving of resources for the future is balanced, we call it sustainable development.

E. Give short answers to the following questions

Question 1.
Differentiate universal and localized resources.
Answer:
Universal Resources

1. Universal resources are present everywhere.
2. Eg. Sunlight and air

Localized Resources

1. Localized resources are present in specific regions.
2. Eg. Minerals

Question 2.
Though human beings are natural resources, why are they classified separately?
Answer:

1. Though human beings are basically natural resources, we classify human beings separately.
2. Education, health, knowledge, and skill have made them valuable resources. Eg. Doctors, Scientists, and Teachers

Question 3.
Compare National and International Resources.
Answer:
National resources

1. National resources are resources within the political boundaries and oceanic areas of a country.
2. Eg. Tropical Forest Region of India

International resources

1. International resources are all oceanic resources found in the open ocean. Resources found in the region can be utilized only after an international agreement.
2. Eg. Ambergris.

Question 4.
What is the difference between man-made resources and human resources?
Answer:
Man-made resources

1. Natural resources are modified or processed by technology into man-made resources.
2. Eg. Sugarcane processed to get Sugar
3. All structures built by man can also be called man-made resources.
4. Eg. Bridges, Houses, Road.

Human Resources

1. Human resources are groups of individuals who use nature to create more resources.
2. Through human beings are basically natural resources, we classify human beings separately.
3. Education health knowledge and skill have made them a valuable resource.
4. Eg. Doctors, Teachers, Scientists.

Question 5.
Write the Gandhian thought on conservation of resources.
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi blamed “human beings” for the depletion of resources because of

1. overexploitation of resources
2. Unlimited needs of human beings. So, conservation is very important.

F. Give detailed answers to the following questions. (100 – 120 words)

Question 1.
How are natural resources classified? Explain any three with examples.
Answer:
Natural resources are classified according to theirs.

1. Origin
2. Development
3. Renewability
4. Distribution
5. Ownership

Question I.
On the basis of origin – Biotic Resources and Abiotic Resources
Answer:

1. All living resources are Biotic resources. Example: Plants, Animals, Microorganisms.
2. Non-living resources are abiotic resources. Example: Land, Water, Air, Minerals

Question II.
On the basis of development – Actual Resources and Potential Resources
Answer:

1. The resources that are being used at present are Actual resources. The quantity is known. Example: Coal at Neyveli.
2. The resources that are not utilized at present are potential resources. The quantity and location are not known.
3. Example: Marine yeast (in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea)

Question III.
On the basis of Renewability – Renewable Resources and Non – renewable Resouces?
Answer:

1. After consumption, resources can be renewed with the period of time is called renewable resources. Example: Air, Water, Sun Light
2. Natural resources that have limited stock are non – renewable resources. Example: Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas, Minerals

Question 2.
How can resources be conserved?
Answer:

1. Careful use of resources is the conservation of resources.
2. Due to the rapid increase in population the resources are being utilized at a very fast rate.
3. To avoid this we need sustainable development. Sustainable development can take place when
   1. • Wastage and excess consumption is prevented
      • Reusable resources are recycled
      • Pollution is prevented
      • Environment is protected
      • Natural vegetation and wildlife are preserved.
4. The easiest way to conserve resources is to follow the “3R”s: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle.

Question 3.
What is resource planning and why is it necessary?
Answer:

1. The technique or skill of proper utilization of resources is Resource Planning. Resource Planning is necessary because
2. Resources are limited and we have to use them properly. Also, we have to save the resources for our future generation.
3. Resources are unevenly distributed over the different parts of the world.
4. It is also essential for the production of resources to protect them from overexploitation.

Question 4.
Explain Primary secondary and tertiary activities.
resources, (eg.) Sunlight and air.

(a) Primary Activities

1. They are concerned with the production of raw materials for foodstuff and industrial use.
2. Primary activities include agriculture, cattle rearing, fishing, mining, collection of fruits, nuts, honey, rubber, resin, and medical herbs, etc.

(b) Secondary Activities

1. The raw materials obtained from the primary activities are converted into finished products through machinery on a large scale.
2. These activities are called secondary activities.

(c) Tertiary activities:

1. Tertiary activities are basically concerned with the distribution of primary and secondary products through a system of transport and trade.
2. (Eg): Banking, Trade, and communication.

G. Statements and inferences

Question 1.
Statement: Solar energy is the best substitute for thermal energy in tropical regions.
Inference 1: Coal and petroleum resources are receding.
Inference 2: Solar energy will never deplete.
Now choose the right answer.
(a) Only conclusion 1 follows
(b) Only conclusion 2 follows
(c) Neither 1 nor 2 follows
(d) Both 1 and 2 follow
Answer:
(d) Both 1 and 2 follow

Question 2.
Statement : If you don’t conserve resources, the human race may become extinct.
Inference 1 : You need not conserve resources.
Inference 2 : You need to conserve resources.
Now choose the right answer.
a) Only conclusion 1 follows.
b) Only conclusion 2 follows,
c) Neither 1 nor 2 follows.
d) Both 1 and 2 follow.
Answer:
(b) Only conclusion 2 follows

Question 3.
Statement : Man switched over to agriculture.
Inference 1 : Food gatherers experienced scarcity of food.
Inference 2 : Food gathered was not nutritious.
Now choose the right answer.
(a) Only conclusion 1 follows
(b) Only conclusion 2 follows
(c) Neither 1 nor 2 follows
(d) Both 1 and 2 follow
Answer:
(a) Only conclusion 1 follows

H. Given are three suggestions to conserve resources: Write the 3Rs in suitable places.

1. Giving your childhood cycle to your neighbour
2. Using a flush that consumes less water
3. Melting used plastic to lay roads

Answer:

1. Reuse
2. Reduce
3. Recycle

I. Cross word puzzle

Across left to right:

1. A development that balances time
2. Energy from the sun
3. All resources that belong to a country

Down:

1. A resource found everywhere
2. An international resource
3. A resource provided by nature
4. A resource restricted to specific areas

Across right to left:

1.  One of the 3Rs

Answer:
Across left to right :

1. SUSTAINABLE
2. SOLAR
3. NATIONAL

Down:

1. UNIVERSAL
2. AMBERGRIS
3. NATURAL
4. LOCALIZED

Across right to left:

1. REUSE

K. Identify the different economic activities and fill the table given below

L . Teacher’s Activities

1. Observe “Save Energy Day” Once a month at school/class level
2. Try making wall hangings with waste materials to decorate your school corridors.
3. Find out if there are any industries near your school. A field trip may be arranged.
4. Collect pictures based on
   • Fishing
   • Hunting
   • Food – gathering
   • Forestry
   • Mining
   • Agriculture
   • Cattle – rearing
   • Lumbering

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Resources Additional Important Questions and Answers

A. Fill in the blanks Answer

1. ……………… are two important factors that determine Time and Technology whether a substance is a resource or not.
2. All resources that have been directly provided by Natural resources nature are called ………………
3. Man mined precious metals simultaneously for making ………………
4. The non – renewable resources become ……………… after use and the time they take to replace does not match the life cycle.
5. Ambergris is used in ……………… industries.
6. Marine yeast has greater potential than ……………… yeast.

Answer:

1. Time and Technology
2. Natural resources
3. ornaments
4. exhausted
5. perfume
6. terrestrial

B. Write short notes on the following

Question 1.
Non – renewable resources.
Answer:

1. Natural resources that have limited stock are non – renewable resources.
2. Example: Goal, Petroleum

Question 2.
Community-owned Resources.
Answer:

1. Community-owned resources are resources which can be utilised by all the members of the community.
2. Eg. Public Parks.

Question 3.
World’s largest Pharmacy.
Answer:

1. Tropical rain forests are called the world’s largest pharmacy.
2. 25% of the natural vegetation are medicinal plants. Example: Cinchona.

C. Give brief answers for the following

Question 1.
How can natural resources be classified depending on?
Answer:

1. Origin
2. Development
3. Renewability
4. Distribution
5. Ownership

Question 2.
What is an abiotic resource?
Answer:

1. Abiotic resources are non-living things.
2. Land, Water, Air, and minerals are abiotic resources.

D. Mind Map

Students can Download Tamil Nadu 12th Computer Science Model Question Paper 4 English Medium Pdf, Tamil Nadu 12th Computer Science Model Question Papers helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus, helps students complete homework assignments and to score high marks in board exams.

TN State Board 12th Computer Sceince Model Question Paper 4 English Medium

General Instructions:

1. The question paper comprises of four parts.
2. You are to attempt all the parts. An internal choice of questions is provided wherever applicable.
3. All questions of Part I, II, III and IV are to be attempted separately.
4. Question numbers 1 to 15 in Part I are Multiple Choice Questions of one mark each.
   These are to be answered by choosing the most suitable answer from the given four alternatives and writing the option code and the corresponding answer
5. Question numbers 16 to 24 in Part II are two-mark questions. These are to be answered in about one or two sentences.
6. Question numbers 25 to 33 in Part III are three-mark questions. These are to be answered in about three to five short sentences.
7. Question numbers 34 to 38 in Part IV are five-mark questions. These are to be answered in detail Draw diagrams wherever necessary.

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 70

PART – 1

Choose the correct answer. Answer all the questions: [15 × 1 = 15]

Question 1.
Why is the function random( ) is a impure function?
(a) It gives different outputs for same function call
(b) It gives different outputs when 0 is given
(c) It will not give different output
Answer:
(a) It gives different outputs for same function call

Question 2.
The process of subdividing a computer program into separate sub-programs is called ……………….
(a) Procedural Programming
(b) Modular programming
(c) Event Driven Programming
(d) Object oriented Programming
Answer:
(b) Modular programming

Question 3.
If a problem can be broken into subproblems which are reused several times, the problem possesses which property?
(a) Overlapping subproblems
(b) Optimal substructure
(c) Memoization
(d) Greedy
Answer:
(a) Overlapping subproblems

Question 4.
Ox represents ………………. integer.
(a) Binary
(b) Hexadecimal
(c) Decimal
(d) Octal
Answer:
(b) Hexadecimal

Question 5.
Which amongst this is not a Jump Statement?
(a) For
(b) Goto
(c) Continue
(d) Break
Answer:
(a) For

Question 6.
Which is the optional part in range?
(a) Start
(b) Stop
(c) Step
(d) Iner
Answer:
(c) Step

Question 7.
Which function is used to change all occurances of a particular character in a string?
(a) Replace ( )
(b) Change ( )
(c) Edit ( )
(d) Append( )
Answer:
(a) Replace ( )

Question 8.
The default value of stride is …………………
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) n
(d) n-1
Answer:
(b) 1

Question 9.
The mixed collection of elements are called ………………
(a) List
(b) Tuples
(c) Sets
(d) Dictionary
Answer:
(d) Dictionary

Question 10.
Class members are accessed through ……………. operators
(a) &
(b) .
(c) #
(d) %
Answer:
(b) .

Question 11.
Find the wrong pair.
(a) Union U
(b) Project π
(c) Select σ
(d) Cartesian product P
Answer:
(d) Cartesian product P

Question 12.
The update command specifies the rows to be changed using …………………
(a) Where
(b) Why
(c) What
(d) How
Answer:
(a) Where

Question 13.
In open command, file name can be represented in ………………..
(a) ” ”
(b) ‘ ‘
(c) $
(d) both (a) & (b)
Answer:
(d) both (a) & (b)

Question 14.
Which command of OS module executes the exe files?
(a) Run
(b) System ( )
(c) Main
(d) Name
Answer:
(b) System ( )

Question 15.
The SQL commands have to be defined with ………………… quotes.
(a) Single
(b) Double
(c) Triple
(d) No quote
Answer:
(c) Triple

PART – II

Answer any six questions. Question No. 21 is compulsory. [6 × 2 = 12]

Question 16.
Write the inference you get from X:=78 ?
Answer:
Value 78 being bound to the name X.

Question 17.
Write note on Definitions?
Answer:
Definitions bind values to names, Definitions are not expressions, Definitions are distinct syntactic blocks. Definitions can have expressions nested inside them, and vice-versa.

Question 18.
What is a Pair? Give an example?
Answer:
Pair is a compound structure which is made up of list or Tuple. lst[(0, 10), (1,20)] -where

Any way of bundling two values together into one can be considered as a pair. Lists are a common method to do so. Therefore List can be called as Pairs.

Question 19.
Define fixed part in the space complexity?
Answer:
A fixed part is defined as the total space required to store certain data and variables for an algorithm. For example, simple variables and constants used in an algorithm.

Question 20.
Name the different types of alternative statements in Python?
Answer:
Python provides the following types of alternative or branching statements:

1. Simple if statement
2. if..else statement
3. if.elif statement

Question 21.
Find output:

1. abs (-25 + 12.0)
2. abs (-3.2).

Answer:
Output:

1. 13
2. 3.2

Question 22.
Give the syntax for passing parameters in functions?
Answer:
Parameters or arguments can be passed to functions.
Syntax:
def function_name (parameters) separated by comma):

Question 23.
Differentiate del with remove( ) function of List?
Answer:
There are two ways to delete an element from a list viz. del statement and remove() function, del statement is used to delete known elements whereas remove() function is used to delete elements of a list if its index is unknown. The del statement can also be used to delete entire list.

Question 24.
What is instantiation?
Answer:
Once a class is created, next you should create an object or instance of that class. The process of creating object is called as “Class Instantiation”.
Syntax:
objectname = class_name( )

PART – III

Answer any six questions. Question No. 29 is compulsory. [6 × 3 = 18]

Question 25.
What are class members? How do you define it?
Answer:
In Python, a class is defined by using the keyword class. Every class has a unique name followed by a colon (:).
Syntax:
class class name:
statement_1
statement_2
statement
…….
……
statement_n
Where, statement in a class definition may be a variable declaration, decision control, loop or even a function definition. Variables defined inside a class are called as “Class Variable” and functions are called as “Methods”. Class variable and methods are together known as members of the class. The class members should be accessed through objects or instance of class. A class can be defined anywhere in a Python program.

Example: Program to define a class
class Sample:
x, y = 10, 20 # class variables
In the above code, name of the class is Sample and it has two variables x and y having the initial value 10 and 20 respectively. To access the values defined inside the class, you need an object or instance of the class.

Question 26.
What is meant by data model?
Answer:

• A data model describes how the data can be represented and accessed from a software after complete implementation
• It is a simple abstraction of complex real world data gathering environment.
• The main purpose of data model is to give an idea as how the final system or software will look like after development is completed.

Question 27.
Write the use of Savepoint command with an example?
Answer:
SAVEPOINT command:
The SAVEPOINT command is used to temporarily save a transaction so that you can rollback to the point whenever required. The different states of our table can be saved at anytime using different names and the rollback to that state can be done using the ROLLBACK command.
SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;
UPDATE Student SET Name = ‘Mini ’ WHERE Admno=105;
SAVEPOINT A;

Question 28.
Write a program to count the number of male and female students from the student table?
Example:
Answer:
import sqlite3
connection= sqlite3.connect(“Academy.db”)
cursor = connection. cursor( )
cursor. execute(” SELECT gender,count(gender) FROM student Group BY gender”)
result = cursor. fetchall( )
print(*result,sep=”\n”)

Output:
(‘F’, 2)
(‘M’, 5)

Question 29.
What will be the output of the given python program?
Answer:
str1 = “welcome”
str2 = “to school”
str3 = str 1 [: 2]+str2 [len(str2)-2:]
print(str3)

Output:
weool

Question 30.
Write any 6 delimiters in python?
Answer:

Question 31.
What are string literals? Explain?
Answer:
In Python a string literal is a sequence of characters surrounded by quotes. Python supports single, double and triple quotes for a string. A character literal is a single character surrounded by single or double quotes. The value with triple-quote is used to give multi-line string literal.

strings = “This is Python”
char = “C”
multilinestr = ‘”This is a multiline string with more than one line code.'”

Question 32.
Give an example program for Ternary operator?
Answer:
# Program to demonstrate conditional operator
a, b = 30, 20
# Copy value of a in min if a < b else copy b
min = a if a < b else b
print (“The Minimum of A and B is “,min)
# End of the Program

Output:
The Minimum of A and B is 20

Question 33.
Write a note about count( ) function in python?
Answer:

PART – IV

Answer all the questions. [5 × 5 = 25]

Question 34(a).
Write the Output for the given program?
Answer:

[OR]

(b) Write a python program to check whether the given number is odd or even?
Example: #Program to check if the accepted number odd or even?
Answer:
a = int(input(“Enter any number :”))
if a%2==0:
print (a, ” is an even number”)
else:
print (a, ” is an odd number”)

Output 1:
Enter any number :56 56 is an even number

Output 2:
Enter any number :67 67 is an odd number

Question 35(a).
Explain while loop with sample program?
Answer:
Syntax:
while <condition>:
statements block 1
[else:
statements block 2]

In the while loop, the condition is any valid Boolean expression returning True or False. The else part of while is optional part of while. The statements blockl is kept executed till the condition is True. If the else part is written, it is executed when the condition is tested False. Recall while loop belongs to entry check loop type, that is it is not executed even once if the condition is tested False in the beginning.

Example: program to illustrate the use of while loop – to print all numbers from 10 to 15

Output:
10 11 12 13 14 15

[OR]

(b) Explain the following built-in functions?
Answer:

Question 36 (a).
Evaluate the following function and write the output?

1. forinat(66, ‘c’)
2. format(10, ‘x’)
3. format(10, ‘X’)
4. format(0bll0, ‘d’)
5. format(0xa, ‘d’)

Answer:

1. B
2. a
3. A
4. 6
5. 10

[OR]

(b) Write a program to swap two strings?
Answer:
print(“Enter ‘x’ for exit.”)
string 1 = input(“Enter first string : “)
if string 1 = = ‘x’: exit));
else:
string2 = input(“Enter second string : “)
print(” \n Both strings before swap : “)
print(“First string = ” , string1)
print(” Second string = ” , string2)
temp = string1 string1 = string2
string2 = temp
print(“\n Both strings after swap : “)
print(“First string = ” , string1)
print(” Second string = “, string2)

Output:
Enter ‘X’ for exit
Enter first string : code
Enter second string : python
Both strings before swap:
First string = code Second string = python Both strings after swap:
First string = python Second string = code

Question 37 (a).
Write a program to create a list of numbers in the range 1 to 20. Then delete all the numbers from the list that are divisible by 3?
Answer:
num = [ ]
for x in range(1, 21):
num.append(x)
print(“The list of numbers from 1 to 20 =”, num) for index, i in enumerate(num):
if(i % 3 == 0)
del num[index]
print(“The list after deleting numbers”, num)

Output:
The list of numbers from 1 to 20 = [1,2,3,4… 20]
The list after deleting numbers[l, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 20]

[OR]

(b) Write a program using class to store name and marks of students in list and print total marks?
Answer:
class stud:
def_init_(self):
self.name=” ”
self.m1=0
self.m2=0
self.tot=0
def gdata(self):
self.name = input(“Enter your name”)
self.m1 = int(input(“Enter marks 1”))
self.m2 = int(input(“Enter marks2”))
self, tot = self.m1 + self.m2
def disp(self):
print(self.name)
print(self.m1)
print(self.m2)
print(self.tot)
mlist = [ ]
st = stud( )
st.gdata( )
mlist.append(st)
for x in mlist:
x.disp( )

Output:

Question 38.
Write the different types of constraints and their functions?
Answer:
Constraints ensure database integrity, therefore known as database integrity constraints.

(I) Unique Constraint:
This constraint ensures that no two rows have the same value in the specified columns. For example UNIQUE constraint applied on Admno of student table ensures that no two students have the same admission number and the constraint can be used as:

CREATE TABLE Student
(
Admno integer NOT NULL UNIQUE → Unique constraint
Name char (20) NOT NULL,
Gender char (1),
Age integer,
Place char (10),
);

The UNIQUE constraint can be applied only to fields that have also been declared as NOT NULL.

When two constraints are applied on a single field, it is known as multiple constraints. In the above Multiple constraints NOT NULL and UNIQUE are applied on a single field Admno, the constraints are separated by a space and at the end of the field definition a comma(,) is added. By adding these two constraints the field Admno must take some value i.e. will not be NULL and should not be duplicated.

(II) Primary Key Constraint:
This constraint declares a field as a Primary key which helps to uniquely identify a record. It is similar to unique constraint except that only one field of a table can be set as primary key. The primary key does not allow NULL values and therefore a field declared as primary key must have the NOT NULL constraint.
Example showing Primary Key Constraint in the student table:
CREATE TABLE Student
(
Admno integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, → Primary Key constraint
Name char(20)NOT NULL,
Gender char(I),
Age integer,
Place char(10),
);

In the above example the Admno field has been set as primary key and therefore will help us to uniquely identify a record, it is also set NOT NULL, therefore this field value cannot be empty,

(III) DEFAULT Constraint:
The DEFA ULT constraint is used to assign a default value for the field. When no value is given for the specified field having DEFA ULT constraint, automatically the default value will be assigned to the field.
Example showing DEFAULT Constraint in the student table:
CREATE TABLE Student
(
Admno integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
Name char(20) NOT NULL,
Gender char(1),
Age integer DEFAULT = “17”, → Default Constraint Place char(10),
); –
In the above example the “Age” field is assigned a default value of 17, therefore when no
value is entered in age by the user, it automatically assigns 17 to Age.

(IV) Check Constraint:
This constraint helps to set a limit value placed for a field. When we define a check constraint on a single column, it allows only the restricted values on that field.
Example showing check constraint in the student table:
CREATE TABLE Student
(
Admno integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
Name char(20)NOT NULL,
Gender char(1),
Age integer (CHECK<=19), → Check Constraint Place char(10),
);
In the above example the check constraint is set to Age field where the value of Age must be less than or equal to 19.

Note:
The check constraint may use relational and logical operators for condition.

(V) TABLE CONSTRAINT:
When the constraint is applied to a group of fields of the table, it is known as Table constraint. The table constraint is normally given at the end of the table definition. Let us take a new table namely Student 1 with the following fields Admno, Firstname, Lastname, Gender, Age, Place:

CREATE TABLE Student 1
(
Admno integer NOT NULL,
Firstname char(20),
Lastname char(20),
Gender char(1),
Age integer,
Place char(10),
PRIMARY KEY (Firstname, Lastname) → Table constraint
);
In the above example, the two fields, Firstname and Lastname are defined as Primary key which is a Table constraint.

[OR]

(b) Write a C++ program to print boundary elements of a matrix and name the file as Border.cpp. Write a python program to execute the Border.cpp?
Answer:
Select File → New in Notepad and type the C++ program.
#include<iostream>
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int MAX = 100;
void printBoundary(int a[ ][max], int m, int n)
{
for (int i=0; i < m; i++)
{
for(int j=0; j < n; j++)
{
if(i= =0 || j= =0 || i= =n-l || j= =n-1)
cout<<a[i][j] <<” ”
else
cout« ” ”
cout« ” ”
}
cout<<” \n”;
}}
int main( )
{
inta[4][MAX] = { {1 ,2, 3, 4}, {5, 6, 7, 8}, {1, 2, 3, 4}, {5, 6, 7, 8}};
print Boundary(a, 4, 4);
return 0;
}
save it as Border.cpp
open a New notepad file and type the python program to execute border.cpp
#python border.py -i border.cpp
import sys,os,getopt
def main(argv):
cppfile =” exe_file =”
opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv, “i:”,[‘ifile=’])
for o, a in opts: if o in(“-i”, “-ifile”):
cppfile =a+ ‘.cpp’
exefile = a+ ‘.exe’
run(cpp file, exe file)
def run(cpp_file, exe file):
print(“Compiling” + cppfile) os.system(‘g++’+ cpp file + ‘-o ‘+ exe file)
print(“Running” + exefile)
print(” “)
print
os.system(exe_file)
print
if name =’ main ‘:
main(sys.argv[l:])
Output:

Students can download 6th Social Science Term 2 History Chapter 3 From Chiefdoms to Empires Questions and Answers, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus, helps students complete homework assignments and to score high marks in board exams.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science History Solutions Term 2 Chapter 3 From Chiefdoms to Empires

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science From Chiefdoms to Empires Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
The Kingdom which was most powerful among the four Mahajanapadas …………….
(a) Anga
(b) Magadha
(c) Kosala
(d) Vajji
Answer:
(b) Magadha

Question 2.
Among the following who was the contemporary of Gautama Buddha?
(a) Ajatasatru
(b) Bindusara
(c) Padmanabha Nanda
(d) Brihadratha
Answer:
(a) Ajatasatru

Question 3.
Which of the following are the sources of Mauryan period?
(a) Artha Sastra
(b) Indica
(c) Mudrafakshasa
(d) All
Answer:
(d) All

Question 4.
Chandra Gupta Maurya abdicated the thrown and went to Sravanbelgola along with Jina Saint ; .
(a) Badrabahu
(b) Stulabahu
(c) Parswanatha
(d) Rushabhanatha
Answer:
(a) Badrabahu

Question 5.
……………. was the ambassador of Seleucus Nicator.
(a) Ptolemy
(b) Kautilya
(c) Xerxes
(d) Megasthenese
Answer:
(d) Megasthenese

Question 6.
Who was the last emperor of the Mauryan Dynasty?
(a) Chandragupta Maurya
(b) Ashoka
(c) Brihadratha
(d) Bindusara
Answer:
(c) Brihadratha

II. Match the Statement with the reason/ Tick the appropriate answer

Question 1.
Statement (A) : Ashoka is considered as one of India’s greatest rulers.
Reason (R) : He ruled according to the principle of Dhamma.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Answer:
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

Question 2.
Which of the statements given below is/are correct?
Statement 1 : Chandragupta Maurya was the first ruler who unified entire India under one political unit.
Statement 2 : The Arthashastra provides information about the Mauryan administration.
(a) only 1
(b) only 2
(c) both 1 and 2
(d) neither 1 nor 2
Answer:
(b) only 2

Question 3.
Consider the following statements and find out which of the following statement(s) is/are correct.
1. Chandragupta Maurya was the first king of Magadha.
2. Rajagriha was the capital of Magadha.
(a) only 1
(b) only 2
(c) both 1 and 2
(d) neither 1 nor 2
Answer:
(c) both 1 and 2

Question 4.
Arrange the following dynasties in chronological order.
(a) Nanda – Sishunaga – Haryanka – Maurya
(b) Nanda – Sishunaga – Maurya – Haryanka
(c) Haryanka – Sishunaga – Nanda – Maurya
(d) Sishunaga – Maurya – Nanda – Haryanka
Answer:
(c) Haryanka – Sishunaga – Nanda – Maurya

Question 5.
Which of the following factors contributed to the rise of Magadhan Empire?
(1) Strategic location
(2)Thick forest supplied timber and elephant
(3) Control over sea
(4) Availability of rich deposits of iron ores
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only
(d) All of these
Answer:
(c) 1,2 and 4 only

III. Fill in the blanks

1. …………….. was the earliest capital of Magadha.
2. Mudrarakshasa was written by …………….
3. ……………. was the son of Bindusara.
4. The founder of the Maurya Empire was …………….
5. ……………. were appointed to spread Dhamma all over the empire.

Answer:

1. Rajagriha
2. Visakadatta
3. Ashoka
4. Chandragupta Maurya
5. Dhamma – mahamattas

IV. State True or False

1. The tittle Devanam Piya was given to Chandragupta Maurya.
2. Ashoka gave up war after his defeat in Kalinga.
3. Ashoka’s Dhamma was based on the principle of Buddhism.
4. The lions on the currency notes is taken from the Rampurwa bull capital.
5. Buddha’s relics were placed in the centre of the Stupas.

Answer:

1. False
2. False
3. True
4. False
5. True

V. Match the following

Answer:
(a) 3 4 1 2

VI. Answer in one or two sentences

Question 1.
Mention any two literary sources of the Mauryan period.
Answer:

1. Secular Literature
2. Religious Literature: Vedic, Jain, Buddhist texts and Puranas

Question 2.
What is a stupa?

1. A Stupa is a semi-spherical dome-like structure constructed on brick or stone.
2. The Buddha’s relics were placed in the centre of the dome.

Question 3.
Name the dynasties of Magadha.
Answer:
Four dynasties ruled over Magadha Empire.

1. The Haryanka dynasty
2. The Shishunaga dynasty
3. The Nanda dynasty
4. The Maurya dynasty

Question 4.
What were the sources of revenue during the Mauryan period?
Answer:
(i) The land was the most important source of revenue for the state. Ashokan inscription at Lumbini mentions Bali and bagha as taxes collected from people. The land tax (Bhaga) collected was 1/6 of the total produce.
(ii) Revenue from taxes on forests, mines, salt, and irrigation provided additional revenue to the government.

Question 5.
Who assisted Nagarika in the administration of towns?
Answer:
Sthanika and Gopa assisted Nagarika in the administration of towns.

Question 6.
What do you know from the Rock Edicts II and XIII of Ashoka?
Answer:

1. The horror of the Kalinga war was described by the king himself in the Rock Edict XIII.
2. The Rock Edicts II and XIII of Ashoka refer to the names of the three dynasties namely Pandyas, Cholas, the Keralaputras, and the Sathyaputras.

Question 7.
Which classical Tamil poetic works have the reference of Mauryans?
Answer:
Mamulahar’s poem in Agananuru gives the reference of the Mauryans.

VII. Answer the following

Question 1.
What did Ashoka do to spread Buddhism? (Write any three points)
Answer:

1. Ashoka sent his son Mahinda and daughter Sanghamitta to Srilanka to propagate Buddhism.
2. He also sent missionaries to West Asia, Egypt, and Eastern Europe to spread the message of Dhamma.
3. The Dhamma-mahamattas was a new cadre of officials created by Ashoka.
4. Their job was to spread dhamma all over the empire.
5. Ashoka held the third Buddhist council at his capital pataliputra.

Question 2.
Write any Hire causes for the rise off Mapdk
Answer:
The Causes for the Rise of Magadha

1. Magadha was located on the lower part of the Gangetic plain.
2. The plain was fertile which ensured the rich agricultural yield.
3. This provided regular and substantial income to the state.
4. The thick forests supplied timber for the construction of buildings and elephants for the army.
5. The abundance of natural resources especially iron enabled them to equip themselves with weapons made of iron.

VIII. HOTS

Question 1.
Kalinga war became a turning point in Ashoka’s life. How?
Answer:

1. In the war of Kalinga, many people died.
2. He understood that war only brings destruction to families.
3. The Kalinga war had incredible influence over the personal life and policy of Ashoka.
4. Hence Kalinga war proved to be a turning point in the life of Ashoka.
5. He found his consolation in Buddhism.
6. He was representing for his deeds. He embraced Buddhism and took the vow of inculcation ‘Dhamma’ to all men throughout his life.
7. He gave up the policy of Dig Vijay and adopted the policy of Dharma Vijay.

Question 2.
Write any five welfare measures you would do If you were a Mug like Ashoka?
Answer:
If I were a king like Ashoka

1. First I would have taken proper steps to help the cultivations, especially storing j the excess water available in rainy season for agriculture.
2. Monetary compensation would have been given during natural calamities.
3. Child protection act would be passed very effectively.
4. Stringent punishments would be given against corruption.
5. Suggestions would have been taken from the general public for quality improvement.

IX. Picture Study

This is the picture of Ashokan edicts.

Question a.
What are edicts?
Answer:
Edicts are official proclamations issued by authority or a king.

Question b.
How are Ashokan edicts useful?
Answer:
Ashokan edicts showed his belief in peace, righteousness, justice, and his concern for the welfare of his people.

Question c.
Where were these edicts inscribed?
Answer:
Edicts were inscribed on the pillars, boulders and cave walls.

Question d.
Name the script used in Sanchi Inscription.
Answer:
Brahmi

Question e.
How many Rock Edicts are there?
Answer:
33 Edicts

X. Who am I

Question 1.
I belonged to Haryanka dynasty. I extended territory by matrimonial alliances. My son is Ajatasatru – Who am I?
Answer:
Bimbisara

Question 2.
I played a significant role in the transformation of society. I am used to making ploughshare – Who am I?
Answer:
Iron

Question 3.
I was known as Devanampiya. I embraced the path of peace – Who am I?
Answer:
Ashoka

Question 4.
I established the first largest empire in India. I performed Sallekhana – Who am I?
Answer:
Chandragupta Maurya.

Question 5.
I am found in the Lion Capital of Ashoka. I am at the centre of our national flag – Who am I?
Answer:
The Ashoka Chakra

XI. Decipher the code – The Mauryan Empire

Answer:

1. The first dynasty that ruled over Magadha was ……………… (8, 1, 18, 25, 1, 14, 11, 1)
2. ………………empire was the first largest empire. (13, 1, 21, 18, 25, 1)
3. ……………… laid the foundation of the new capital at Pataliputra. (21, 4, 1, 25, 9, 14)
4. ……………… was one of the main exports (19, 16, 9, 3, 5, 19)
5. ……………… bacame later the most renowned seat of learning. (14, 1, 12, 1, 14, 4, 1)
6. Revenue from agricultural produce was called ……………… (2, 8, 1, 7, 1)
7. The horror of war was described in ……………… (18, 15, 3, 11, 5, 4, 9, 3, 20)
8. Greeks called Bindusara as ………………  (1, 13, 9, 20, 18, 1, 7, 1, 20, 8.1)
9. The crowning element in Saranath Pillar is ……………… (4, 8, 1, 18, 13, 1, 3, 8, 1, 11, 18, 1)
10. Council of ministers were known as ……………… (13, 1, 14, 4, 18, 9, 16, 1, 18, 9, 19, 8, 1, 4)

Answer:

1. Haryanka
2. Maurya
3. Udayin
4. Spices
5. Nalanda
6. Rhaga
7. Rockedict
8. Amitragatha
9. Dharma Chakra
10. Mantriparishad

XII. Activity (For Students)

1. Field trip to Museum
2. Movie show – about Ashoka and Chandragupta

XIV. Life Skill (For Students)

1. Make a model of Ashoka Chakra
2. Make a model of Sanchi Stupa
3. Draw and colour our National Flag.

XV. Answer Grid

Question 1.
Name the two kinds of government in North India during 6th century B.C. (BCE)
Answer:
Gana – Sanghas and Kingdoms

Question 2.
Who conducted second Buddhist Council at Vaishali?
Answer:
Kalasoka

Question 3.
What is the modern name for Kalinga?
Answer:
Odisha

Question 4.
Town was administrated by …………….
Answer:
Nagarika

Question 5.
Where was the third Buddhist council convened by Ashoka?
Answer:
Pataliputra

Question 6.
Name any two major Mahajanapadas.
Answer:
Magadha, Avanti

Question 7.
Which inscription records the Construction of Sudarshana lake?
Answer:
Junagath Girnar

Question 8.
Who was the last Nanda ruler?
Answer:
Dhana Nanda Maurian period.

Question 9.
Name the silver coin which was in use during the Mauryan Period.
Answer:
Panas

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science From Chiefdoms to Empires Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
Mahajanapadas dotted the Indo – Gangetic plain in sixth century BC.
(a) Ten
(b) Fourteen
(c) Sixteen
(d) eighteen
Answer:
(c) Sixteen

Question 2.
Kosala, one of the Mahajanapadas belonged to
(a) Eastern Uttar Pradesh
(b) Allahabad
(c) Bihar
(d) Ujjain
Answer:
(a) Eastern Uttar Pradesh

Question 3.
The horror of the Kalinga war was described in the Rock Edict …………….
(a) X
(b) XI
(c) XII
(d) XIII
Answer:
(d) XIII

Question 4.
The Source of information about the Mauryan Empire is from
(a) Puranas
(b) Edicts of Ashoka
(c) Bihar
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

II. Match the statement with the Reason / Tick the appropriate answer

Question 1.
Statement (A) : Magadha’s gradual rise to political supremacy began with Bimbisara.
Reason (R) : Bimbisara extended the territory by conquests and matrimonial alliances.
(a) A is true but R is false
(b) A is false but R is true
(c) Both A and R are true
(d) Both A and R are false
Answer:
(c) Both A and R are true

Question 2.
Consider the following statements and find out which of the following statement(s) is/are correct.
(1) Board of 40 members divided into eight committees. Each had 5 members to manage the administration of the city.
(2) Town administration was under Nagarika.
(a) only 1
(b) only 2
(c) both 1 and 2
(d) neither 1 nor 2
Answer:
(b) only 2

III. Fill in the blanks

1. Chandragupta Maury a overthrew …………….
2. ……………. convened the first Buddhist council at Rajagriha.
3. The meaning of ……………. is explained in Ashoka’s – Pillar Edict II.
4. Council of ministers known as ……………. assisted the King.

Answer:

1. Dhana Nanda
2. Ajatasatru
3. Dhamma
4. Mantriparishad

IV. State True or False

1. Gold played a significant role in this transformation of society.
2. Magadha was located on the lower part of the Gangetic plain.
3. Mahapadma Nanda and his eight sons were known as Navanandas.
4. Ashoka held the third Buddist council at Kashmir.

Answer:

1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False

V. Match the following

Answer:
b) 4 3 2 1

VI. Answer in one or two sentences

Question 1.
What were the two kinds of government in North India during the sixth century BC?
Answer:

1. Gana – Sanghas (Non-monarchical states)
2. Kingdoms (Monarchies)

Question 2.
How were Mahajanapadas formed?
Answer:

1. Janapadas were the earliest gathering places of men.
2. Later, Janapadas became republics or smaller kingdoms. The widespread use of iron in the Gangetic plain created conditions for the formation of larger territorial^ units transforming the janapadas into Mahajanapadas.

Question 3.
What did Ashoka lay stress on?
Answer:

1. Compassion
2. Charity
3. Purity
4. Saintliness
5. Self – control
6. Truthfulness
7. Obedience and respect

VII. Answer the following

Question 1.
Give reasons for the decline of the Mauryan Empire.
Answer:

1. Ashoka’s successors were very weak.
2. Continuous revolts in different parts of the empire.
3. Invasion by the Bactrian Greeks weakened the empire.
4. Last Maurya ruler Brihadratha was killed by his commander Pushyamitra Sungha.
5. He established the Sungha dynasty.

Question 2.
What do you know about the Royal Art of Mauryan?
Answer:
Royal Art consists of palaces and public buildings, Monolithic pillars, Rock-cut Architecture and Stupas.

Stupas:

1. It is a semicircle dome constructed on brick or stone.
2. The Buddha’s relics were placed in the centre.
3. We can see the stupa at Sanchi near Bhopal.

Monolithic Pillar:

1. The crowning element in this pillar is ‘Dharma Chakra’.
2. We can see the pillar at Samath.

Rock cut Architecture:

1. Rock cut caves are in Barabar hills and Nagarjuna hills
2. They are to the north of Bodh Gaya.
3. 3 caves in Barabar hills have Ashoka’s inscriptions.
4. 3 caves in Nagarjuna hills have Dasharatha Maurya’s inscriptions, (grandson of Ashoka).

VII. Mind map

Students can Download Tamil Nadu 12th Computer Science Model Question Paper 3 English Medium Pdf, Tamil Nadu 12th Computer Science Model Question Papers helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus, helps students complete homework assignments and to score high marks in board exams.

TN State Board 12th Computer Sceince Model Question Paper 3 English Medium

General Instructions:

1. The question paper comprises of four parts.
2. You are to attempt all the parts. An internal choice of questions is provided wherever applicable.
3. All questions of Part I, II, III and IV are to be attempted separately.
4. Question numbers 1 to 15 in Part I are Multiple Choice Questions of one mark each.
   These are to be answered by choosing the most suitable answer from the given four alternatives and writing the option code and the corresponding answer
5. Question numbers 16 to 24 in Part II are two-mark questions. These are to be answered in about one or two sentences.
6. Question numbers 25 to 33 in Part III are three-mark questions. These are to be answered in about three to five short sentences.
7. Question numbers 34 to 38 in Part IV are five-mark questions. These are to be answered in detail Draw diagrams wherever necessary.

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 70

PART – 1

Choose the correct answer. Answer all the questions: [15 × 1 = 15]

Question 1.
Sin (0) = 0 is an example for function.
(a) Impure
(b) Pure
(c) Interface
(d) Instruction
Answer:
(b) Pure

Question 2.
Write the output (value stored in b)
1. a:=5
2. b:=a
(a) 0
(b) 3
(c) 5
(d) 2
Answer:
(c) 5

Question 3.
Which of the following shortcut is used to create new Python Program?
(a) Ctrl + C
(b) Ctrl + F
(c) Ctrl + B
(d) Ctrl + N
Answer:
(d) Ctrl + N

Question 4.
Escape sequences can be given using ……………………. parameter in print( ) function.
(a) Ret
(b) Let
(c) End
(d) Sep
Answer:
(c) End

Question 5.
Pick the correct one to execute the given statement successfully,
if_: print(x,” is a leap year”)
(a) x % 2 = 0
(b) x % 4 = = 0
(c) x/4 = 0
(d) x % 4 = 0
Answer:
(b) x % 4 = = 0

Question 6.
Find the wrong statement from the following.
(i) Slice a single character from a string
(ii) Slice a substring
(iii) Slice a substring without specifying beginning index
(iv) Slice a substring without specifying end index
(a) (i), (ii)
(b) (ii), (iii), (iv)
(c) All are wrong
(d) All are correct
Answer:
(d) All are correct

Question 7.
Write the output.
list = [34, 45, 48]
list.append(90)
(a) [34, 45, 48, 90]
(b) [90, 34, 45, 48]
(c) [34, 90, 45, 48]
(d) [34, 45, 90, 48]
Answer:
(a) [34, 45, 48, 90]

Question 8.
Match the following.
1. constructor – (I) def process(self)
2. Destructor – (II) S.x
3. method – (III) _del_(self)
4. object – (IV) _init_(self, num)
(a) 1-(IV) 2-(III) 3-(I) 4-(II)
(b) 1 -(I) 2-(II) 3-(III) 4-(IV)
(c) 1-(IV) 2-(II) 3-(I) 4-(III)
(d) 1 -(I) 2-(III) 3-(IV) 4-(II)
Answer:
(a) 1-(IV) 2-(III) 3-(I) 4-(II)

Question 9.
Match the following
1. Relational – (I) Classes
2. Object model – (II) Mainframe
3. ER model – (III) Key
4. Hierarchical – (IV) Entity
(a) 1-(III), 2-(I), 3-(IV), 4-(II)
(b) 1-(I), 2-(II), 3-(III), 4-(IV)
(c) 1-(IV), 2-(III), 3-(I), 4-(II)
(d) 1-(IV), 2-(II), 3-(I), 4-(III)
Answer:
(a) 1-(III), 2-(I), 3-(IV), 4-(II)

Question 10.
Identify which statement is given wrongly?
(a) DDL statement should specify the proper data type
(b) DDL should not identify the type of data division
(c) DDL may define the range of values
(d) DDL should define the size of the data item
Answer:
(b) DDL should not identify the type of data division

Question 11.
(I) csv.writer work with list/tuple
(II) csv.Dictwriter work with dictionary
(III) csv.DictReader work with list/tuple/dictionary.
(a) (I), (II) – True (III) – False
(b) (I) -True (II), (III) – False
(c) (I), (II), (III) – True
(d) (I), (II), (III) – False
Answer:
(a) (I), (II) – True (III) – False

Question 12.
Pick the odd one out.
(a) Perl
(b) Ruby
(c) Tel
(d) Java
Answer:
(d) Java

Question 13.
Match the following related to OS module.
1. g++ – (I) Name of C++ file
2. variable namel – (II) General compiler
3. mode – (III) Input output mode
4. variable_name2 – (IV) Name of exe file
(a) 1-(I), 2-(II), 3-(III), 4-(IV)
(b) 1-(II), 2-(I), 3-(III), 4-(IV)
(c) 1-(IV), 2-(III), 3-(II), 4-(I)
(d) 1-(IV), 2-(I), 3-(III) , 4-(II)
Answer:
(b) 1-(II), 2-(I), 3-(III), 4-(IV)

Question 14.
Assertion (A): Query result can be stored in csv file.
Reason (R): To display the query output in a tabular form.
(a) R is the reason for A
(b) R is wrong
(c) A is wrong
(d) Both are not related
Answer:
(a) R is the reason for A

Question 15.
Identify the Incorrect pair
1. Group – (i) Aggregate functions
2. Order by – (ii) Sortind data
3. Having – (iii) Filter data
4. Where – (iv) max, min
(a) (2)
(b) (1)
(c) (4)
(d) (3)
Answer:
(c) (4)

PART – II

Answer any six questions. Question No. 21 is compulsory. [6 × 2 = 12]

Question 16.
Write note on keyword argument?
Answer:
Keyword arguments will invoke the function after the parameters are recognized by their parameter names. The value of the keyword argument is matched with the parameter name and so, one can also put arguments in improper order (not in order).

Question 17.
What is composition in functions?
Answer:
The value returned by a function may be used as an argument for another function in a nested manner. This is called composition. For example, if we wish to take a numeric value or an expression as a input from the user, we take the input string from the user using the function input( ) and apply eval( ) function to evaluate its value.

Question 18.
Write note on len (str)?
Answer:
Syntax : len(str)
Description: Returns the length (no of characters) of the string.
Example: >>> A=”Corporation”
>>> print(len(A))
11

Question 19.
Define sequence data type?
Answer:
Python programming language has four collections of data types such as List, Tuples, Set – and Dictionary. A list in Python is known as a “sequence data type” like strings. It is an ordered collection of values enclosed within square brackets [ ].

Question 20.
Give example for modifying variable outside a function?
Answer:
Example:
let y: = 0
(int) inc (int) x
y: = y + x;
return (y)

Question 21.
Define ADT?
Answer:
Abstract Data type (ADT) is a type (or class) for objects whose behavior is defined by a set of value and a set of operations.

Question 22.
Write note on Boolean data type?
Answer:
A Boolean data can have any of the two values: True or False.
Example :
Bool_varl=True
Bool_var2=False

Question 23.
Write note on column, table constraint?
Answer:
Column constraint: Column constraint apply only to individual column.
Table constraint: Table constraint apply to a group of one or more columns.

Question 24.
What are the two ways of passing arguments in variable length method?
Answer:

1. Non keyword variable arguments
2. Keyword variable arguments

PART – III

Answer any six questions. Question No. 29 is compulsory. [6 × 3 = 18]

Question 25.
Explain print ( ) in python?
Answer:
In Python, the print( ) function is used to display result on the screen. The syntax for print( ) is as follows:
Example:
print (“string to be displayed as output ”) print (variable)
print (“String to be displayed as output ”, variable)
print (“Stringl ”, variable, “String 2”, variable, “String 3” )

Question 26.
Give the rules for variables?
Answer:
An Identifier is a name used to identify a variable, function, class, module or object.

1. An identifier must start with an alphabet (A..Z or a..z) or underscore (_).
2. Identifiers may contain digits (0 .. 9)
3. Python identifiers are case sensitive, i.e., uppercase and lowercase letters are distinct.
4. Identifiers must not be a python keyword.
5. Python does not allow punctuation character such as %,$, @ etc., within identifiers.

Question 27.
Explain commands and their functions in SQL?
Answer:
Tables are the only way to store data, therefore all the information has to be arranged in the form of tables. The SQL provides a predetermined set of commands to work on databases.

Keywords:
They have a special meaning in SQL. They are understood as instructions.

Commands:
They are instructions given by the user to the database also known as statements.

Clauses:
They begin with a keyword and consist of keyword and argument.

Arguments:
They are the values given to make the clause complete.

Question 28.
Write note on abs ( ), Ord ( ), Chr ( )?
Answer:

Question 29.
Write a pure function to find Gcd of 2 numbers?
Answer:
let rec gcd a b :=
if b < > 0 then gcd b (a mod b) else return a;;
output
gcd 13 27;;
-: int = 1
gcd 20536 7826;;
-: int = 2
In the above example program ‘gcd’ is the name of the function which recursively called till the variable ‘b’ becomes ‘O’. Remember b and (a mod b) are two arguments passed to ‘a’ and ‘b’of the gcd function.

Question 30.
Write the use of Savepoint command with an example?
Answer:
SAVEPOINT command:
The SAVEPOINT command is used to temporarily save a transaction so that you can rollback to the point whenever required. The different states of our table can be saved at anytime using different names and the rollback to that state can be done using the ROLLBACK command.

SAVEPOINT savepoint name;
UPDATE Student SET Name = ‘Mini’WHERE Admno=105;
SAVEPOINT A;

Question 31.
Find output:
str1 = input (“Enter a string: “)
index= -1
while index >= -(len(str1)):
print (“Subscriptf”,index,”] : ” + str1 [index])
index += -1
Answer:
Output:
Enter a string: welcome
Subscript [ -1 ] : e
Subscript [ -2 ] : m
Subscript [ -3 ] : o
Subscript [ -4] : c
Subscript [ -5 ] : 1
Subscript [ -6 ] : e
Subscript [ -7 ] : w

Question 32.
Name some functions where lambda 0 is used?
Answer:
filter ( ), map ( ), reduce

Question 33.
Find output:
Answer:
def
printinfo (name, sal=500):
print (name)
print (sal)
return
print info (“mani”)
Output:
Mani
500

PART – IV

Answer all the questions. [5 × 5 = 25]

Question 34 (a).
Explain, various data types in SQL?
Answer:

[OR]

(b) Compare DBMS with RDBMS?
Answer:

Question 35 (a).
Explain various characteristics of modules?
Answer:

1. Modules contain instructions, processing logic, and data.
2. Modules can be separately compiled and stored in a library.
3. Modules can be included in a program.
4. Module segments can be used by invoking a name and some parameters.
5. Module segments can be used by other modules.

[OR]

(b) Explain Alter command in SQL?
Answer:
The ALTER command is used to alter the table structure like adding a column, renaming the existing column, change the data type of any column or size of the column or delete the column from the table. It is used in the following way:

ALTER TABLE <table-name> ADD <column-name> <data type> <size>;
To add a new column “Address” of type ‘char’ to the Student table, the command is used as:-

ALTER TABLE Student ADD Address char;
To modify existing column of table, the ALTER TABLE command can be used with MODIFY clause like wise:

ALTER <table-name> MODIFY<column-name> <data type> <size>;
ALTER TABLE Student MODIFY Address char (25);

The above command will modify the address column of the Student table to now hold 25 characters. The ALTER command can be used to rename an existing column in the following way:

ALTER <table-name> RENAME old-column-name TO new-column-name;
For example to rename the column Address to City, the command is used as:

ALTER TABLE Student RENAME Address TO City;
The ALTER command can also be used to remove a column or all columns, for example to remove a particular column, the DROP COLUMN is used with the ALTER TABLE to remove a particular field, the command can be used as:

ALTER <table-name> DROP COLUMN <column-name>;
To remove the column City from the Student table, the command is used as:
ALTER TABLE Student DROP COLUMN City;

Question 36(a).
Consider the following employee table. Write SQL commands for the qtns.(i) to (v)?

1. To display the details of all employees in descending order of pay.
2. To display all employees whose allowance is between 5000 and 7000.
3. To remove the employees who are mechanic.
4. To add a new row.
5. To display the details of all employees who are operators.

Answer:
Output:

1. SELECT * FROM employee ORDER BY DESC;
2. SELECT * FROM employee WHERE ((allowance >= 5000) AND (allowance <=7000));
3. DELETE FROM employee WHERE desig = “Mechanic”;
4. INSERT INTO employee(Empcode, Name, desig, pay, allowance) VALUES(‘M1006’, ‘RAM’, ‘Mechanic’,22000, 8000);
5. SELECT * FROM employee WHERE desig = ‘operator’;

[OR]

(b) How will you write data into different types in CSV files?
Answer:
As you know Python provides an easy way to work with CSV file and has csv module to read and write data in the csv file. In the previous topics, You have learned how to read CSV files • in Python. In similar way, You can also write a new or edit an existing CSV files in Python.

1. Creating A New Normal CSV File
2. Modifying An Existing File
3. Writing On A CSV File with Quotes
4. Writing On A CSV File with Custom Delimiters
5. Writing On A CSV File with Lineterminator
6. Writing On A CSV File with Quotechars
7. Writing CSV File Into A Dictionary
8. Getting Data At Runtime And Writing In a File

Question 37 (a).
Write a sample program to illustrate private and public variables using classes?
Answer:
class Sample:
def_init_(self, n1, n2):
self._n1=n1
self._n2=n2
def display(self):
print(“Class variable 1 = “, self.n1)
print(“Class variable 2 = “, self._n2)
S=Sample(12, 14)
S.display( )
print(“Value 1 = “, S.n1)
print(“Value 2 = “, S._n2)
In the above program, there are two class variables n1 and n2 are declared. The variable nl is a public variable and n2 is a private variable. The display( ) member method is defined to show the values passed to these two variables.

The print statements defined within class will successfully display the values of n1 and n2, even though the class variable n2 is private. Because, in this case, n2 is called by a method defined inside the class. But, when we try to access the value of n2 from outside the class Python throws an error. Because, private variable cannot be accessed from outside the class.

Output:
Class variable 1 = 12 Class variable 2=14 Value 1 = 12
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “D:/Python/Class-Test-04.py”, line 12, in <module> print(“Value 2 = “, S._n2)
AttributeError: ‘Sample’ object has no attribute ‘n2’

[OR]

(b) Explain updating and deleting Tuple with example?
Answer:
As you know a tuple is immutable, the elements in a tuple cannot be changed. Instead of altering values in a tuple, joining two tuples or deleting the entire tuple is possible.
Example:
# Program to join two tuples
Tup 1 = (2, 4, 6, 8, 10)
Tup 2 = (1,3,5,7,9)
Tup 3 = Tup1 + Tup2
print(Tup3)

Output:
(2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9)
To delete an entire tuple, the del command can be used.
Syntax: del tuple_name
Example:
Tup1 =(2, 4, 6, 8, 10)
print(“The elements of Tup1 is “, Tup1)
del Tup1
print (Tup1)

Output:
The elements of Tupl is (2, 4, 6, 8, 10)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “D:/Python/Tuple Examp l.py”, line 4, in <module>
print (Tupl)
NameError: name ‘Tup1’ is not defined
Note that, the print statement in the above code prints the elements. Then, the del statement deletes the entire tuple. When you try to print the deleted tuple, Python shows the error.

Question 38 (a).
Explain nested If -elif – else statement with example?
Answer:
When we need to construct a chain of if statement(s) then ‘elif’ clause can be used instead of ‘else’.
Syntax:
if <condition-l>:
statements-block 1

elif <condition-2>:
statements-block 2

else:
statements-block n

In the syntax of if.elifi.else mentioned above, condition-1 is tested if it is true then statements- block 1 is executed, otherwise the control checks . condition-2, if it is true statements-block2 is executed and even if it fails statements-block n mentioned in else part is executed.

‘elif’ clause combines ifi.else-ifi.else statements to one if..elif…else, ‘elif’ can be considered to be abbreviation of ‘else if’. In an ‘if’ statement there is no limit of ‘elif’ clause that can be used, but an ‘else’ clause if used should be placed at the end.

Example:
Program to illustrate the use of nested if statement

m1=int (input(“Enter mark in first subject: ”))
m2=int (input(“Enter mark in second subject: ”))
avg= (m1+m2)/2
if avg>=80:
print (“Grade : A”)
elif avg>=70 and avg<80:
print (“Grade : B”)
elif avg>=60 and avg<70:
print (“Grade : C”)
elif avg>=50 and avg<60:
print (“Grade : D”)
else:
print (“Grade : E”)

Output 1:
Enter mark in first subject: 34 Enter mark in second subject: 78 Grade : D

Output 2 :
Enter mark in first subject: 67

[OR]

(b) Explain how to pass parameters in functions?
Answer:
Parameters or arguments can be passed to functions:-

deffunction_name (parameters) separated by comma):

Let us see the use of parameters while defining functions. The parameters that you place in the parenthesis will be used by the function itself. You can pass all sorts of data to the functions. Here is an example program that defines a function that helps to pass parameters into the function.

# assume w = 3 and h = 5
def area(w,h):
return w * h
print (area (3,5))

The above code assigns the width and height values to the parameters w and h. These parameters are used in the creation of the function “area”. When you call the above function, it returns the product of width and height as output. The value of 3 and 5 are passed to w and h respectively, the function will return 15 as output.

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TN State Board 12th Computer Sceince Model Question Paper 2 English Medium

General Instructions:

1. The question paper comprises of four parts.
2. You are to attempt all the parts. An internal choice of questions is provided wherever applicable.
3. All questions of Part I, II, III and IV are to be attempted separately.
4. Question numbers 1 to 15 in Part I are Multiple Choice Questions of one mark each.
   These are to be answered by choosing the most suitable answer from the given four alternatives and writing the option code and the corresponding answer
5. Question numbers 16 to 24 in Part II are two-mark questions. These are to be answered in about one or two sentences.
6. Question numbers 25 to 33 in Part III are three-mark questions. These are to be answered in about three to five short sentences.
7. Question numbers 34 to 38 in Part IV are five-mark questions. These are to be answered in detail Draw diagrams wherever necessary.

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 70

PART – 1

Choose the correct answer. Answer all the questions: [15 × 1 = 15]

Question 1.
Which of the following defines what an object can do?
(a) OS
(b) Computer
(c) Interface
(d) Interpreter
Answer:
(c) Interface

Question 2.
Identify the constructor from the following?
(a) City=makecity(name, lat, Ion)
(b) Getname (city)
(c) Getlat (city)
(d) Getlon (city)
Answer:
(a) City=makecity(name, lat, Ion)

Question 3.
Which of the following security technique that regulates who can use resources in a computing environment?
(a) Password
(b) Authentication
(c) Access control
(d) Certification
Answer:
(c) Access control

Question 4.
………………….. is an expression of algorithm in a programming language.
(a) Program
(b) Language
(c) Module
(d) Memory
Answer:
(a) Program

Question 5.
In selection sort, there will be ……………. exchange for every pass through the list.
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) n
(d) n²
Answer:
(b) 1

Question 6.
………….. function is the alternative for bin ( ) function.
(a) Ord ( )
(b) Format ( )
(c) Binary ( )
(d) Bin ( )
Answer:
(b) Format ( )

Question 7.
Which command is used to remove the entire string variable?
(a) Remove
(b) Del
(c) Delete
(d) Strike
Answer:
(b) Del

Question 8.
Functions defined inside a class ………………..
(a) Functions
(b) Module
(c) Methods
(d) Section
Answer:
(c) Methods

Question 9.
In which database systems, transaction management is efficient?
(a) DBMS
(b) RDBMS
(c) ERDMS
(d) DMBS
Answer:
(b) RDBMS

Question 10.
When the command to run a python program is given to interpreter, code at ……………… indentation is executed ………………..
(a) level 0
(b) level 1
(c) level 2
(d) level 3
Answer:
(a) level 0

Question 11.
Which has a native library for sqlite?
(a) C
(b) C++
(c) Java
(d) Python
Answer:
(d) Python

Question 12.
Which table holds the key information about the database tables?
(a) Page
(b) Select
(c) Primary
(d) Master
Answer:
(d) Master

Question 13.
Pick the odd one out
(a) Dashboard
(b) Live graph
(c) Barplot
(d) Histogram
Answer:
(c) Barplot

Question 14.
Which function shows the percentage value in pie chart?
(a) Percent
(b) Percentage
(c) Slice
(d) Autopct
Answer:
(d) Autopct

Question 15.
Which of the following module is provided by Python to do several operations on the CSV files?
(a) Py
(b) Xls
(c) Csv
(d) Os
Answer:
(d) Os

PART – II

Answer any six questions. Question No. 21 is compulsory. [6 × 2 = 12]

Question 16.
Write note on Grant and Revoke command?
Answer:
Grant: Grants permission to one or more users to perform specific tasks.
Revoke: Withdraws the access permission given by the GRANT statement.

Question 17.
Name some clauses in SQL?
Answer:

1. DISTINCT
2. WHERE
3. GROUP BY
4. ORDER BY
5. HAVING

Question 18.
Define subroutine?
Answer:
Subroutines are the basic building blocks of computer programs. Subroutines are small sections of code that are used to perform a particular task that can be used repeatedly. In Programming languages these subroutines are called as Functions.

Question 19.
Write note on modules?
Answer:
A module is a part of a program. Programs are composed of one or more independently developed modules. A single module can contain one or several statements closely related each other. Modules work perfectly on individual level and can be integrated with other modules.

Question 20.
Write note on Exponent data?
Answer:
An Exponent data contains decimal digit part, decimal point, exponent part followed by one or more digits.

Question 21.
Write a program to check if year is leap or not?
Answer:
n=int(input(“Enter any year”1)) if(n % 4 == 0):
print “Leap Year”
else:
print “Not a Leap Year”

Question 22.
Write the syntax of if-else statements?
Answer:
Syntax:
if:
statements-block 1 else:
statements-block 2

Question 23.
Write note on list comprehension?
Answer:
List comprehension is a simplest way of creating sequence of elements that satisfy a certain condition.
Syntax:
List = [expression for variable in range]

Question 24.
What is the purpose of Destructor?
Answer:
Destructor is also a special method gets executed automatically when an object exit from the scope. It is just opposite to constructor. In Python, del ( ) method is used as destructor.

PART – III

Answer any six questions. Question No. 29 is compulsory. [6 × 3 = 18]

Question 25.
What are the two phases in the Analysis of algorithms and performance evaluation?
Answer:
(a) A Priori estimates:
This is a theoretical performance analysis of an algorithm. Efficiency of an algorithm is measured by assuming the external factors.

(b) A Posteriori testing:
This is called performance measurement. In this analysis, actual statistics like running time and required for the algorithm executions are collected.

Question 26.
Write note on Arithmetic operators?
Answer:
An arithmetic operator is a mathematical operator that takes two operands and performs a calculation on them. They are used for simple arithmetic. Most computer languages contain a set of such operators that can be used within equations to perform different types of sequential calculations.

Question 27.
Write note on comments?
Answer:
In Python, comments begin with hash symbol (#). The lines that begins with # are considered as comments and ignored by the Python interpreter. Comments may be single line or no multi-lines. The multiline comments should be enclosed within a set of:-
# as given below.
# It is Single line Comment
# It is multiline comment
which contains more than one line #

Question 28.
Give the flowchart for ‘for loop’ execution?
Answer:

Question 29.
What is the output of the following snippet?
Answer:
i=1
while True:
if i%3 =0:
break
print(i,end=”)
i +=1 Output:
12

Question 30.
Give the syntax for break, continue, pass?
Answer:
Syntax:
break

Syntax:
continue

Syntax:
pass

Question 31.
Fill the Table with appropriate values?

Answer:

Question 32.
Give the 3 different syntax formats for deleting the elements from a list?
Answer:
Syntax:
del List [index of an element]
# to delete a particular element
del List [index from: index to]
# to delete multiple elements del List
# to delete entire list

Question 33.
What is the output of the following program?
Answer:
class Sample:
_num=10
def disp(self):
print(self._num)
S=Sample( )
S.disp( )
print(S._num)
Output:
Error Sample has no attribute S._num
10

PART – IV

Answer all the questions. [5 × 5 = 25]

Question 34(a).
Describe in detail the procedure script mode programming?
Answer:
Basically, a script is a text file containing the Python statements. Python Scripts are reusable code. Once the script is created, it can be executed again and again without retyping. The Scripts are editable.

Creating Scripts in Python:
(I) Choose File —> New File or press Ctrl + N in Python shell window.

(II) An untitled blank script text editor will be displayed on screen

(III) Type the following code in Script editor

a =100
b = 350
c = a + b
print (“The Sum=”, c)

Saving Python Script:

(I) Choose File → Save or Press Ctrl + S

(II) Now, Save as dialog box appears on the screen

(III) In the Save As dialog box, select the location where you want to save your Python code, and type the file name in File Name box. Python files are by default saved with extension .py. Thus, while creating Python scripts using Python Script editor, no need to specify the file extension.

(IV) Finally, click Save button to save your Python script.

Executing Python Script:-
(I) Choose Run → Run Module or Press F5

(II) If your code has any error, it will be shown in red color in the IDLE window, and Python describes the type of error occurred. To correct the errors, go back to Script editor, make corrections, save the file using Ctrl + S or File → Save and execute it again.

(III) For all error free code, the output will appear in the IDLE window of python

[OR]

(b) Explain data types in python?
Answer:
Python Data types:
All data values in Python are objects and each object or value has type. Python has Built-in or Fundamental data types such as Number, String, Boolean, tuples, lists and dictionaries.

Number Data type:
The built-in number objects in Python supports integers, floating point numbers and complex numbers.

Integer Data can be decimal, octal or hexadecimal. Octal integer use O (both upper and lower case) to denote octal digits and hexadecimal integer use OX (both upper and lower case) and L (only upper case) to denote long integer.

Example :

A floating point data is represented by a sequence of decimal digits that includes a decimal point. An Exponent data contains decimal digit part, decimal point, exponent part followed by one or more digits.

Example :

Complex number is made up of two floating point values, one each for the real and imaginary parts.

Boolean Data type:
A Boolean data can have any of the two values: True or False.

Example :
Bool_var1=True
Bool_var2=False

String Data type:
String data can be enclosed with single quote or double quote or triple quote.

Example:
Char_data = ‘A’
String_data= “Computer Science”
Multiline_data= “““String data can be enclosed with single quote or double quote or triple quote.”””

Question 35(a).
Write a program to calculate the sum of numbers from 1 to 100?
Answer:
n = 100 sum = 0
for counter in range( 1 ,n+1):
sum = sum + counter
print(“Sum of 1 until %d: %d” % (n,sum))

Output:
Sum of 1 until 100: 5050

[OR]

(b) Write a program to replace a string with another string without replace ( )?
Answer:
s1 = input(“Enter the-string to be replaced : “)
s2 = input(“Enter the string to replace with “)
s1 = s2
print(“Replaced string is “, si)

Output:
Enter the string to be replaced: Computer
Enter the string to replace with: repcomputer
Replaced string is repcomputer

Question 36(a).
Write a program using class to accept 3 sides of a triangle and print its area?
Answer:
class Tr:
def init (self, a, b, c):
self.a = float(a)
self.b = float(b)
self.c = float(c)
def area(self):
s = (self.a + self.b + self.c)/2
return((s*(s-self.a) * (s-self.b) * (s-self.c) ** 0.5))
a = input(“Enter side 1:”)
b = input(“Enter side2:”)
c = input(“Enter side3:”)
ans=Tr(a,b,c)
print(ans.area())

Output:
Enter side 1 : 3 Enter side 2:4 Enter side 3 : 5

[OR]

(b) Explain different types of DBMS users?
Answer:
(I) Database Administrator:
Database Administrator or DBA is the one who manages the complete database management system. DBA takes care of the security of the DBMS, managing the license keys, managing user accounts and access etc.

(II) Application Programmers or Software Developers:
This user group is involved in developing and designing the parts of DBMS.

(III) End User:
End users are the one who store, retrieve, update and delete data.

(IV) Database designers:
Are responsible for identifying the data to be stored in the database for choosing appropriate structures to represent and store the data.

Question 37 (a).
Explain various components of DBMS?
Answer:
The Database Management System can be divided into five major components as follows:

1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Data
4. Procedures/Methods
5. Database Access Languages

1. Hardware:
The computer, hard disk, I/O channels for data, and any other physical component involved in storage of data

2. Software:
This main component is a program that controls everything. The DBMS software is capable of understanding the Database Access Languages and interprets into database commands for execution.

3. Data:
It is that resource for which DBMS is designed. DBMS creation is to store and utilize data.

4. Procedures/Methods:
They are general instructions to use a database management system such as installation of DBMS, manage databases to take backups, report generation, etc.

5. DataBase Access Languages:
They are the languages used to write commands to access, insert, update and delete data stored in any database.

[OR]

(b) Differentiate IN and NOTIN in SQL using sample commands? IN Keyword?
Answer:
The IN keyword is used to specify a list of values which must be matched with the record values. In other words it is used to compare a column with more than one value. It is similar to an OR condition.

For example :
SELECT Admno, Name, Place FROM Student WHERE Place IN (“Chennai”, “Delhi”);

Adm No	Name	Place
100	Ashish	Chennai
101	Adarsh	Delhi
103	Ayush	Delhi
104	Abinandh	Chennai
105	Revathi	Chennai
107	Hema	Chennai

NOT IN:
The NOT IN keyword displays only those records that do not match in the list.

For example:
SELECT Admno, Name, Place FROM Student WHERE Place NOT IN (“Chennai”, “Delhi”); will display students only from places other than “Chennai” and “Delhi”.

Question 38 (a).
Explain various python file modes?
Answer:

Adm No	Name	Place
102	Akshith	Bangalore
106	Devika	Bangalore

[OR]

(b) Explain getopt ( ) in python?
Answer:
Python getopt module:
The getopt module of Python helps you to parse (split) command-line options and arguments. This module provides two functions to enable command-line argument parsing, getopt.getopt method

This method parses command-line options and parameter list. Following is the syntax for this method
=getopt.getopt( argv, options, {long_options])
Here is the detail of the parameters –

getopt( ) method returns value consisting of two elements. Each of these values are stored separately in two different list (arrays) opts and args .Opts contains list of splitted strings like mode, path and args contains any string if at all not splitted because of wrong path or mode, args will be an empty array if there is no error in splitting strings by getopt( ). For example The Python code which is going to execute the C++ file p4 in command line will have the getopt Q method like the following one. opts, args = getopt.getopt (argv, “i:”,[‘ifile=’])

>>>print(args)
[ ]
Some more command for wrapping C++ code

if _name _==’_main_’;
main(sys.argv[l:])
_name_(A Special variable) in Python

Since there is no main( ) function in Python, when the command to run a Python program is given to the interpreter, the code that is at level 0 indentation is to be executed. However, before doing that, interpreter will define a few special variables. _name_ is one such special variable which by default stores the name of the file.

If the source file is executed as the main program, the interpreter sets the _name_ variable to have a value as ” main ” name is a built-in variable which evaluates to the name of the current module. Thus it can be used to check whether the current script is being run on its own.

For example consider the following
if_name_==’_main_’:
main(sys.argv[1:])
if the command line Python program itself is going to execute first, then _main_ contains the name of that Python program and the Python special variable _name_ also contain the Python program name. If the condition is true it calls the main which is passed with C++ file as argument.

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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science History Solutions Term 2 Chapter 2 Great Thinkers and New Faiths

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Great Thinkers and New Faiths Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
What is the name of the Buddhist scripture?
(a) Angas
(b) Tripitakas
(c) Tirukkural
(d) Naladiyar
Answer:
(b) Tripitakas

Question 2.
Who was the first Tirthankara of Jainism?
(a) Rishabha
(b) Parsava
(c) Vardhamana
(d) Buddha
Answer:
(a) Rishabha

Question 3.
How many Tirthankaras were there in Jainism?
(a) 23
(b) 24
(c) 25
(d) 26
Answer:
(b) 24

Question 4.
Where was the third Buddhist Council convened?
(a) Rajagriha
(b) Vaishali
(c) Pataliputra
(d) Kashmir
Answer:
(c) Pataliputra

Question 5.
Where did Buddha deliver his first sermon?
(a) Lumbini
(b) Saranath
(c) Taxila
(d) Bodh Gaya
Answer:
(b) Saranath

II. Match the Statement with the Reason. Tick the appropriate answer

Question 1.
Statement : A common man could not understand Upanishads.
Reason : Upanishads were highly philosophical.
(a) Statement and its Reason are correct
(b) Statement is wrong
(c) Statement is true, but the Reason for that is wrong
(d) Both Statement and Reason are wrong
Answer:
(a) Statement and its Reason are correct

Question 2.
Statement: The Jatakas are popular tales,
Reason: Frescoes on the ceilings and walls of Ajanta caves depict the Jataka Tales.
(a) Statement and its Reason are correct.
(b) Statement is wrong.
(c) Statement is true, but the Reason for that is wrong.
(d) Both statement and Reason are wrong.
Answer:
(a) Statement and its. Reason are correct,

Question 3.
Find out the correct answer:
Buddha Viharas are used for
1. Education
2. Stay of Buddhist monks
3. Pilgrims stay
4. Prayer hall
(a) 2 is correct
(b) 1 and 3 are correct
(c) 1,2,4 are correct
(d) 1 and 4 are correct
Answer:
(b) 1 and 3 are correct

Question 4.
Consider the following statements regarding the causes of the origin of Jainism and Buddhism.
I. Sacrificial ceremonies were expensive.
II. Supertitious beliefs and practices confused the common man.
Which of the above statement (s) is / are correct?
(a) Only I
(b) Only II
(c) Both I & II
(d) Neither I nor II
Answer:
(c) Both I & II

Question 5.
Which of the following about Jainism is correct?
Which of the following about Jainism is correct?
(a) Jainism denies God as the creator of universe
(b) Jainism accepts God as the creator of universe
(c) The basic philosophy of Jainism is idol worship
(d) Jains accept the belief in Last Judgement. ,
Answer:
(a) Jainism denies God as the creator of universe

Question 6.
Circle the odd one:

Answer:
Parsava

Question 7.
Find out the wrong pair:
(a) Ahimsa – not to injure
(b) Satya – to speak truth
(c) Asteya – not to steal
(d) Brahmacharya – married status
Answer:
(d) Brahmacharya – married status

Question 8.
All the following statements are true of Siddhartha Gautama except:
(a) He is the founder of Hinduism
(b) He was bom in Nepal
(c) He attained Nirvana
(d) He was known as Sakyamuni
Answer:
(a) He is the founder of Hinduism

III. Fill in the blanks

1. The doctrine of Mahavira is called …………….
2. ……………. is a state of freedom from suffering and rebirth.
3. ……………. was the founder of Buddhism.
4. Thiruparthikundram, a village in Kanchipuram was once called …………….
5. ……………. were built over the remains of Buddha’s body.

Answer:

1. Jainism
2. Nirvana
3. Gautama Buddha
4. Jina Kanchi
5. Stupas

IV. True or False

1. Buddha believed in Karma.
2. Buddha had faith in caste system
3. Gautama Swami compiled the teachings of Mahavira.
4. Viharas are temples.
5. Emperor Ashoka followed Buddhism.

Answer:

1. True
2. False
3. True
4. False
5. True

V. Match the following Answer

Answer:
1. – d
2. – a
3. – 4
4. – c
5. – b

VI. Answer in one or two sentences

Question 1.
What are the Tri-Ratna (three jewels) of Jainism?
Answer:
Triratna (Three Jewels) of Jainism are

1. Right Faith
2. Right Knowledge
3. Right action.

Question 2.
What are the two sects of Buddhism?
Answer:
The two sects of Buddhism are Hinayana, Mahayana.

Question 3.
What does Jina mean?
Answer:
Jina means conquering self and the external world.

Question 4.
Write any two common features of Buddhism and Jainism.
Answer:

1. Both Buddhism and Jainism denied the authority of Vedas.
2. Both believed in the doctrine of Karma.

Question 5.
Write a note on Buddhist Sangha.
Answer:

1. Sangha, meaning ‘association’ for the propagation of Buddha’s faith.
2. It was formed to propagate Buddha’s faith.
3. The members were called Bhikshus (monks).
4. They led a life of austerity.

Question 6.
Name the Chinese traveller who visited Kancheepuram in the seventh century AD. (CE).

1. Hieun Tsang visited Kanchipuram in the seventh century A.D. (CE).
2. There he noticed the presence of 100 feet stupa built by Ashoka.

Question 7.
Name the female Jain monk mentioned in Silapathikaram.
Answer:
Silapathikaram mentions that when Kovalan and Kannagi were on their way to Madurai, Gownthiyadigal a female Jain monk blessed the couple and accompanied them.

VI. Answer the following

Question 1.
Name the eightfold path of Buddhism?
Answer:

1. Right View
2. Right Thought
3. Right Speech
4. Right Action
5. Right Livelihood
6. Right Effort
7. Right Knowledge
8. Right Meditation

Question 2.
What are the five important rules of conduct in Jainism?
Answer:

1. Ahimsa – not to injure any living beings
2. Satya – to speak the truth
3. Asteya – not to steal
4. Aparigraha – not to own property
5. Brahmacharya – Celibacy

Question 3.
Narrate four noble truths of Buddha?
Answer:

1. Life is full of sorrow and misery.
2. Desire is the cause of misery.
3. Sorrows and sufferings can be removed by giving up one’s desire.
4. The desire can be overcome by following the right path (Noble eightfold path)

Question 4.
Write any three differences between Hinayana and Mahayana sects of Buddhism.
Answer:
Hinayana

1. Did not worship idols or images of Buddha.
2. Practiced austerity.
3. Believed that Salvation of the individual as its goal.
4. Used Prakrit language.
5. Confined to India.

Mahayana

1. Worshiped images of Buddha.
2. Observed elaborate rituals.
3. Believed that the salvation of all beings as its objective.
4. Used Sanskrit language.
5. Spread to Central Asia, Ceylon, Burma, Nepal, Tibet, China, Japan, where the middle path was accepted.

Question 5.
Jainism and Buddhism flourished in the Sangam period. Give any two pieces of evidence for each.
Answer:
(i) In ancient Tamil literature, Jainism is referred to as Samanam. There is a Samanar Hill or Samanar Malai in Keelakuyilkudi village, 15 km away from Madurai. The images of Tirthankaras created by Jain monks are found in the hill. It is a protected monument of the Archaeological Survey of India.

(ii) There is a reference to Aravor Palli, a place of living for Jain monks, in Manimegalai.

(iii) Buddhism spread to Tamil Nadu much later than Jainism. Manimekalai, one of the epics of the post-Sangam age is Buddhist literature.

(iv) There is an elaborate description of Kanchipuram in the classical epic Manimegalai.

VIII. HOTS

Question 1.
Karma – a person’s action. Name any 10 good actions (deeds).
Answer:

1. Help a friend in need
2. Let your first good deed be to a charity
3. Plant a tree
4. Donate an old cell phone
5. Donate blood
6. Decide to make one change in yourself that will make you a better person.
7. Swallow your pride and apologize for something you have done – whether big or small.
8. Donate school supplies to children from underprivileged homes.
9. Answer the phone in a cheerful voice.
10. When you are out buying food purchase, an extra item to donate to a food pantry or to a homeless person.

IX. Student Activity

Question 1.
Read any one story from Jatakas and write a similar story on your own.

Question 2.
Make a tabular column in the following 5 headings.
Answer:

Question 3.
Place the following words in the appropriate column.
Answer:
Words:

1. Jina
2. Mahay ana
3. Tirthankaras
4. Stupas
5. Nirvana
6. Digambara
7. Tripitaka’s
8. Agama

Question 4.
Task cards activity:
Make informative cards for the following religions. Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Jainism
Answer:
Hinduism:

1. Dasavathara
2. Rudhthrava tandava
3. Siva – Vishnu
4. Maha Kumba Mela
5. Manu dharma

Christianity :

1. Crucified
2. Holy See
3. Nazareth
4. Sermon on the Mount
5. 12 Disciples

Islam:

1. Mecca
2. 786
3. Hijiri
4. The Quran
5. Mohamed Nabi

Buddhism:

1. Hinayana
2. Bodh Gaya
3. Dhamma
4. Tripitakkas
5. Stupas

Jainism :

1. Tirthankaras
2. Svethambara
3. Aravar Palli
4. Gownthiyadigal
5. Trirathnas

Question 5.
Make a Venn diagram to indicate similarities and dissimilarities of Jainism and Buddhism.
Answer:

Question 6.
Solve the puzzle
Answer:

Left to right:

1. One of the Tri Rathna: Right
2. Buddha’s teachings are referred to as
3. A great center of education
4. The place where Buddha attained enlightenment
5. Not to injure any living being

Right to left:

6. Mother of Siddhartha Maya
7. The Quality of man’s life depends on his deed

Top to bottom:

8. Lumbini is in
9. Buddhist prayer hall
10. A state of freedom from birth
11. Jain scripture compiled by Gautama Swami.

X. Life Skills (For Students)

Create a storyboard for Jainism / Buddhism in a chart Model.

XI. Answer Grid

Question 1.
The Jam monks who wear white clothes are called
Answer:
Svetambaras

Question 2.
What is the meaning of Buddha?
Answer:
The awakened or Enlightened.

Question 3.
Who is the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism?
Answer:
Mahavira

Question 4.
Who delivered Dharmachakra Pravartana?
Answer:
Buddha

Question 5.
How many noble truths are there in Buddhism?
Answer:
Four

Question 6.
Which religion’s teachings include four noble truth and eightfold path?
Answer:
Buddhism

Question 7.
Name the earliest Buddhist literature which deals with the stories of various births of Buddha?
Answer:
The Jatakas

Question 8.
Name any four places where Jain monasteries were located in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Puhar, Uraiyur, Madurai, Kanchi

Question 9.
Name one of the twin Indian’s Epics
Answer:
Silapathikaram

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Great Thinkers and New Faiths Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
Samanar Malai in Keelakuyilkudi is 15km away from ………………
(a) Trichy
(b) Chennai
(c) Pudukottai
(d) Madurai
Answer:
(d) Madurai

Question 2.
Kevala refers to
(a) Buddha
(b) Rishaba
(c) Mahavira
(d) Thirthankara
Answer:
(c) Mahavira

Question 3.
…………….. represents the Buddhist view of the world.
(a) The wheel of Dharma
(b) The wheel of law
(c) The wheel of Dhamma
(d) The wheel of life
Answer:
(d) The wheel of life

Question 4.
Asteya means
(a) Ahimsa
(b) Not to steal
(c) To speak the truth
(d) Celibacy
Answer:
(b) Not to steal

II. Match the Statement with the Reason/ Tick the appropriate answer

Question 1.
Statement: The sixth century B.C is a landmark period in the intellectual and spiritual development in India.
Reason: The exploitative practices that paved way for awakening.
(a) Statement is wrong
b) Both statement and reason are wrong
(c) Statement and its reason are correct
(d) Statement is true, but the reason for that is wrong
Answer:
(c) Statement and its reason are correct

Question 2.
Find the correct answer:
Vardhamana was:
1. Kshatriya prince
2. under twelve and a half years of penance
3. the real founder of Jainism
4. The first Tirthankara
(a) All are correct
(b) All are correct except
(c) All are wrong
(d) 3 and 4 are correct
Answer:
(b) All are correct except

III. Fill in the blanks

1. The famous Buddhist logician was …………….
2. Vardhaman means …………….
3. In ancient Tamil literature, Jainism is referred to …………….
4. The stepmother of Siddhartha was …………….

Answer:

1. Dinnaga
2. Prosperous
3. Samanam
4. Gautami

IV. True or False

1. The sacrificial ceremonies were expensive in the sixth century.
2. Uraiyur had a Buddhist monastery.
3. Buddha sat under a Neem tree and undertook a deep meditation.
4. Jainism remained in India only.

Answer:

1. True
2. False
3. False
4. True

V. Answer in one or two sentences

Question 1.
What are the two sects of Jainism?
Answer:

1. Digambaras
2. Svetambaras

Question 2.
Why is Mahavira Believed to be the real founder of Jainism?
Answer:

1. Mahavira reviewed the ancient Shamanic traditions and came up with new doctrines.
2. Therefore he is believed to be the real founder of Jainism.

Question 3.
What kind of life did the Buddha bhikshus lead?
Answer:
The Buddha bhikshus led a life of austerity.

Question 4.
Mention the four sorrowful sights seen by Siddharta
Answer:
The four Sorrowful sights seen by Siddharta were

1. An uncared old man in rags with his bent back.
2. A sick man suffering from an incurable disease.
3. A dead body being carried to the burial ground by weeping relatives, An ascetic.

VI. Answer the following

Question 1.
Write about the four great sights of Buddha.
Answer:
At the age of 29, Siddhartha saw four sorrowful sights. They were

1. An uncared old man in rags with his bent back.
2. A sick man suffering from an incurable disease.
3. A man’s corpse being carried to the burial ground by weeping relatives.
4. An ascetic.

VII. Mind map

Students can Download Tamil Nadu 12th Computer Science Model Question Paper 1 English Medium Pdf, Tamil Nadu 12th Computer Science Model Question Papers helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus, helps students complete homework assignments and to score high marks in board exams.

TN State Board 12th Computer Sceince Model Question Paper 1 English Medium

General Instructions:

1. The question paper comprises of four parts.
2. You are to attempt all the parts. An internal choice of questions is provided wherever applicable.
3. All questions of Part I, II, III and IV are to be attempted separately.
4. Question numbers 1 to 15 in Part I are Multiple Choice Questions of one mark each.
   These are to be answered by choosing the most suitable answer from the given four alternatives and writing the option code and the corresponding answer
5. Question numbers 16 to 24 in Part II are two-mark questions. These are to be answered in about one or two sentences.
6. Question numbers 25 to 33 in Part III are three-mark questions. These are to be answered in about three to five short sentences.
7. Question numbers 34 to 38 in Part IV are five-mark questions. These are to be answered in detail Draw diagrams wherever necessary.

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 70

PART – 1

Choose the correct answer. Answer all the questions: [15 × 1 = 15]

Question 1.
The duration for which a variable is alive is ………………..
(a) Scale
(b) Life time
(c) Static
(d) Function
Answer:
(b) Life time

Question 2.
………………. describes the lower bound of an algorithm.
(a) Big Ω
(b) Big Θ
(c) Big O
(d) Big ⊗
Answer:
(a) Big Ω

Question 3.
How many types of operators are there?
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
Answer:
(d) 5

Question 4.
The keys in python, dictionary is specified by ……………..
(a) =
(b) ;
(c) +
(d) :
Answer:
(d) :

Question 5.
…………….. is used to access an element in a list.
(a) Element
(b) i
(c) Index
(d) Tuple
Answer:
(c) Index

Question 6.
The command to delete a table is ………………..
(a) Drop
(b) Delete
(c) Delete all
(d) Alter table
Answer:
(a) Drop

Question 7.
‘skipinitialspace’ is used for removing ……………….. after delimiter.
(a) White spaces
(b) Double quotes
(c) Comma
(d) Colon
Answer:
(a) White spaces

Question 8.
List literals are written using ………………
(a) [ ]
(b) ( )
(c) { }
(d) <>
Answer:
(a) [ ]

Question 9.
What does ……………… name ………………. contains?
(a) C++ file name
(b) Main ( ) name
(c) Python file name
(d) OS module name
Answer:
(c) Python file name

Question 10.
Which of the following clause avoid the duplicates?
(a) Distinct
(b) Remove
(c) Where
(d) Group by
Answer:
(a) Distinct

Question 11.
Which function returns the smallest value of the selected columns?
(a) Min ( )
(b) Minimum ( )
(c) Small ( )
(d) Least ( )
Answer:
(a) Min ( )

Question 12.
Which is a python package used for 2D graphics?
(a) Matplotlib.pyplot
(b) Matplotlib.pip
(c) Matplotlib.numpy
(d) Matplotlib.plt
Answer:
(a) Matplotlib.pyplot

Question 13.
Skipping of first row heading in CSV file is given by ………………
(a) Skip
(b) Next
(c) Forward
(d) More
Answer:
(b) Next

Question 14.
Which mode is used when dealing with non-text files like images or exe files?
(a) Text
(b) Word
(c) Binary
(d) Exe
Answer:
(c) Binary

Question 15.
In python _ del _ ( ) method is used as …………….
(a) Delete
(b) Drop
(c) Truncate
(d) Destructor
Answer:
(d) Destructor

PART – II

Answer any six questions. Question No. 21 is compulsory. [6 × 2 = 12]

Question 16.
Who is an Algorist?
Answer:

1. A person skilled in the design of algorithms are called as Algorist.
2. An algorithmic artist.

Question 17.
What is a repeating operator?
Answer:
The multiplication operator (*) is used to display a string in multiple number of times.

Question 18.
Write note on dictionary comprehensions?
Answer:
In Python, comprehension is another way of creating dictionary. The following is the syntax of creating such dictionary.
Syntax
Dict = { expression for variable in sequence [if condition] }

Question 19.
What is the output of the following snippet?
T=1
while T:
print(True)
break
(a) False
(b) True
(c) 0
(d) No output
Answer:
(d) No output

Question 20.
List the control structures in python?
Answer:
There are three important control structures

1. Sequential
2. Alternative or Branching
3. Iterative or Looping

Question 21.
Pick the correct one to execute the given statement successfully, if_: print(x, ” is a leap year”)
(a) x % 2 = 0
(b) x % 4 = = 0
(c) x/4 = 0
(d) x % 4 = 0
Answer:
(b) x % 4 = = 0

Question 22.
What are the 4 types of function arguments?
Answer:

1. Required arguments
2. Keyword arguments
3. Default arguments
4. Variable-length arguments

Question 23.
Find output:
C = 65
Print (chr (C))
Answer:
Output:
A

Question 24.
Give the positive and negative index for list [10, 23, 41]
Answer:
Positive: 0 1 2
Negative: -3 -2 -1

PART – III

Answer any six questions. Question No. 29 is compulsory. [6 × 3 = 18]

Question 25.
Write a python program to check smallest of 3 numbers?
Answer:
num1 = int (input(“Enter first number : “))
num2 = int (input(“Enter second number : “))
num3 = int (input(“Enter third number : “))
if (num1 < num2) and (num1 < num3):
smallest=num1
elif (num2 < num1) and (num2 < num3):
smallest=num2
else:
smallest=num3
print(” The smallest number is”, smallest)

Output:
Enter first number : 12
Enter second number : 7
Enter third number : 15
The smallest number is 7

Question 26.
Write a note on count ( ) function?
Answer:

Question 27.
What are the advantages of user – defined functions?
Answer:

1. Functions help us to divide a program into modules. This makes the code easier to manage.
2. It implements code reuse. Every time you need to execute a sequence of statements, all you need to do is to call the function.
3. Functions, allows us to change functionality easily, and different programmers can work on different functions.

Question 28.
Write note on min ( ), max ( ), sum ( ) functions?
Answer:

Question 29.
What is the use of append ( ) and extend ( ) functions in python?
Answer:
In Python, append() function is used to add a single element and extend() function is used to add more than one element to an existing list.

Syntax:
List.append (element to be added)
List.extend ([elements to be added])

Question 30.
Define Nested list, give example for it?
Answer:
In the below example, Mylist contains another list as an element. This type of list is known as “Nested List”.
Nested list is a list containing another list as an element.
Example: Mylist = [ “Welcome”, 3.14, 10, [2, 4, 6] ]

Question 31.
Define list. How will you represent rational numbers with list?
Answer:
List is constructed by placing expressions within square brackets separated by commas. Such an expression is called a list literal. List can store multiple values. Each value can be of any type and can even be another list. Example for List is [10, 20].

Representing Rational Numbers Using List:
You can now represent a rational number as a pair of two integers in pseudo code: a numerator and a denominator
rational(n, d):
return [n, d]
numer(x):
return x[0]
denom(x):
return x[l]

Question 32.
Define memoization?
Answer:
Memoization or memoisation is an optimization technique used primarily to speed up computer programs by storing the results of expensive function calls and returning the cached result when the same inputs occur again.

Question 33.
Mention any 6 keywords?
Answer:

1. False
2. None
3. True
4. And
5. As
6. Assert

PART – IV

Answer all the following questions. [5 × 5 = 25]

Question 34 (a).
Explain the pseudo code to do Binary search?
Answer:
(I) Start with the middle element:

• If the search element is equal to the middle element of the array i.e., the middle value = number of elements in array/2, then return the index of the middle element.
• If not, then compare the middle element with the search value.
• If the search element is greater than the number in the middle index, then select the elements to the right side of the middle index, and go to Step-1.
• If the search element is less than the number in the middle index, then select the elements to the left side of the middle index, and start with Step-1.

(II) When a match is found, display success message with the index of the element matched.

(III) If no match is found for all comparisons, then display unsuccessful message.

[OR]

(b) Give the pseudo code for insertion sort?
Answer:
Step 1 – If it is the first element, it is already sorted.
Step 2 – Pick next element.
Step 3 – Compare with all elements in the sorted sub-list.
Step 4 – Shift all the elements in the sorted sub-list that is greater than the value to be sorted
Step 5 – Insert the value
Step 6 – Repeat until list is sorted

Question 35 (a).
Explain input function with example?
input( ) function:
Answer:
In Python, input( ) function is used to accept data as input at run time. The syntax for input( ) function is,
Variable = input (“prompt string ’’)

Where, prompt string in the syntax is a statement or message to the user, to know what input can be given. If a prompt string is used, it is displayed on the monitor; the user can provide expected data from the input device. The input( ) takes whatever is typed from the keyboard and stores the entered data in the given variable. If prompt string is not given in input( ) no message is displayed on the screen, thus, the user will not know what is to be typed as input.

Example: input( ) with prompt string
>>> city=input (“Enter Your City: ”)
Enter Your City: Madurai
>>> print (“I am from”, city)
I am from Madurai

Example: input( ) without prompt string
>>> city=input( )
Rajarajan
>>> print (“I am from”, city)
I am from Rajarajan

Note that in example-2, the input( ) is not having any prompt string, thus the user will not know what is to be typed as input. If the user inputs irrelevant data as given in the above example, then the output will be unexpected. So, to make your program more interactive, provide prompt string with input( ).

The input ( ) accepts all data as string or characters but not as numbers. If a numerical value is entered, the input values should be explicitly converted into numeric data type.

The int ( ) function is used to convert string data as integer data explicitly. We will learn about more such functions in later chapters.

Example:
x = int (input(“Enter Number 1: ”))
y = int (input(“Enter Number 2: ”))
print (“The sum = ”, x+y)
Output:
Enter Number 1 : 34
Enter Number 2 : 56
The sum = 90

Example: Alternate method for the above program
x,y=int (input(“Enter Number 1 :”)),int(input(“Enter Number 2:”))
print (“X = “,x,” Y = “,y)
Output:
Enter Number 1:30
Enter Number 2:50
X = 30 Y = 50

[OR]

(b) Explain various types of Relationships in dBMS?
Answer:
Following are the types of relationships used in a database.

1. One-to-One Relationship
2. One-to-Many Relationship
3. Many-to-One Relationship
4. Many-to-Many Relationship

1. One-to-One Relationship
In One-to-One Relationship, one entity is related with only one other entity. One row in a table is linked with only one row in another table and vice versa.
For example: A student can have only one exam number

2. One-to-Many Relationship
In One-to-Many relationship, one entity is related to many other entities.
One row in a table A is linked to many rows in a table B, but one row in a table B is linked to only one row in table A.
For example: One Department has many staff members.

3. Many-to-One Relationship
In Many-to-One Relationship, many entities can be related with only one in the other entity. For example: A number of staff members working in one Department.
Multiple rows in staff members table is related with only one row in Department table.

4. Many-to-Many Relationship
A many-to-many relationship occurs when multiple records in a table are associated with multiple records in another table.

Example 1: Customers and Product
Customers can purchase various products and Products can be purchased by many customers.

Example 2: Students and Courses A student can register for many Courses and a Course may include many students.

Example 3: Books and Student.
Many Books in a Library are issued to many students.

Question 36 (a).
Write a menu driven program that keeps record of books available in school library?
Answer:
class Library:
def init (self):
self.bookname=” ”
self.author=””

def getdata(self):
self.bookname = input(“Enter Name of the Book: “)
self.author = input(“Enter Author of the Book: “)

def display(self):
print(“Name of the Book: “,self.bookname)
print(“Author of the Book: “,self.author)
print(“\n”)

book=[ ] #empty list
ch = ‘y’

while(ch==’y’):
print(” 1. Add New Book \n 2.Display Books”)
resp = int(input(“Enter your choice : “))

if(resp==1):
L=Library( )
L.getdata( )
book.append(L)

elif(resp=2):
for x in book:
x.display( )

else:
print(“Invalid input….”)
ch = input(“Do you want continue….”)

Output:

1. Add New Book
2. Display Books Enter your choice : 1

Enter Name of the Book: Programming in C++
Enter Author of the Book: K. Kannan
Do you want continue….y

1. Add New Book
2. Display Books Enter your choice : 1

Enter Name of the Book: Learn Python
Enter Author of the Book: V.G.Ramakrishnan
Do you want continue….y

1. Add New Book
2. Display Books

Enter your choice : 1
Enter Name of the Book: Advanced Python
Enter Author of the Book: Dr. Vidhya
Do you want continue….y

1. Add New Book
2. Display Books

Enter your choice : 1
Enter Name of the Book: Working with OpenOffice
Enter Author of the Book: N.V.Gowrisankar
Do you want continue….y

1. Add New Book
2. Display Books

Enter your choice : 1
Enter Name of the Book: Data Structure
Enter Author of the Book: K.Lenin
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1. Add New Book
2. Display Books

Enter your choice : 1
Enter Name of the Book: An Introduction to Database System
Enter Author of the Book: R.Sreenivasan
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1. Add New Book
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Enter your choice : 2
Name of the Book: Programming in C++
Author of the Book: K. Kannan
Name of the Book: Learn Python
Author of the Book: V.G.Ramakrishnan
Name of the Book: Advanced Python
Author of the Book: Dr. Vidhya
Name of the Book: Working with OpenOffice
Author of the Book: N.V.Gowrisankar
Name of the Book: Data Structure
Author of the Book: K.Lenin
Name of the Book: An Introduction to Database System
Author of the Book: R.Sreenivasan
Do you want continue….n

[OR]

(b) Write a program to accept a string and print the number of upper case, vowels, consonants and spaces in the giving string?
Answer:
class String:
def _init_(self):
self.uppercase=0
self.lowercase=0
self.vowels=0
self.consonants=0
self.spaces=0
self.string=””

def getstr(self):
self.string=str(input(“Enter a String: “))

def countupper(self):
for ch in self.string:
if (ch.isupper()):
self.uppercase+=1

def count_lower(self):
for ch in self.string:
if (ch.islower()):
self.lowercase+= 1

def count_vowels(self):
for ch in self.string:
if (ch in (‘A’, ‘a’, ‘e’, ‘E’, ‘i’, T, ’o’, ‘O’, T, ‘L’)):
self.vowels+=1

def countconsonants(self):
for ch in self.string:
if (ch not in (‘A’, ’a’, ‘e’, ‘E’, ‘i’, T, ‘o’, ‘O’, T, ’L’)):
self.consonants+= 1

def countspace(self):
for ch in self.string:
if (ch=””):
self.spaces+=1

def execute(self):
self.count_upper( )
self.count_lower( )
self. count_vowels( )
self.count_consonants( )
self.count_space( )

def display(self):
print(“The given string contains…”)
print(“%d Uppercase letters”%self.uppercase)
print(“%d Lowercase letters”%self.lowercase)
print(“%d Vowels”%self. vowels)
print(“%d Consonants”%self.consonants)
print(“%d Spaces”%self.spaces)
S = String( )
S.getstr( )
S.execute( )
S.display( )

Output:
Enter a String: Welcome To Learn Computer Science
The given string contains…
5 Uppercase letters
24 Lowercase letters
13 Vowels
20 Consonants
4 Spaces

Question 37(a).
Explain python getopt module?
Answer:
The getopt module of Python helps you to parse (split) command-line options and arguments. This module provides two functions to enable command-line argument parsing.
getopt.getopt method
This method parses command-line options and parameter list. Following is the syntax for this method –
<opts> ,<args>=getopt.getopt (argv, options, [long options])
Here is the detail of the parameters –

argv – This is the argument list of values to be parsed (splited). In our program the complete command will be passed as a list.
options – This is string of option letters that the Python program recognize as, for input or for output, with options (like ‘i’ or ‘o’) that followed by a colon (:). Here colon is used to denote the mode.

longoptions – This parameter is passed with a list of strings. Argument of Long options should be followed by an equal sign (‘=’). In our program the C++ file name will be passed as string and ‘i’ also will be passed along with to indicate it as the input file.

getopt( ) method returns value consisting of two elements. Each of these values are stored separately in two different list (arrays) opts and args. Opts contains list of splitted strings like mode, path and args contains any string if at all not splitted because of wrong path or mode. args will be an empty array if there is no error in splitting strings by getopt( ).

For example The Python code which is going to execute the C++ file p4 in command line will have the getopt() method like the following one.
opts, args = getopt.getopt (argv, “i:”,[‘ifile=’])

In our examples since the entire command line commands are parsed and no leftover argument, the second argument args will be empty [ ]. If args is displayed using print( ) command it displays the output as [ ].
>>>print(args)
[ ]

[OR]

(b) Write a sql code using where clause to display the different grades scored by male students from student table?
Answer:
The WHERE clause is used to extract only those records that fulfill a specified condition. In this example we are going to display the different grades scored by male students from “student table” import sqlite3
connection = sqlite3.connect(“Academy.db”)
cursor = connection.cursor( )
cursor.execute(” SELECT DISTINCT (Grade) FROM student where gender=’M”‘)
result = cursor.fetchall( )
print(*result,sep=”\n”)
OUTPUT
(‘B’,)
(‘A’,)
(C’,)
(D’,)

Question 38 (a).
Write a program that accept data using python input ( ) command and write it in the Table called person?
Answer:
In this example we are going to accept data using Python input() command during runtime and then going to write in the Table called “Person”

Example:
# code for executing query using input data import sqlite3
# creates a database in RAM
con =sqlite3.connect(” Academy, db”)
cur =con.cursor( )
cur.execute(“DROP Table person”)
cur.execute(“create table person (name, age, id)”)
print(“Enter 5 students names:”)
who =[input( ) for i in range(5)]
print(“Enter their ages respectively:”)
age =[int(input()) for i in range(5)]
print(“Enter their ids respectively:”)
p_id =[int(input())for i in range(5)]
n =len(who)
for i in range(n):
# This is the q-mark style:
cur.execute(“insert into person values (?, ?, ?)”, (who[i], age[i], p_id[i]))
# And this is the named style: cur.execute(“select * from person”)
# Fetches all entries from table
print(“Displaying All the Records From Person Table”)
print (*cur.fetchall( ), sep-\n’)

Output:
Enter 5 students names:
RAM
KEERTHANA
KRISHNA
HARISH
GIRISH

Enter their ages respectively:
28
12
21

Enter their ids respectively:
1
2
3
4
5

Displaying All the Records From Person Table
(‘RAM’, 28, 1)
(’KEERTHANA’, 12, 2)
(’KRISHNA1, 21,3)
(‘HARISH’, 18,4)
(‘GIRISH’, 16, 5)

You can even add records to the already existing table like “Student” Using the above coding with appropriate modification in the Field Name. To do so you should comment the create table statement

[OR]

(b) Write a CSV file with a line terminator?
Answer:
A Line Terminator is a string used to terminate lines produced by writer. The default value is \r or \n. We can write csv file with a line terminator in Python by registering new dialects using csv.register_dialect( ) class of csv module.
For Example
import csv
Data = [[‘Fruit’, ‘Quantity’], [‘Apple’, ‘5’], [‘Banana’, ‘7’], [‘Mango’, ‘8’]]
csv.register_dialect(‘myDialect’, delimiter = ‘|’, lineterminator = ‘\n’)
with open(‘c:\\pyprg\\chl3\\line.csv’, ‘w’) as f:
writer = csv.writer(f, dialect=‘myDialect’)
writer.writerows(Data)
f.close( )
When we open the line.csv file, we get following output with spacing between lines:

In the above code, the new dialect “myDialect uses the delimiter=‘|’ where a | (pipe) is considered as column separator. The line terminator=‘\r\n\r\n’ separates each row and display the data after every two lines.

Students can download 6th Social Science Term 2 History Chapter 1 Vedic Culture in North India and Megalithic Culture in South India Questions and Answers, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus, helps students complete homework assignments and to score high marks in board exams.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science History Solutions Term 2 Chapter 1 Vedic Culture in North India and Megalithic Culture in South India

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Vedic Culture in North India and Megalithic Culture in South India Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
Aryans first settled in …………… region.
(a) Punjab
(b) Middle Gangetic
(c) Kashmir
(d) Northeast
Answer:
(a) Punjab

Question 2.
Aryans came from
(a) China
(b) North Asia
(c) Central Asia
(d) Europe
Answer:
(c) Central Asia

Question 3.
Our National Motto “Sathyameva Jayate” is taken from ……………
(a) Brahmana
(b) Veda
(c) Aranyaka
(d) Upanishad
Answer:
(d) Upanishad

Question 4.
What was the ratio of land revenue collected during the Vedic Age
(a) 1/3
(b) 1/6
(c) 1/8
(d) 1/9
Answer:
(b) 1/6

II. Match the Statement with the Reason/ Tick the appropriate answer

Question 1.
Assertion: The Vedic age is evidenced by a good number of texts and an adequate amount of material evidence.
Reason: Shrutis comprise the Vedas, the Brahmanas, the Aranyakas, and the Upanishads.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Answer:
(d) A is false but R is true

Question 2.
Statement I: Periplus mentions the steel imported into Rome from peninsular India was subjected to duty in the port of Alexandria.
Statement II: Evidence for iron smelting has come to light at Paiyampalii.
(a) Statement I is wrong.
(b) Statement II is wrong.
(c) Both the statements are correct,
(d) Both the statements are wrong.
Answer:
(c) Both the statements are correct

Question 3.
Which of the statement is not correct in the Vedic society.
(a) A widow could re-marry.
(b) Child marriage was in practice.
(c) Father’s property was inherited by his son
(d) Sati was unknown
Answer:
(b) Child marriage was in practice

Question 4.
Which is the correct ascending order of the Rig Vedic society?
(a) Grama < Kula < Vis < Rashtra < Jana
(b) Kula < Grama < Vis < Jana < Rashtra
(c) Rashtra < Jana < Grama < Kula < Vis
(d) Jana Grama < Kula < vis < Rashtra
Answer:
(d) Jana Grama < Kula < vis < Rashtra

III. Fill in the blanks

1. Vedic culture was ……………. in nature.
2. ……………. was a tax collected from the people in the Vedic period.
3. ……………. system is an ancient learning method.
4. Adhichanallur is in ……………. district.

Answer:

1. Chalcolithic
2. Bali
3. Gurukula
4. Thoothukudi

IV. True or False

1. The Roman artifacts found at various sites provide evidence of Indo – Roman trade relations.
2. A Hero Stone is a memorial stone raised in remembrance of the honourable death of a hero.
3. The army chief was called Gramani.
4. The Black and Red ware pottery became the characteristic of the Megalithic period.
5. Evidence for iron smelting has come to light at paiyampalli.

Answer:

1. True
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. True

V. Match the following

Answer:
(d) 1 2 3 4

VI. Answer in one or two sentences

Question 1.
Name the four Vedas.
Answer:
The four Vedas are Rig, Yajur, Sama and Atharva.

Question 2.
What were the animals domesticated by Vedic people?
Answer:
Horses, cows, goats, sheep, oxen, and dogs were domesticated. In the later Vedic period the Aryans tamed elephants also.

Question 3.
What do you know about Megalith?
Answer:
The term ‘Megalith’ is derived from Greek. ‘Megas’ means great and ‘lithos’ means stone. Using big stone slabs built upon the places of burial is known as Megalith.

Question 4.
What are Dolmens?
Answer:
Dolmens are Megalithic tombs made of two or more upright stones with a single stone lying across the burial site.

Question 5.
What are Urns?
Answer:
Urns are large pottery jars used for burying the dead.

Question 6.
Name the coins used for business transactions in the Vedic period.
Answer:
Nishka, Satmana (gold coins), and Krishna (silver coins) were used for business transactions.

Question 7.
Name some Megalithic monuments found in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:

1. Dolmens
2. Menhir

Dolmens are Megalithic tombs. Megalithic Dolmens have been found in Veeraraghavapuram village, Kanchipuram district, Kummalamaruthupatti, Dindigulfc, district, and in Narasingampatti, Madurai district.

VII. Answer the following

Question 1.
Write briefly about the archaeological site at Kodumanal.

1. Kodumanal is located in the Erode district.
2. More than 300 pottery inscriptions in Tamil – Brahmi have been discovered there.
3. Archaeologists have also discovered spindles, whorls (used for making thread from cotton)
4. Pieces of cloth, along with tools, weapons, ornaments, beads, particularly camelina also discovered here.
5. A Menhir found at the burial site is assigned to the Megalithic period.

Question 2.
Write about the Vedic women in a paragraph.
Answer:

1. In the Rig Vedic society, women relatively enjoyed some freedom.
2. The wife was respected as the mistress of the household.
3. She could perform rituals in her house.
4. In Rig Vedic period widows could remarry.
5. But they were denied to inherit parental property.
6. They played no role in public affairs.
7. In the later Vedic period women’s position declined, demand to perform rituals and marriage rules became more rigid.
8. Polygamy became common, and women were denied an education.

VIII. HOTS

Question 1.
Difference between the Gurukula system of education and the Modern system of education.
Answer:

1. Apart from the Modern system of education, the Gurukula system is an ancient learning method.
2. The shishas resided with their guru and served them and simultaneously learned and gained knowledge.
3. The students received education through oral tradition. They had to memorize everything.
4. Four Vedas, Ithihasas, Puranas, Grammar, Logic, Ethics, Astrology, Maths, and Military Science were the subjects taught.
5. Only Dvijas could be students and they were trained to lead a disciplined life.

IX. Pride any joy – Let us find out the fact

X. Student Activity

Question 1.
Sentence making by using these new words. Shruti, Gramani, Rashtras, Iron Age, Semi-nomadic, Barter
Answer:

1. The one that was transmitted orally through generations is Shruti.
2. Gramani was the leader of the village.
3. Many Janas formed the Rashtra.
4. Iron Age society in South India belongs to the Vedic period in North India.
5. Rig Vedic Aryans were Semi-nomadic.
6. The barter system was prevalent in the Rig Vedic Period.

Question 2.
Word Search

Answer:

1. KHYBER
2. SMRITI
3. VIS
4. GANA
5. SAMITI
6. AGNI
7. SATMANA
8. IRON AGE
9. URN

XI. Life Skill

1. Collect information from Newspapers about archaeological finds with the help of your teacher.
2. Site Visit: Visit any one of the archaeological sites near your locality.

XII. Answer Grid

Question 1.
Mention two Ithikasas:
Answer:

1. Ramayana
2. Mahabharatha

Question 2.
Vertical monolithic pillar planted in memory of the dead is called …………….
Answer:
Menhir

Question 3.
Name the ancient town in the Sivagangai district dating to the Sangam age.
Answer:
Keezhadi

Question 4.
Name any two Iron Age sites in Tamilnadu
Answer:

1. Paiyampalli
2. Porunthal

Question 5.
What method of agriculture was practiced by early Aryans?
Answer:

1. Slash and burn
2. agriculture

Question 6.
Name two large cities that emerged during the Vedic period.
Answer:

1. Ndraprastha
2. Ayodhya

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Vedic Culture in North India and Megalithic Culture in South India Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
The main occupation of the Aryans was ……………
(a) Agriculture
(b) Fishing
(c) Cattle rearing
(d) Hunting
Answer:
(c) Cattle rearing

Question 2.
The main source of wealth in the Rig Vedic period was ______
(a) Land
(b) Gold coins
(c) Cattle
(d) Rice
Answer:
(c) Cattle

Question 3.
The staple crop was ……………
(a) Barley
(b) Wheat
(c) Rice
(d) Cotton
Answer:
(a) Barley

Question 4.
Vishayapati was the head of a ______
(a) Rashtra
(b) Village
(c) Clan
(d) Jana
Answer:
(c) Clan

II. Fill in the blanks

1. Within the early Vedic Society there were …………… divisions.
2. When Aryans settled permanently they began to practice……………
3. The rules of …………… became much more complex and rigid.

Answer:

1. three
2. agriculture
3. marriage

III. True or False

1. Rig Vedic Aryans worshipped mostly the earthly and celestial gods.
2. True Education was denied to women.
3. The term ‘Megalith’ is derived from Latin.

Answer:

1. True
2. True
3. False

IV. Match the following

Question 1.

Answer:
(b) 2 4 1 3

V. Answer in one or two sentences

Question 1.
Name the metals known to Rig Vedic People.
Answer:

1. Gold (Hiranya)
2. Iron (Shyama)
3. Copper / Bronze (Ayas)

Question 2.
What are Shrutis?
Answer:

1. The Shmtis comprise the four Vedas, the Brahmanas, the Aranyakas, and the ’ Upanishads.
2. They are considered sacred, eternal, and unquestionable truth.

Question 3.
Name the occupations of Rig Vedic Aryans.
Answer:

1. Cattle rearing
2. Carpenters
3. Chariot makers
4. Potters
5. Smiths
6. Weavers
7. Leather Workers

VI. Mind map

Students can download 6th Social Science Term 1 Civics Chapter 2 Achieving Equality Questions and Answers, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus, helps students complete homework assignments and to score high marks in board exams.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Civics Solutions Term 1 Chapter 2 Achieving Equality

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Achieving Equality Text Book Back Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
Which one of the following is not the reason for Prejudice?
(a) Socialization
(b) Economic Benefits
(c) Authoritarian personality
(d) Geography
Answer:
(d) Geography

Question 2.
Discrimination done on the basis of gender is referred to as
(a) gender discrimination
(b) caste discrimination
(c) religious discrimination
(d) inequality
Answer:
(a) gender discrimination

Question 3.
Gender-based stereotypes are often portrayed in …………….
(a) films
(b) advertisements
(c) TV serials
(d) All the these
Answer:
(d) All the these

Question 4.
Name the book/s written by A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
(a) India 2020
(b) Wings of Fire
(c) Ignited Minds
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

Question 5.
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was conferred Bharat Ratna in the year …………….
(a) 1997
(b) 1996
(c) 1995
(d) 1994
Answer:
(a) 1997

Question 6.
Viswanathan Anand became India’s first grandmaster in the year.
(a) 1985
(b) 1986
(c) 1987
(d) 1988
Answer:
(d) 1988

Question 7.
In which sport Ilavazhagi excels …………….
(a) Chess
(b) Wrestling
(c) Carrom
(d) Tennis
Answer:
(c) Carrom

Question 8.
Which article of the Constitution says discrimination against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them is not permitted?
(a) 14(1)
(b) 15(1)
(c) 16(1)
(d) 17(1)
Answer:
(b) 15(1)

Question 9.
B.R. Ambedkar was conferred Bharat Ratna in the year …………….
(a) 1990
(b) 1989
(c) 1988
(d) 1987
Answer:
(a) 1990

Question 10.
As per the 2011 Census the highest literate district in Tamil Nadu
(a) Namakkal
(b) Salem
(c) Kanyakumari
(d) Sivagangai
Answer:
(c) Kanyakumari

II. Fill in the blanks

1. People have false belief and ideas on others is called …………….
2. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was born in …………….
3. ……………. was the first recipient of Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award, India’s highest Sport honour.
4. ……………. was the independent India’s first Law Minister.
5. As per the 2011 census the lowest Sex ratio was in …………….

Answer:

1. Prejudice
2. 1931
3. Viswanathan Anand
4. Dr.B.R.Ambedkar
5. Dharmapuri

III. Match the following

Answer:
1. – e
2. – d
3. – b
4. – c
5. – a

IV. Answer the following questions

Question 1.
What is Prejudice?
Answer:

1. Prejudice means to judge other people in a negative or inferior manner, without knowing much about them.
2. It happens when people have false beliefs and ideas.

Question 2.
What is a stereotype?
Answer:

1. A stereotype is a false view or idea about something.
2. For example, girls are not good at sports.
3. When prejudice gets stronger, it develops into a stereotype.

Question 3.
What is discrimination?
Answer:

1. Discrimination can be defined as negative actions towards people.
2. Discrimination can happen on the basis of colour, class, religion, and gender, etc.

Question 4.
What are the articles that are discussing equality in the Indian constitution?
Answer:

1. Article 14 of the constitution
2. Article 15(1) of the constitution

V. Answer the following in detail

Question 1.
What are the causes of prejudice?
Answer:

1. Socialization
2. Conforming behaviours
3. Economic benefits
4. Authoritarian personality
5. Ethno – centrism
6. Group closure
7. Conflicts

Question 2.
Write any two types of discrimination?
Answer:
(a) Gender discrimination:

1. Gender discrimination refers to health, education, economic and political inequalities between men and women in India.
2. For example a girl is not allowed to go to college after finishing her schooling.
3. Most of the girls are not allowed to select a career of their choice, rather they are forced into marriage.
4. In some families, girls are not allowed to wear modem dresses while boys in such families often wear modem dresses.

(b) Religious discrimination:

1. Religious discrimination is unequal treatment of an individual or group based on their beliefs.
2. Religious discrimination has been around for a long time.
3. There have been problems between people of different religions for thousands of years.
4. Some people are not allowed to enter in public places; especially the places of worship, because they belong to another religion.
5. Some religious people often end up in conflict with each other because of their rituals and way of life.

Question 3.
Explain the solution to the removal of inequality and discrimination in Indian society.
Answer:
The remedial measures for abolishing inequality and discrimination in Indian society are as follows.

1. Wider access to quality based services like healthcare and education for all.
2. Be aware of current gender bias.
3. Make women more visible in public life and institution to eradicate gender disparity.
4. Be open to learning about other religions.
5. Promoting community dining in the classroom may help the students to sit together without any bias of caste, religion, or gender.
6. Socialise with people of all types outside the home.
7. Effective implementation of laws.

VI. Projects and Activities

1. Split the class into small groups, discuss with your peer group on discrimination and write a report on it.
2. Collect information about any two famous personalities who faced prejudice and discrimination.

VII. HOTS

Question 1.
Various discrimination in India. Discuss.
Answer:

1. The different forms of inequalities such as caste inequality, religious inequality, race inequality, or gender inequality give rise to discrimination.
2. Discrimination can happen on the basis of colour, class, religion gender, etc.
3. Treating dark-skinned people differently from fair-skinned people, giving more importance to people of higher than to those of lower caste, and thinking boys are smarter than girls are all thoughts of discrimination.
4. Article 15(1) of the constitution states that the State not to discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth, or any of them.

VIII. Life Skill

1. How can you fight against prejudice and discrimination in your village?

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Achieving Equality Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
Apartheid was practiced in ……………
(a) Germany
(b) Australia
(c) South Africa
(d) India
Answer:
(c) South Africa

Question 2.
Viswanathan Anand was born in _______
(a) Chennai
(b) Bengaluru
(c) Thiruvananthapuram
(b) Vishakapatnam
Answer:
(a) Chennai

Question 3.
The chairman of the Drafting Committee of India’s constituent Assembly was ……………
(a) Nehru
(b) Dr. Ambedkar
(c) Mount Batten
(d) Dr. Abdul kalam
Answer:
(b) Dr. Ambedkar

Question 4.
Apartheid, the racist policy was brought to an end by _______
(a) Martin Luther
(b) Nelson Mandela
(c) Mother Theresa
(d) Tagore
Answer:
(b) Nelson Mandela

Question 5.
Mr. Viswanathan Anand won the World Junior Championship in ……………
(a) Chess
(b) Carrom
(c) Cricket
(d) High jump
Answer:
(a) Chess

II. Answer the following questions

Question 1.
Mention the types of prejudice
Answer:

1. Gender prejudice
2. Racial prejudice
3. Class prejudice
4. Disability prejudice

Question 2.
Name the books written by Dr. APJ Abdul Kaiam.
Answer:
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam wrote many books. The famous among them are –

1. India 2020
2. Wings of Fire
3. Ignited Minds
4. The Luminous Sparks
5. Mission India.

Question 3.
What is meant by constitution?
Answer:
A constitution is a set of rules and regulations guiding the administration of a country.

Question 4.
What does Article 15(1) of our constitution state about discrimination?
Answer:
The state shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex and place of birth or any of them.

Question 5.
What does Article 14 of our constitution state about equality?
Answer:
Article 14 provides equality before law or equal protection within the territory of India and prohibits unreasonable discrimination between persons.

III. Mind map

Students can download 6th Social Science Term 1 Civics Chapter 1 Understanding Diversity Questions and Answers, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus, helps students complete homework assignments and to score high marks in board exams.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Civics Solutions Term 1 Chapter 1 Understanding Diversity

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Understanding Diversity Text Book Back Questions and Answers

A. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
India consists of ……………. states and ……………. Union territories.
(a) 27,9
(b) 29,7
(c) 28,7
(d) 28,9
Answer:
(b) 29,7

Question 2.
India is known as a
(a) Continent
(b) Subcontinent
(c) Island
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Sub continent

Question 3.
Mawsynram, the land of highest rainfall is located in …………….
(a) Manipur
(b) Sikkim
(c) Nagaland
(d) Meghalaya
Answer:
(d) Meghalaya

Question 4.
Which one of the following religion is not practised in India
(a) Sikhism
(b) Islam
(c) Zoroastrianism
(d) Confucianism
Answer:
(d) Confucianism

Question 5.
Recognised official languages of India, as per VUIth schedule of Indian constitution …………….
(a) 25
(b) 23
(c) 22
(d) 26
Answer:
(c) 2

Question 6.
Onam festival celebrated in
(a) Kerala
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Punjab
(d) Karnataka
Answer:
(a) Kerala

Question 7.
Mohiniyattam is a classical dance of …………….
(a) Kerala
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Manipur
(d) Karnataka
Answer:
(a) Kerala

Question 8.
Discovery of India’ a book was written by
(a) Rajaji
(b) V.O.C
(c) Nethaji
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer:
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru

Question 9.
The phrase ‘Unity in Diversity’ was coined by …………….
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Ambedkar
(c) Mahathma Gandhi
(d) Rajaji
Answer:
(a) JawahalalNehru

Question 10.
V.A. Smith called India as __________
(a) Great Democracy
(b) Unique land of diversities
(c) Ethnological museum
(d) Secular nation
Answer:
(c) Ethnological museum

II. Fill in the blanks

1. Geographical features and climatic conditions determine the ……………. activities of a region.
2. Jaisalmer, the land of lowest rainfall is located in …………….
3. Tamil was declared as classical language in the year …………….
4. Bihu festival is celebrated in …………….

Answer:

1. economic
2. Rajasthan
3. 2004
4. Assam

III. Match the following

Answer:
1. – d
2. – c
3. – a
4. – b

IV. Answer the following questions

Question 1.
Define diversity.
Answer:
We, the Indians come from different backgrounds, belong to different cultures, worship in different ways. This is known as diversity.

Question 2.
What are the types of diversity?
Answer:

1. Landform and lifestyle diversity
2. Social diversity
3. Religious diversity
4. Linguistic diversity
5. Cultural diversity

Question 3.
Why is India called a subcontinent?
Answer:
A continent is a very large area of land with various physical features such as mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers and seas, and various types of weather patterns. India has all of them. So India is known as a subcontinent.

Question 4.
Write the names of three major festivals celebrated in India.
Answer:

1. Deepavali
2. Christmas
3. Ramzan

Question 5.
List out some of the classical dances of India,
Answer:

1. Tamil Nadu – Bharatanatyam
2. Kerala – Kathakali
3. Karnataka – Yakshagana
4. Odisha – Odissi
5. Andhra Pradesh – Kuchipudi
6. Manipur – Manipuri
7. Assam – Sattriya

Question 6.
Why is India called the land of unity in diversity?
Answer:
Though diversity is visible in every aspect of life in India, we are united by the spirit of patriotism.

V. Answer the following in detail

Question 1.
Explain Linguistic diversity and cultural diversity.
Answer:
Linguistic Diversity:

1. According to the census of India 2001, India has 122 major languages and 1599 other languages.
2. Four major Indian language families are Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Austroasiatic, and Sino Tibetian. Tamil is the oldest Dravidian language.
3. Historically, the Portuguese, the Dutch, the British, the Danish and the French came to India for trade and their occupation of India or some parts of it has left behind a certain impact upon the culture and language of the people.
4. In due course, English has emerged as an important language and a medium of instruction in schools and colleges.
5. (It is widely used in official communication and daily life.

Cultural Diversity:

1. The term ‘culture’ refers to the customs and practices of people, their language, their dress code, cuisine, religion, social habits, music, art, and architecture.
2. The culture of a group of people is reflected in their social behaviour and interactions.
3. The group identity fostered by social patterns is unique to a group.
4. Art and architecture are an integral part of every community.
5. It develops as a part of the culture and tradition of a community.

Question 2.
“‘India is a land of diversity, yet we are all united”. Explain.
Answer:

1. Diversity is visible in every aspect of life in India.
2. Even then, we are united by the spirit of patriotism.
3. Symbols such as the National Flag and National Anthem remind us of our great nation and need to stay united.
4. We come together when we celebrate Independence Day, Republic Day and Gandhi Jayanthi every year.
5. India has a multi-cultural society.
6. India evolved as a single nation through common beliefs, customs, and cultural practices.
7. The freedom struggle and the drafting of our constitution stand as ample evidence , to the spirit of unity of India.

VI. Projects and Activities (For Students)

1. “The occupation of people depends on the landform of a place” Give some examples.
2. Read about a state of your choice and make an album to show the culture and tradition of people who live in that state.
3. Collect the pictures to show the and and architecture of Tamilnadu.

VII. HOTS

List out the various festivals celebrated in different states.

VIII. Life Skill

Suggest measures to bring unity in your school.

1. Uniform dress
2. Celebrating festivals of all religions.
   • Deepavali
   • Christmas
   • Ramzan
   • Pongal
3. Conducting community prayers.
4. Inter – dining
5. Celebration of School Day
6. Other extracurricular activities.
7. Conducting L.D.S meetings.

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Social Science Understanding Diversity Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer

Question 1.
The oldest Dravidian language is …………….
(a) Hindi
(b) Tamil
(c) Sanskrit
(d) Telugu
Answer:
(b) Tamil

Question 2.
Punjab is well-known as for_______ dance.
(a) Bihu
(b) Dandia
(c) Bhangra
(d) Dumhal
Answer:
(c) Bhangra

Question 3.
Tamil was declared as a classical language in …………….
(a) 2002
(b) 2004
(c) 2012
(d) 2008
Answer:
(b) 2004

II. Fill in the blanks

1. Gurunanak Jayanthi is celebrated by the ……………..
2. India became independent in the year ……………..
3. The first Prime Minister of independent India is ……………..
4. The fundamental unit of a society is the ……………..
5. The folk dance of Punjab is ……………..

Answer:

1. Sikhs
2. 1947
3. Jawaharlal Nehru
4. Family
5. Bhangra

III. Answer in brief

Question 1.
What is meant by family? What are the types of the family?
Answer:
Family is the fundamental unit of society. Joint families and nuclear families are the two types of families.

Question 2.
Define community.
Answer:
Our community is made up of peasants, labourers, artisans, parents, teachers, students, and many others.

Question 3.
What is a continent?
Answer:
A continent is a very large area of land with various physical features such as mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers and seas and various types of weather patterns.

Question 4.
Name the religions which flourish in India.
Answer:
Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism and Zoroastrianism flourish in India.

Question 5.
Mention the religions of India.
Answer:

1. Hinduism
2. Islam
3. Christianity
4. Sikhism
5. Buddhism
6. Jainism and Zoroastrianism are the religion of India.

Question 6.
Mention the people who came to India for trade.
Answer:
The Portuguese, the Dutch, the British, the Danish and the French came to India for trade.

Question 7.
Mention any four folk dances of India.
Answer:

1. Tamil Nadu – Karagattam, Oyillattam, Kummi, Thappattam
2. Kerala – Mohiniattam
3. Punjab – Bhangra
4. Gujarat – Dandia

IV. Mind Map